BASIC ELECTRICAL

ENGINEERING

CHAPTER 2

SINGLE PHASE AC
CIRCUIT

By
Chaure G R
Government polytechnic jintur
PREREQUISITE
 Generation of emf
 Sine wave an cosine waveform
 Mathematical representation of waveform
AFTER THIS PRESENTATION THE STUDENTS WILL ABLE TO

 Define the RMS and Average value for ac

quantity
 Define form factor and peak factor
 Explain the concept of phasor
 RMS VALUE
 Rms value : The effective or Rms value of an ac
current is equal to the steady state current ,
 that is required to produce the same amount of
heat as produced by ac current provided that
 the resistance and time for which these current
flow are identical
 RMS value of sinusoidal waveform is equal to
0.707 times its peak value
 Irms = 0.707 Im
Peak value
RMs Value =0.707* Peak value
AVERAGE VALUE
 Average value : it is defined as the mean of
all instantaneous value over a half period of
cycle
 Average value for ac quantity = 0.637 * peak
value of an same alternating quantity
 Dc ammeter or voltmeter indicate the
average value
 Average value of full cycle of symmetrical ac
waveform is zero
PEAK FACTOR
 The maximum value of an ac quantity is
called crest value or peak value
 The peak factor is defined as the ratio of
peak value to the RMS value of the quantity
peak_ value
Kp 
RMS _ value

Peak factor always higher than one

The peak factor for ac alternating quantity for
sine wave is 1.414
FORM FACTOR
 The form factor for an alternating quantity is
defined as the ratio of its RMS value to
average value
RMS .value
kf 
Average .value

Irms 0.707 Im
kf   1.11
Iav 0.637 Im

 The value of kf = 1.11 valid for sinusoidal ac

quantity
 PHASOR
 Phasor representation is simple way to represent
sinusoidal quantity
 A phasor is a straight line with an arrow marked on one
side
 The length of this straight line represent the magnitude of
sinusoidal quantity
 The arrow represent its direction
Speed of rotation of phasor = w rad/sec
Direction of rotation
 W= 2Пf

Length represent magnitude

Reference axis

 One rotation of phasor corresponds =on cycle of ac

waveform
QUESTION
 Define RMS and Average value for ac quantity
 Define form factor and peak factor
 Explain the concept of phasor
Thank you