1.

6 ANGLE OF LOLL
Description

THE MARITIME ACADEMY OF ASIA AND THE PACIFIC

 LO1.10: Explain how to correct the angle of loll
of a ship in maintaining seaworthiness of the ship

THE MARITIME ACADEMY OF ASIA AND THE PACIFIC

THE MARITIME ACADEMY OF ASIA AND THE PACIFIC
Angle of loll is the state of a ship that is
unstable when upright (i.e. has a negative
metacentric height) and therefore takes
on an angle of heel to either port or
starboard. ... When this occurs, the vessel
goes to neutral equilibrium, and the angle
of heel at which it happens is called angle
of loll.
THE MARITIME ACADEMY OF ASIA AND THE PACIFIC
THE MARITIME ACADEMY OF ASIA AND THE PACIFIC
 ANGLE OF LOLL
A Ship with a negative GM will not remain
upright. It will capsize, either to port or starboard,
until the center of buoyancy is able to attain a
position vertically below the center of gravity (G)
At the angle of Loll GZ is zero. The accurate for
calculating GZ for wall sided inclination is
GZ =(GM + ½BM TAN²θ) SINE θ
A formula for calculating the angle of loll value

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 ANGLE OF LOLL

THE MARITIME ACADEMY OF ASIA AND THE PACIFIC

THE MARITIME ACADEMY OF ASIA AND THE PACIFIC
 Angle of Loll

Negative GM

• GZ = negative
• Result in capsizing moment

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 Possible Causes
1. Removal of low weight
2. Addition of high weight (ice)
3. Moving weight upward
4. Free Surface Effect
5. Free Flow Effect (if present)

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 How to Recognize
1. Vessel will not remain upright and will
assume a list to either port or starboard.
2. Vessel “flops” to port or starboard.
3. Vessel will have a very long, slow roll period
about the angle of list.
4. A small GM is known to exist plus any of the
above.
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 Corrective Measures
1. Eliminate Free Surface and Free Flow Effects
(if present)
2. Add low weight symmetrically about
centerline.
3. Remove high weight symmetrically.
4. Shift weight down symmetrically.
List Caused By Off-Center Weight And Negative
Gm
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 GM CONDITIONS

GM at LOLL , GZ = 0
GM = 2(Initial GM) / Cosθ

When GM is negative
=

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For Large of HEEL for wall-sided inclinations
GZ = (GM + ½ BM Tan² θ) Sin θ

For Small angle of HEEL

GZ = GM x Sin θ

For righting moment or Moment of Statical Stability

RM = GZ x Displacement

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Angle of Loll:

It may so occur that the initial metacentric

height of the ship becomes negative. As a
result of this, the ship is not stable in its
upright condition, leading to a heeling
moment, as shown in part (a) of Figure 3
below.

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Figure 3 (a): Negative Stability – Angle< Angle of Loll

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Figure 3 (b): Equilibrium at Angle of Loll

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Figure 3 (c): Positive Stability – Angle > Angle of Loll

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As a result of the negative righting lever (GZ),
the ship heels further up to an angle where the
righting moment and righting lever, both,
become zero. This angle at which this condition
is achieved is called Angle of Loll, as shown in
part (b) of Figure 3. The important thing to
visualize here is that a condition of loll can be
treated as a shift of the GZ curve from the origin
(shown in Figure 4 below).
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Figure 4: GZ curve for a ship having an angle of loll.

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Now, when the ship heels to an angle more than
that of the loll angle (part C of Figure 3), a
positive righting moment is generated, which
brings the ship back to its equilibrium position.
However, as long as a condition of loll prevails,
the equilibrium condition will not be achieved
when the ship is upright. This results in a
permanent angle of heel in the ship, which is an
unwanted situation.
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There are many reasons behind a condition of loll.
One of the most commonly occurring ones is the
free surface effect. The important thing to note
now, is the shape of the curve. For a designer, it is
very vital to observe the initial slope of the stability
curve of a ship in all loading conditions, because
often, the negative slope might not be as
exaggerated as shown in the above figure.

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1. A box shaped vessel 30m x 6m x 4m floats in salt
water on an even keel at 2m, draft F and A, KG 3m.
Calculate the angle of Loll.
Solution:
BM = B² / 12draft
= (6)² / 12 x 2m
= 36 / 24
= 1.5m
KB = ½ draft
=½x2
= 1.000m
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KM = KB + BM
= 1.000m + 1.500m
= 2.500m
KG = 3.000m (-)
GM = -0.500m

When GM is negative
Tanθ = -2 x -GM
BM

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When GM is negative
Tanθ = -2 x – 0.5
1.5

Tanθ = 0.81650
θ = 39.23˚

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