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TYPES OF PLAGIARISM
01. 02. 03. 04.
Direct Self-Plagiarism Mosaic Accidental
This plagiarism is often It is committed when This is committed when
This type of plagiarism committed when you you take phrases from unintentionally
is committed when you mix your previous a source without neglected to cite a
copy word-for-word a works to come up using quotation source or quoted by
section of others’ works with new article marks or citation; using similar words or
without quotation without proper citation thus, you just find sentence structure.
marks (Roig, 2002). and permission to the synonyms to the
teacher you previously authors’ words while
submitted the work keeping the same
though as it is in the
original (Roka, 2017).
APA CITATION: In-
text Citation
 REFERENCING STYLES
American
Psychological
Association (APA)
●Most commonly
Chicago
used
Manual of
referencing
Style (CMOS)
style

American Modern
Sociological Language
Association Association
(ASA) Style (MLA)
 IN-TEXT CITATION

REFERENCE CITATION
 In-text Citation
The in-text citation is a reference
citation that is made within the
body of the text or essay (Waikato
Institute of Technology, 2010).
 When to use?

❏ Everytime we quote, paraphrase

statements, information and
ideas that came from others.
 IN-TEXT CITATION WITH SINGLE
AUTHOR USED IN THE BEGINNING

Fernandez (2020), stressed that proper citation

has to be observed among novice researchers.
 SINGLE AUTHOR (BEGINNING)

Peck, C. (2011). Ethnicity and students'

historical understandings. In P. Clark
(Ed.), New possibilities for the past:
Shaping history education in Canada
(pp. 305-324). UBC
IN-TEXT CITATION WITH SINGLE
AUTHOR (BEGINNING)
________ found that it is important to
consider all perspectives when representing
history because students’ ancestry,
experiences, and ethnic identity influence
how they understand and construct historical
thinking.
IN-TEXT CITATION WITH SINGLE
AUTHOR (BEGINNING)
Peck (2011), found that it is important to
consider all perspectives when representing
history because students’ ancestry,
experiences, and ethnic identity influence
how they understand and construct historical
thinking.
 IN-TEXT CITATION WITH SINGLE
AUTHOR USED AT THE END

Proper usage of citation styles promotes

integrity among novice researchers (Fernandez,
2020).
 SINGLE AUTHOR (END)

Peck, C. (2011). Ethnicity and students'

historical understandings. In P. Clark
(Ed.), New possibilities for the past:
Shaping history education in Canada
(pp. 305-324). UBC
IN-TEXT CITATION WITH SINGLE
AUTHOR (END)
It is important to consider all perspectives
when representing history because
students’ ancestry, experiences, and
ethnic identity influence how they
understand and construct historical
thinking _______
IN-TEXT CITATION WITH SINGLE
AUTHOR (END)
It is important to consider all perspectives
when representing history because
students’ ancestry, experiences, and
ethnic identity influence how they
understand and construct historical
thinking (Peck, 2011).
 IN-TEXT CITATION WITH 3-5
AUTHORS (BEGINNING)

Fernandez, Munez, and Valencia (2020), attested that

citation can be used only at the beginning and end of the
statement.
 3-5 AUTHORS (BEGINNING)

Derwing, T. M., Rossiter, M. J., & Munro,

M. J. (2002). Teaching native speakers to
listen to foreign-accented speech. Journal
of Multilingual and Multicultural
Development, 23(4), 245-259.
IN-TEXT CITATION WITH 3-5 AUTHORS
(BEGINNING)
_____________________ stressed that a
few researchers in the linguistics field have
developed training programs designed to
improve native speakers' ability to
understand accented speech.
IN-TEXT CITATION WITH 3-5 AUTHORS
(BEGINNING)
Derwing, Rositer, and Munro (2002),
stressed that a few researchers in the
linguistics field have developed training
programs designed to improve native
speakers' ability to understand accented
speech.
 IN-TEXT CITATION WITH 3-5
AUTHORS (END)

It was attested that citation can be used only at the

beginning and end of the statement (Fernandez, Munez,
& Valencia, 2020).
 3-5 AUTHORS (END)

Derwing, T. M., Rossiter, M. J., & Munro,

M. J. (2002). Teaching native speakers to
listen to foreign-accented speech. Journal
of Multilingual and Multicultural
Development, 23(4), 245-259.
IN-TEXT CITATION WITH 3-5
AUTHORS (END)
A few researchers in the linguistics
field have developed training
programs designed to improve native
speakers' ability to understand
accented speech _________________
IN-TEXT CITATION WITH 3-5
AUTHORS (END)
A few researchers in the linguistics
field have developed training
programs designed to improve native
speakers' ability to understand
accented speech (Derwing, Rossiter, &
Munro, 2002).
 IN-TEXT CITATION WITH 3-5
AUTHORS

Note: Provide all the authors' last names when you first
refer to a document with 3-5 authors. Only list the first
author with the Latin abbreviation "et al." for any
subsequent references.

Jones, Chavez, Jackson, and Chen (2010) duplicated...

Jones et al. (2010) further described...

 IN-TEXT CITATION WITH SIX (6)
OR MORE AUTHORS (BEGINNING)

Fernandez et al. (2020), attested that citation

can be used only at the beginning and end of
the statement.
 6 OR MORE AUTHORS
(BEGINNING)

Knutson B., Wolkowitz O. M., Cole S. W., Chan

T., Moore E. A, Johnson R. C., Reus V. I. (1998).
Selective alteration of personality and social
behavior by serotonergic intervention.
American Journal of Psychiatry, 155, 373–379.
IN-TEXT CITATION WITH 6 OR
MORE AUTHORS (BEGINNING)
_________________ reported that
the SSRI administration (relative to
placebo) significantly reduced scores
on a self-report measure of
neuroticism.
IN-TEXT CITATION WITH 3-5
AUTHORS (END)
A few researchers in the linguistics
field have developed training
programs designed to improve native
speakers' ability to understand
accented speech (Derwing, Rossiter, &
Munro, 2002).
 IN-TEXT CITATION WITH 6 OR
MORE AUTHORS (END)

It was attested that citation can be used only at the

beginning and end of the statement (Fernandez, et al.,
2020).
 6 OR MORE AUTHORS (END)

Knutson B., Wolkowitz O. M., Cole S. W., Chan

T., Moore E. A, Johnson R. C., Reus V. I. (1998).
Selective alteration of personality and social
behavior by serotonergic intervention.
American Journal of Psychiatry, 155, 373–379.
IN-TEXT CITATION WITH 6 OR
MORE AUTHORS (END)
SSRI administration (relative to
placebo) significantly reduced scores
on a self-report measure of
neuroticism _________________
IN-TEXT CITATION WITH 3-5
AUTHORS (END)
A few researchers in the linguistics
field have developed training
programs designed to improve native
speakers' ability to understand
accented speech (Derwing, Rossiter, &
Munro, 2002).
 IN-TEXT CITATION WITH ARTICLE
TITLE

In Fernandez’s (2020) article, “Plagiarism: Writers’

Crime”, stressed that proper citation has to be observed
among novice researchers.

Another example:
In Fernandez’s (2020) book, “The Secrets of Plagiarism”,
discussed on ways plagiarism can be avoided.
 IN-TEXT CITATION WITH ARTICLE
TITLE (WITHOUT QUOTATION
MARK)

In some cases, the title of book, articles, proceedings,

journal articles and the like are italicized. However,
when you italicized the title, omit the quotation marks.

In Fernandez’s (2020) book, The Secrets of Plagiarism,

discussed on ways plagiarism can be avoided.
ARTICLE TITLE
IN-TEXT WITH ARTICLE TITLE
(With quotation marks)
_____________________ stressed
that plagiarism is one of the most
serious forms of misconduct as it
implicates intellectual theft.
IN-TEXT WITH ARTICLE TITLE
(With quotation marks)
In Khadilkar’s (2020) article, “The
Plague of Plagiarism: Prevention and
Cure”, stressed that plagiarism is one
of the most serious forms of
misconduct as it implicates intellectual
theft.
IN-TEXT WITH ARTICLE TITLE
(Without quotation marks)
In Khadilkar’s (2020) article, The
Plague of Plagiarism: Prevention and
Cure, stressed that plagiarism is one of
the most serious forms of misconduct as
it implicates intellectual theft.
 IN-TEXT CITATION USING
WEBSITE ARTICLE WITHOUT
AUTHOR

“Man in need” (2020), eating healthy foods gives us

more time for our love ones.

Another example:

Eating healthy foods gives us more time for our love

ones (“Man in need,” 2020).
 IN-TEXT CITATION WITH PAGE
NUMBER

Fernandez (2020), eating healthy foods gives us

more time for our love ones (p. 99).

Another way of citing:

Eating healthy foods gives us more time for our

love ones (Fernandez, 2020, p. 99).
 IN-TEXT CITATION USING
PARAGRAPH NUMBER

According to Fernandez (2020), eating healthy foods

gives us more time for our love ones (para. 99).
Another example:
It was highlighted that eating healthy foods gives us
more time for our love ones (Fernandez, 2020, para.
99).
Instructions: Each group will be given a
set of in-text citation written in a wrong
manner. Examine and rewrite the correct
APA 6th edition format of the in-text
citations.
1. (Kudyba and Kwatinetz, 2012) END
2. In Bouville’s 2008 article Plagiarism:
Words and Ideas, discussed that plagiarism
is a crime against academy.

3. (Standing, Standing, Love, and

Gengatharen, 2017) END
Instructions: Each group will be given a
reference citation. Fill in the missing in-
text citation using the reference citation
provided above each sentence.
Den Heyer, K. (2009). Implicated and called upon: Challenging an
educated position of self, others, knowledge and knowing as things
to acquire. Critical Literacy: Theories and Practices, 3(1), 26-36.
http://www.criticalliteracyjournal.org/

4. The purpose of information mastery is often to ensure student

success on standardized testing in order to show schools and
school boards how well students are learning from their teachers
_____________________________
Anderson, C., Carrell, A., & Widdifield, J. L. (2010). Ethnicity
and students' historical understandings. In P. Clark (Ed.), New
possibilities for the past: Shaping history education in Canada
(para. 35). UBC Press.
5. It is important to consider all perspectives when
representing history because students’ ancestry, experiences,
and ethnic identity influence how they understand and
construct historical thinking ______________________
Instructions: Identify the format of the following
in-text citation. (single author used at the
beginning, article without quotation mark, with
page number, etc. )
6. One study found that “the listener's familiarity with the
topic of discourse greatly facilitates the interpretation of
the entire message” (Gass & Varonis, 1984, p. 85).
7. Role-play can help children learn techniques for coping
with bullying (Kraiser, 2011).
8. In Bouville’s (2008) article, “Plagiarism: Words and
Ideas”, discussed that plagiarism is a crime against
academy.
GROUPS 1 & 2 ANSWERS
1. (Kudyba and Kwatinetz, 2012)
(Kudyba & Kwatinetz, 2012).
2. In Bouville’s 2008 article Plagiarism: Words
and Ideas, discussed that plagiarism is a crime
against academy.
In Bouville’s (2008) article, “Plagiarism: Words
and Ideas”, stated that plagiarism is a crime
against academy.
 GROUP 1 & 2
ANSWERS
3. (Standing, Standing, Love, and
Gengatharen, 2017)

(Standing, Standing, Love, & Gengatharen, 2017).

GROUPS 3 & 4
Den Heyer, K. (2009). Implicated and called upon: Challenging an
educated position of self, others, knowledge and knowing as things
to acquire. Critical Literacy: Theories and Practices, 3(1), 26-36.
http://www.criticalliteracyjournal.org/

1. The purpose of information mastery is often to ensure student

success on standardized testing in order to show schools and
school boards how well students are learning from their teachers
(Den Heyer, 2009, p.26-36). ANSWER
GROUPS 3 & 4
Anderson, C., Carrell, A., & Widdifield, J. L. (2010). Ethnicity
and students' historical understandings. In P. Clark (Ed.), New
possibilities for the past: Shaping history education in Canada
(para. 35). UBC Press.
2. It is important to consider all perspectives when
representing history construct historical thinking because
students’ ancestry, experiences, and ethnic identity influence
how they understand it. (Anderson, Carrell, & Widdifield,
para. 35).ANSWER
GROUPS 5
1. One study found that “the listener's familiarity with the topic of
discourse greatly facilitates the interpretation of the entire message”
(Gass & Varonis, 1984, p. 85).
IN-TEXT CITATION WITH PAGE NUMBER
2. Role-play can help children learn techniques for coping with
bullying (Kraiser, 2011).
IN-TEXT CITATION WITH SINGLE AUTHOR / END
3. In Bouville’s (2008) article, “Plagiarism: Words and Ideas”,
discussed that plagiarism is a crime against academy.
IN-TEXT CITATION WITH ARTICLE (With Quotation mark)
WALL
EVALUATION
Examine carefully the APA in-text and reference
citations. Write C if it is correct, W if otherwise.

1. (Ruiz-Jiménez and Fuentes-Fuentes, 2016)

2. (Singh, 2018)
3. In Fernandez’s (2020) book, “The Secrets of
Plagiarism”, discussed on ways plagiarism
can be avoided.
EVALUATION

4. According to Bouville (2008) p. 33,

plagiarism is a crime against academy.

5. Anderson, Carrell and Widdifield (2010),

attested that it is important to consider all
perspectives when representing history.