EDUCATION

POLICY
1972
 INTRODUCATION
• On December 16,1971,East Pakistan seceded and became
Bangladesh . When the people’s s party came to power in
Pakistan , Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto announced the education
policy on March 29,1972.
• 1972 On the order of Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto, the National
Education Policy 1972 will be prepared by the Federal
Minister of Education under the leadership of Abdul
Hafeez Pirzada.
• When the policy was announced , all private entities were
taken into Government custody and many changes were
proposed in the other aspect of the country’s education
system .
 AIMS OF THE POLICY

• Ensuring the preservation and promotion of the ideology of

Pakistan .
• Eradicating illiteracy in the shortest possible time .
• Equalizing access to education for females and handicapped
person.
• Education would be free universal up to class x .
 FEATURES OF THIS POLICY
1. Promotion of ideology of Pakistan .
2. Universal education.
3. Equality in education.
4. Personality development.
5. Integrated technical and science education.
6. Curriculum based on socio-economic needs of society.
7. Nationalization of educational institution.
1. Free and compulsory education
Education will be made free and universal for all children of
the country up to class x.
However, due to our limited resources, this will be achieved
in two phase.
• First phase: From 1st oct,1972 education up to class VIII
free for boys and girls in all types of school.
• Second phase: Starting from October 1974, free education will be
extended to all school up to class IX and X.

Compulsory Education:
• Compulsory education it will be direct responsibility on parents to
send their children to school on pain of punishment .
• Simultaneously, it entails an immediate obligation on the
part of the Government provide facilitates for their
schooling.
 2. Elementary Education
From October 1, 1972, education in I - IIIV will be free in all
school, Government and privately managed across the country.
• According to the policy primary education would be universal
for boys from 1979 and for from girls 1984.
• Textbook and writing material would be free for primer school
children .
 3. Secondary and intermediate education
• Secondary education would be made free.
• It would ensure that the increase in teaching subject from 5 percent
to 33 percent, and for science subject increase from 23 percent to
30 percent in 1989.
 4. Nationalization

As from the first day of September 1972, all privately –

managed colleges shall be nationalized privately – managed
schools will, however , be nationalized within a period of
two year beginning from 1st October , 1972.
5. Book bank
• In view of the high prices of textbooks and their non in
the local market in some areas book will be established in
universities an colleges.
• Special grants will be provided by university grants commission to
universities and colleges for establishment of book bank.
 Higher Education
• Institution of higher education plays an important role in the
advancement of nation At present only 2% of the population of the
relevant age group. Is enrolled in the institution of higher education
in the country, as against 50% in USA and 25% Japan. In Pakistan
only 175 per lac of population are undergoing higher education
compared with 3,700 in USA, 2,400 in Canada 1.900 in USSR and
600 in UAR and 217. in India to improve this position, 100,000
additional places will be created in higher educational institution
by 1980. This will cover 3% of the age group.
New Universities

• New Universities will be established progressively to cover all

parts of the country, To start with new universities will be
established at Multan, Saidu Sharif and Sukkar. The Jamia Islamia,
Bahawalpur will be converted in to a full -fledged university.
University Grant Commission

• In order to coordinate the program of universities and develop their

facilities without unnecessary duplication and waste , a University
Grant Commission will be established. The commission will also
serve as a buffer between government bureaucracy and university
administration.
Military Training
• Military training will be progressively introduced for all students
between age of 13 to 17 years ( classes ix to xii). The main aim of
military training at this age will be to prepare for national defense
by imparting basic military techniques and skills.
• And by training young men in use of personal weapons such as
refile and pistol etc.
• Arrangements for this training within the educational institution
will be made by borrowing instructors from the armed forces of by
recruitment of ex- service men.
Examination
• The existing system of examination is one of the root cause of the
general problems in our education system.
• At present (1972) there are internal examination from class 1st to 9th
under which students are failed or pass o the bases of annual test.
 IMPLEMENTATION

• This policy was a good approach towards betterment , but has

many drawback due to which it cannot be achieved e.g.: universal
basic education ,shift towards agro-technical studies etc.