Department of Technical Education

Andhra Pradesh
Name : Satyanarayana
Designation : Senior Lecturer
Branch : Mechanical Engineering
Institute : JN Polytechnic, Hyderabad
Year/Semester : III Semester
Subject : Engineering Mechanics
Subject Code: M303
Topic : Dynamics
Duration : 50 Min
Sub Topic : Work, Power, Energy
Teaching Aids : PPT, Animations
Revised by : L.V.Rama Rao
9M303.15 1
 Recap

we have learnt in the previous lesson

• Unit Of Force

• Law Of Conversation Of Momentum

9M303.15 2
 Objectives

After completion of this period, you would be able to know

• Work
• Power
• Energy
• Conservation Of Energy

9M303.15 3
 Work

• Work is done by a force when its point of application

moves along its line of action.

• Work is measured by the product of force and

displacement in the line of action of force

9M303.15 4
 Work contd…
• Work done = force x displacement

• W = F x s

F BODY
BODY

9M303.15 5
 Work contd…
• If the line of action of force is making an angle ‘ø’ with
linear displacement, then
• workdone =
• (force) (displacement in the line of action of force) =
• F .s cos ø
F

ø BODY
BODY

9M303.15 6
 Work contd…
The force may be resolved in the direction of motion ,
then
W D = F cosø x s

Fsinø
F

ø BODY
BODY
Fcosø

9M303.15 7
 Work contd…
• Work is done by a force is said to be positive when
displacement takes place in the direction of force
• Work is done by a force is said to be negative when
displacement takes place in the opposite direction of
force
• If the line of action of force is perpendicular to the path,
the work done is zero

9M303.15 8
 Unit of work
• Work is a scalar quantity.

• The unit of work is newton-meter (Nm).

• This is called ‘joule’.

• One joule is the work done by a force of 1 N through a

distance of 1 m.
i.e., 1 Nm = 1 J

9M303.15 9
 Power

• Rate of doing work is called “Power”.

• Work done per unit time.

• P= Work Done / Time = F x (s/t)

= Force x Velocity of body

9M303.15 10
 Unit of Power

• The unit of power is “watt” (W)

• It is defined as one joule of work done in one second.

1 W = 1 Nm / s = 1 J/s

9M303.15 11
 Energy

• The energy of a body is its capacity to do work

• Mechanical, heat, chemical, electrical are the some of

the forms of energy

• There are two forms of mechanical energy

1. Potential energy
2.Kinetic energy

9M303.15 12
 Potential energy

• It is the energy possessed by a body by virtue of its

position.

• Consider a mass of ‘m’ kg is raised through a height ‘h’

above the ground level. Then

P.E = W . D= Weight x height

= mgh

9M303.15 13
 Kinetic Energy

• It is the energy possessed by a body by virtue of its

motion

• Let ‘m’ be the mass of a body moving with a velocity of

‘v’ , then Kinetic Energy is given by
K E = ½ x mv2

• This K E is equal to the amount of work done by a body

before coming to rest

9M303.15 14
 Principle of conservation of energy
• The Principle of conservation of energy states that
energy can neither be created nor destroyed
• Ex : Energy lost due to friction is transformed into heat
energy and dissipated, but it is not destroyed
• The principle of conservation of energy applied to the
mechanics may be stated as:
• The gain in K.E of a body is equal to the work done by
the accelerating force: or the loss in K.E. of body is equal
to the work done by the retarding force

9M303.15 15
 Summary
In this lesson we have discussed about
– Concept of work
– Energy
– Power
– Conservation of energy

9M303.15 16
 Quiz
1.The energy of a body by virtue of its position is
known as
a) Kinetic Energy
b) Potential Energy
c) Thermal Energy
d) Mechanical Energy

9M303.15 17
 Quiz

2. The unit of power is

a) Watts
b) Newton
c) N-m
d) N/m

9M303.15 18
 Frequently Asked Questions

1) Define Work, Power, and Energy. State their units

2) Define
a) Potential energy

b) Kinetic energies

9M303.15 19