QUANTITATIVE

ASPECTS IN
PHASE CHANGES
By : FRANCISCA L. DITAN
Quantitative Aspects of Phase Changes •
• Heating-cooling curves – show the variation of
the temperature of a sample as it is heated or
cooled at a constant rate •
• Regions in the heating-cooling curves – Sloped
regions – correspond to temperature changes in
the pure solid, liquid or gas phases (slope depends
on the heat capacity of each phase; Ex. of
molecular motion changes)
• – Flat regions – correspond to phase changes
(temperature remains constant; Ep of
intermolecular attraction changes)
Equilibrium Nature of Phase Changes
 Liquid-gas equilibria (liquid ↔ gas)
 – At constant temperature in a closed container a
dynamic equilibrium is established between
vaporization and condensation
 – At equilibrium the rate of vaporization equals
the rate of condensation
PROCESSES INVOLVE IN HEAT
FLOWS
ENDOTHERMIC PROCESS
EXOTHERMIC PROCESS
ENDOTHERMIC PROCESS:
 The amount of heat added or absorbed
 Examples{
 Cooking of food
 Boiling of substances
 Evaporation
 Melting
EXOTHERMIC PROCESS
 Heatis being remove or released
 Example:
ENERGY INVOLVE IN PHASE
CHANGES
SPECIFICHEAT
HEAT OF FUSION
HEAT OF VAPORIZATION
EQUATION FOR HEAT:
Q= mcΔT
Where : Q = heat
 m= mass
 C=specific heat capacity
 ΔT = change in temperature

Specific heat = joules/g oC

SAMPLE PROBLEM :
 How much heat must be absored by 375 g of water
to raise its temperature by 25ᴼC?( specific heat of
water c = 4.16 J/gᴼC)
 Given :
 m=375g c= 4.16J/gᴼC ΔT = 25ᴼC
 Required : Q
 Solution: Q = mcΔT
 Q = 375g x 4.16 J/gᴼC x 25 ᴼC
 = 39000Joules
PROBLEM SOLVING:
 1. What mass of water can be heated from 25
degrees celsius t0 50 degrees celsius by the
addition of 2825 J?
 2. What is the final temperature when 625 grams
of water at 75 degrees celsius loses 79600 joules?
 3. A 65g piece of iron at 525ᴼC is put into 635g of
water at 15ᴼC. What is the final temperature of
the water and the iron?