APA 7th Edition

TMCSHS Research Webinar | 17 March 2022

Plagiarism
 APA 7 is a citation style.

✓ a set of rules on properly naming

sources in academic writing.
✓ If done correctly, citing sources avoids
plagiarism.
Documentation 1. APA 7 – American
Styles Psychological Association
2. MLA – Modern Language
Association (8th)
3. Chicago – The Chicago
Manual of Style
4. Turabian
5. Harvard
Which style to use?

Use the citation style recommended

by your institution.
Three stylistic concerns of
APA7

Formatting In-text Reference list

of the paper citations
Writing
Writing is perceived as one of the hardest to
master among four language skills: listening,
reading, and speaking (Berowa, 2017). Writing
requires a good command of the language,
strategic communicative techniques, and
structural accuracy of words to be used. For
these reasons, this skill is thought to be very
difficult (Hyland, 2003). Nonetheless, writing has
the capacity to test memory, cognitive ability,
and the power to deliver one’s thoughts and
ideas (Hyland, 2003; Nickerson et al., 2014).
 In-text Citations
A brief form of reference that a writer includes inside the
text.

It gives the readers an idea that what is stated in the written

output is credibly sourced and not an opinion.

Parenthetical citation – the most common – an author-date

format enclosed in parentheses
 In-text Citation Styles
✓ Kennedy (1961) asserted that people should not ask
what their country can do for them. Instead, they
should ask what they can do for their country.
✓ People should not ask what their country can do for
them; instead, they should ask what they can do for
their country (Kennedy, 1961).
✓ In 1961, Kennedy announced in a press conference
that people should not ask what their country can do
for them; instead, they should ask what they can do
for their country.
 In-text Citation Rules
Rule 1: Work by one author
Zamora (2021) concluded that…
… (Zamora, 2021).

Rule 2: Work by two authors

The study of delos Santos and Lazaro (2020)
explained…
… (delos Santos & Lazaro, 2020).
 In-text Citation Rules

Rule 3: Work by three or more authors

Bonifacio et al. (2019) suggest…

… (Bonifacio et al., 2019).

et al. – et alili = and others

 In-text Citation Rules
Rule 4: Unknown author

A similar study was done by students learning to

format research papers (“Using Citations,” 2001).

- Cite the source by its title in the signal phrase or use the first
one or two words in parentheses
- Title of books/reports – italicized
- Title of articles/chapters/web pages – quotation marks
 In-text Citation Rules
Rule 5: Organization as an author

First Citation:
(Department of Environment and Natural
Resources [DENR], 2008)

Second Citation:
(DENR, 2008)
 In-text Citation Rules
Rule 6: Two or more works in the same parentheses
… (Arevalo & Garcia, 2018; Tamayao, 2013).

Rule 7: Citing indirect sources

Johnson (1985) argued that… (as cited in Smith,
2003, p. 102).
… (Johnson, 1985, as cited in Smith, 2003, p. 102).
 In-text Citation Rules

Rule 8: Unknown author and date

Another study of students and research decisions

discovered that students succeeded with tutoring
(“Tutoring and APA,” n.d.).

n.d. – no date
For
more…
 Activity 1 – Find the Error
1. (Pascua, K., 2021)
(Pascua, 2021)
2. (Petelo and Verano, 2022)
(Petelo & Verano, 2022)
3. (Matel, 2019 and Lubigan, 2020)
(Lubigan, 2020; Matel, 2019)
4. (Ancient Egypt, 2005) *webpage
(“Ancient Egypt,” 2005)
5. (Torres, no date)
(Torres, n.d.)
Reference
List
✓ The actual list of
sources used in the
paper.
✓ This section is found
at the end of the
report.
Works Cited | References | Bibliography

MLA APA Chicago

List of all
sources
whether they
were cited in
the text or not.
 Authors
Last name first, followed by author initials.

Rule 1: Single author

Reyes, S. (2015).

Rule 2: Two authors

Dinglasan, S. G. & Romero, Y. H. (2015).
 Authors
Rule 3: Three to 20 authors
Gutierrez, J. R., Honrado, H., Lee, G. T., Rivera, N.,
Blas, J., & Kalay, L. (2021).

Rule 4: Group author

Merriam-Webster. (2008).

Group authors – corps, govt agencies, orgs,

dictionaries, thesaurus, encyclopedias
 Authors
Rule 5: Unknown author
Merriam-Webster's collegiate dictionary (11th ed.).
(2003).

• Move the title of the work to the beginning of the

reference and follow with the date of publication
• Only use “Anonymous” if the author in the work is
signed “Anonymous.”
 Authors

Rule 6: Two or more works by the same author

Hyland, K. (n.d.).
Hyland, K. (2003).
Hyland, K. (2009).
 Books
Author, A. A. (Year of
publication). Title of
work: Capital letter also
for subtitle. Publisher
Name. DOI (if available)

Copyright: 2018
Publisher: C&E Publishing
House, Inc.
Let’s go to
Authors:
Juan Apolinario C. Reyes
Marco Apolinario C. Reyes

Copyright: 2018

Publisher: Unlimited Books

 Journal Articles
Lastname, F. M., & Lastname, F. M. (Year). Title of
article. Title of Periodical, Vol.(Issue), page numbers.
DOI

• URL: https://www.academia.edu/2084746
• Page numbers: 46-65
Reference List for Other
Electronic Sources
 Webpage or Piece of Online
Content
Last name, F. M. (Year, Month Date). Title of page. Site
name. URL

Price, D. (2018, March 23). Laziness does not exist.

Medium.
https://humanparts.medium.com/laziness-does-
not-exist-3af27e312d01
 No Author

Title of page. (Year, Month Date). Site name. Retrieved

Month Date, Year, from URL

Tuscan white bean pasta. (2018, February 25). Budgetbytes.

Retrieved March 18, 2020, from
https://www.budgetbytes.com/tuscan-white-
bean-pasta/
 No Date

Author or Group name. (n.d.). Title of page. Site name

(if applicable). URL

National Alliance on Mental Illness. (n.d.). Mental health

conditions. https://www.nami.org/Learn-
More/Mental-Health-Conditions
 Online News/Magazine Article
Lastname, F. M. (Year, Month Date). Title of article.
Title of Publication. URL

Richards, C. (2019, December 9). Best music of 2019: Lana

Del Rey sings lullabies about the end of America.
Washington Post.
https://www.washingtonpost.com/entertainment
/music/best-music-of-2019-lana-del-rey-sings-
lullabies-about-the-end-of-america
 Wikipedia Article

Title of article. (Year, Month Date). In Wikipedia. URL

of archived version of page

Quantum mechanics. (2019, November 19). In Wikipedia.

https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Quan
tum_mechanics&oldid=948476810
See you!