WINTER TEXTILE INTERNSHIP

PROJECT-Problems of pin hole in 100% linen white fabric

JAYA SHREE TEXTILES, RISHRA

Submitted by
ARMAN HUSSAIN
GOVT COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING TEXTILE TECHNOLOGY
SERAMPORE

UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF

Mr. MANOJ SINGH
 INDEX
SL. NO Topics Pg.
1 Introduction
2 Define texiles
3 Flow chart of textile processing
4 Linen-an Introduction to flax fibre
5 Process of linen fibre
6 Process route of 100% linen fabric
7 Batching & oxalic process
8 Singeing & cold bleach
9 Washing range m/c
10 Process & parameters of C.B.R m/c
11 Reasons of holes in fabric
12 Conclusion
INTRODUCTION OF TEXTILE
The word textiles is only applied to woven fabrics, now generally to fibres, yarns, or
fabrics. The term textile originates from the latin verb “textere” means to weave but as
the textiles institutes Defines glossary explains , it is now
“ a general term applied to any manufacture from fibres, filaments or yarns
characterized by flexibility, fineness and high ratio of length to thickness.”
 Linen –An Introduction to Flax Fibre

Linen is a textile material made from the bast fibres of the flax plant. Flax is an annual plant,
Which means it only lives for one growing season. From seed planting, it is ready to harvest in
about a hundred days. The textile fibre is composed basically of the substance, cellulose.
Linen is usually an expensive textile, and is produced in relatively small quantity.

Process flow chart of linen fibre

Cultivation: (a) grown in temperate region.
(b) moist and fertile soil is required.
(c) germination takes place after 8-15 days of sowing.

Harvesting: (a) Harvesting is done when lower portions of

the stems Turns yellow.
(b) plants are cut and dried.
(c) separates the weeds from capsules or seeds.

Retting : Retting have a three types

(a) water retting
(b) Dew retting
(c) chemical retting
Extraction of fibre from stem

Drying

Breaking: (done with breaking with hammer)

Repeated snitching : (separation of wooden

particles from the fibre)

Linen or flax fibre ready for textile use.

TEXTILE ProcessING route of 100% linen white fabric
Oxalic PROCESs
 
WASHING RANGE mACHINE

Singeing & Cold Bleach

 
CONTINUOUS BLEACHING RANGE mACHINE
 
Stenter MACHINE
 
CalendErING mACHINE
 
SANFORISING MACHINE
 
Folding MACHINE
Oxalic process:
It is a process of removing rusted yarn from fabric.

CHEMICALS AMOUNT (gr/lt) ROTATION TIME

(HOURS)
AMMONIUM
SULPHATE (CATALYST)
30

OXALIC ACIDS (RUST

STAIN REMOVE)
40 6
EXOWET
CON(WETTING
15
AGENTS)
WASHING MACHINE-MAKER BY ERBATECH GERMANY
OBJECTIVE: Washing is the operations carried out most frequently during a complete textile
complete cycle. They are almost always connected to key treatments and aimed at removing
from the fabric insoluble matters. During the fabric preparation process for example, washing is
carried out after de-sizing, oxalic, cold bleach and mercerization process.
 Singeing

Objects of singeing
*Process of burning off protruding fibres from the surface of fabric.
* Improve the lusture and smoothness of the materials

The "fuzz" or the protruding fibres are responsible for

* Scattered reflection and hence contributes to a dull appearance
* Removal of fuzz results smooth surface and regular reflection of light is obtaines
* Uniform surface reflects more light and more uniformly and produces lustrous surface
Singeing
 SINGEING AND COLD BLEACH (WHITE 100% LINEN) –RECIPE & MACHINE PARAMETER

MATERIALS M/C SPEED Temp(0C) BURNER FLAME

DETAILS (mt/min) POSITION INENSITY
(mili/mtr)

SINGEING AND
COLD BLEACH 90 RT 3 10
 SINGEING AND COLD BLEACH (WHITE 100% LINEN) –RECIPE & MACHINE

CHEMICALS AMOUNT(gr/lit) ROTATION TIME

(hours)

HYDROGEN PEROXIDE 60
CAUSTIC LYE(NaOH) 24
PRESOGEN 10
FBE(STABILIZER)

EXOPERSE
DS(SEQUESTERING
4 22-24
AGENTS)

EXOWET PBD(WETTING 10
AGENTS)

MAGNISIUM CHLORIDE 0.2

(Mgcl2)

Antifoaming agents 1
 CONTINUES BLEACHING RANGE – MAKE BY MEZZERA

OBJECTIVE:
Continues bleaching is a process by which natural
colouring matter and any other colouring matter is
removed from natural fibres. Its improve the
absorbency of the material for whiteness to fabric
dyes and printing. In jayashree texiles we are using
hydrogen peroxide. CBR process reduce the
whiteness variation as compiare to other process.
 
CONTINUES BLEACHING RANGE – MAKE BY MEZZERA
 Reason of pins hole in CBR m/c
1. If Rusted yarn do not remove completely during oxalic process.
2. Any how unnecessary waters drops do not fall on the fabric.
3. There are more iron in water.
4. If there is regularities in hole means problems in equipments.
 5. Check the chemicals concentration with the help
of titration method.
SR. NO. (A)SOP for H2O2 Titration method
1 Collect chemical from saturator (from left side of stream).
2 Take 1 ml of that solution and put it in to a chemical flask.
3 Add 10 ml of 10% H2SO4 solution into a conical flask.
4 Add 10 ml of distilled water with that solution.
5 Fill o.1 ml (N) KMNO4 solution in burette.
6 Titrate the chemical solution with 0.1(N) KMNO4.
7 Add drop by drop KMNO4 solution in the flask and continuously shake it well.
8 Start the solution colorless to end points slightly pink.
9 Note down the burrete reading.
10 Calculation= H2O2 concentration in the solution (ml/ltr)=burrete reading
multiply with 2.86.
SR. NO. (B)SOP for NaOH Titration method

1
.
Collect chemical from saturator (from left side of stream)

2 Take 1 ml of that solution and put it in to a chemical flask

3 Add 10 ml of distilled water with that solution

4 Add 2-3 drops phenolophalene indicator in to the flask

5 Solution colour becomes pinks

6 Fill 0.1 (N) HCL solution into a burrete

7 Titrate the chemicals solution with this 0.1(N) HCL solution

8 Add drop by drop HCL solution into the flask and continuously shake it

9 End point is pink to colourless

10 Note down the burrete reading

11 Calculation= NaOH concentration in the solution (ml/ltr)=burrete reading

multiply with 5.25
6. The concentration of hydrogen peroxide is too
high and the streaming time after bleaching
is too long or superheated stream is used.
7. Check the chemicals dosing of NaoH , H2O2,
and stabilize
8. Machine speed, time and temperature
parameters is improper.
9. Improper selection of stabilizers or poor
stability of stabilizers, resulting in accelerated
decomposition of hydrogen peroxide.
10.Check the effective pickup of C.B.R machine.
 Conclusion:
Taking everything in consideration this project has
the study work on pins hole problems in 100% linen
white fabric which directily or indirectily affects the
wet processing and production.
Moreover the project provides a thorough knowledge
of white fabric processing in jayashree textiles.
It also provides practical knowledge of working
mechanism of singeing , washing range, C.B.R. and
calendaring machine.
It highlights the reason of pins holes problem, if we
are focused on that then reduces the holes problem
in a fabric.