Locating And Setting Out

Definition of Locating And Setting Out

is done to locate the position of the structural parts as in the detailed

drawing with geometrical construction. The setting out is done to
locate pile position, pile cap, column position, beam bottoms and slab
boundary in the site.
Parts of Locating And Setting Out
1. Centrelines and Offsets
2. Grids
Centrelines and Offsets
Centrelines (CL)

Is an engineering drawing symbol. A centre line runs directly through

the middle of a component. Distance between centerlines(CL) are
called centre-to-centre(c/c) dimensions.
Reference Point
Reference point is a point to
which other points, lines, and etc.
usually in terms of distance or
direction, or both.Reference
points can be used to locate -
discover the exact position of
something – points on
components.

*The red reference points are

used in order to locate the tree
and the square.
Running Dimension A running dimension is a
dimension that is taken from
one end of a structure and
provides multiple points in an
increasing fashion.The
dimension itself has one
extension line, one arrow head
and the numerical value of the
item being dimensioned. It can
decrease the chance of making
a mistake.
Chain Dimenson

Chain dimension is where each point is measured to the next.

E.g. Point B is measured from Point A, Point C is measured from
Point B, and so on. Chain dimensioning increases the chance of
accumulating a tolerance error as each measurement relies on
the accuracy of the previous measurement.
Offsets

Offsets are the lateral measurements from the base line to fix the positions
of the different objects of the work with respect to base line. These are
generally set at right angle offsets.
There are two kinds of offsets
1. Perpendicullar Offsets
2. Oblique Offsets
The perpendicular offsets
or right angled offsets is a
measurements which taken
at right angle (90 degrees)
to the survey line.

The Oblique offsets is the

distance of a point from a
main survey line measured at
an angle to the latter that is
not a right angle.
 Grids
Grids are used for horizontal
positioning.
Grid lines have numbers and
letters. All numbered
gridlines are Parallel with one
another. Lettered lines are
also run parallel with one
another, and are
perpendicular to the
numbered lines.
Parallel lines is two lines on a
plane that never meet. They are
always the same distance apart.

Perpendicular Lines is lines that

are at right angles (90 degrees).
The perpendicular gridlines
intersect at the centres of
columns. Intersect lines is a
single point where two lines
meet or cross each other