Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment & Risk Control

(HIRARC)

DR. ZAINORIN ALI

 TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. Objective
2. What is HIRARC?
3. Purpose of HIRARC
4. Process of HIRARC
5. Hazard Identification
6. Risk Assessment
7. Risk Control
8. Practical Workshop
 OBJECTIVES:

1. Explore the elements of an effective hazard

identification and control program.

2. Discuss the steps in the hazard

identification and control process.

3. Be able to perform the Hazard

Identification and Risk Assessment Form
by their own with 3 simple steps to ensure
a safe & healthy workplace.
Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment & Risk Control
(HIRARC) Form
HAZARD IDENTFICATION, RISK ASSESSMENT AND RISK CONTROL (HIRARC) FORM
Doc No.

Prepared by   Revision No :

JOB TITLE Working in Clinic Verified by   Date :

HAZARD IDENTIFICATION RISK ASSESSMENT RISK CONTROL

No
Activities / Equipment/ Recommended Control PIC (Due Date /
R/NR* Hazard Consequences Current Risk Control Likelihood Severity Risk Level Type of Control
Facilites Measures Status)

Receive & treat patient 9.1 a) Exposure to 9.1 a) Sick 9.1 a) Competency &
known & unknown 9.1 b) Fatality Proper PPE to be worn
bacteria, fungal &
viruses
9 R 2 2 4 (L) NIL NIL  

1 2 3
Clearing medical waste 10 a) Contact with 10.1 a) Sick 10.1 a)Competency &
sharp object 10.1 b) Fatality Proper PPE to be worn

10 R 2 2 4 (L) NIL NIL  

Using X-ray machine 11 a) Exposure to 11.1 a) Cancer 11a) Competency &

radioactive and 11.1 b) Fatality Proper PPE to be worn
radiation 11b) Safe work distance,
allowable exposure limit &

11 R 2 2 4 (L) NIL NIL  

12 a) Pollution to 12a) Competency &

atmosphere, sanitary Proper PPE to be worn
sewer, ground water, fresh
Release Contamination / water, soil
12 R 12 a) Scheduled waste 2 2 4 (L) NIL NIL  
Hospital treated waste

*R-Routine, NR - Non Routine

LIKELIHOOD SEVERITY
Most Likely (5) The most likely result of the hazard / event being realised Catastropic (5) Numerous fatalities
Possible (4) Has a good change of occuring and is not unusual (1-5 years) Fatal (4) Approximately one single fatality

Conceivable (3) Might be occur at sometime in future (5-10 years) Serious (3) Non-fatal injury, permanent disability or > 4 days MC
Remote (2) Has not been known to occur after many years (10 yrs) Minor (2) Disabling but not permanent injury or 1-4 days MC
Inconceivable (1) Is practically impossible and has never occurred Negligible (1) Minor abrasions, bruises, cut, first aid type injury

RISK = LIKELIHOOD X SEVERITY 15 - 25 : HIGH RISK 5-12 MEDIUM 1 - 4 : LOW RISK

 REFERENCE:
 Guidelines for Hazard
Identification, Risk
Assessment and Risk
Control

 Published by
Department of
Occupational Safety
and Health (DOSH)
2008.
 DIFINITION:
1. Hazard :
 Source or situation with potential for harm in
term of human injury or ill health, damage to
property, damage to the workplace
environment or a combination of these.
2. Hazard Identification :
 Process of recognizing that a hazard exists
and defining its characteristics
3. Risk :
 Combination of likelihood and consequence
of a specified hazardous event occurring
 DIFINITION:

4. Risk Assessment :
 Overall process of estimating the magnitude
of Risk and deciding whether or not risk is
tolerable
5. Tolerable Risk :
 Risk that have been reduced to a level that
can be accepted by the organization
• Eg. A tiger is a source Tiger attack is a hazard. Becoz has potential for harm

• A cage is the control.

• Therefore, a tiger in cage is less risk as compared to a tiger out of cage.

Furthermore, a tiger in cage is less dangerous than a tiger out of cage since the
hazard is already controlled.
 WHAT IS HIRARC?

HAZARD
IDENTIFICATION
Identify hazard source
or situation

RISK ASSESSMENT
Estimate level of risk and
determine tolerability

RISK CONTROL Reduce or eliminate

risk
Purpose of Hazard Identification, Risk
Assessment and Risk Control (HIRARC):

 Enable organization to identify, evaluate

and control its OSH risk on an ongoing
basis
 To reduce accidents at workplaces
 HIRARC to cover for all existing and new
processes
1. Document review – policy, legal document, record
of accident, NCR, audit result, O&M Manual.

2. Site Assessment – observation, interview

3. Brainstorming – discussion to identify hazard.

Process of HIRARC
CLASSIFY WORK ACTIVITIES
CLASSIFY WORK ACTIVITIES

Working in Clinic
1. Handling patients, contaminated objects, body secretions, tissue or fluids
2. Using X-ray machine
3. Handling patients & moving objects
4. Dealing with angry and stressed patients and their families.
 CATEGORIES OF HAZARDS

Category Examples
PHYSICAL noise, radiation, ventilation, heat stress,
lighting, electrical

CHEMICAL pesticides, solvents and heavy metals

BIOLOGICAL dangerous creatures, virus, bacteria and
parasite
ERGONOMIC human and machine interface, work
position or work posture
PSYCHOSOCIAL work stress, employees interaction
within organisation, long hours work,
shift work
Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment & Risk Control
(HIRARC) Form
HAZARD IDENTFICATION, RISK ASSESSMENT AND RISK CONTROL (HIRARC) FORM
Doc No.

Prepared by   Revision No :

JOB TITLE Working in Clinic Verified by   Date :

HAZARD IDENTIFICATION RISK ASSESSMENT RISK CONTROL

No
Activities / Equipment/ Recommended Control PIC (Due Date /
R/NR* Hazard Consequences Current Risk Control Likelihood Severity Risk Level Type of Control
Facilites Measures Status)

Receive & treat patient 9.1 a) Exposure to 9.1 a) Sick 9.1 a) Competency &
known & unknown 9.1 b) Fatality Proper PPE to be worn
bacteria, fungal &
viruses
9 R 2 2 4 (L) NIL NIL  

1 2 3
Clearing medical waste 10 a) Contact with 10.1 a) Sick 10.1 a)Competency &
sharp object 10.1 b) Fatality Proper PPE to be worn

10 R 2 2 4 (L) NIL NIL  

Using X-ray machine 11 a) Exposure to 11.1 a) Cancer 11a) Competency &

radioactive and 11.1 b) Fatality Proper PPE to be worn
radiation 11b) Safe work distance,
allowable exposure limit &

11 R 2 2 4 (L) NIL NIL  

12 a) Pollution to 12a) Competency &

atmosphere, sanitary Proper PPE to be worn
sewer, ground water, fresh
Release Contamination / water, soil
12 R 12 a) Scheduled waste 2 2 4 (L) NIL NIL  
Hospital treated waste

*R-Routine, NR - Non Routine

LIKELIHOOD SEVERITY
Most Likely (5) The most likely result of the hazard / event being realised Catastropic (5) Numerous fatalities
Possible (4) Has a good change of occuring and is not unusual (1-5 years) Fatal (4) Approximately one single fatality

Conceivable (3) Might be occur at sometime in future (5-10 years) Serious (3) Non-fatal injury, permanent disability or > 4 days MC
Remote (2) Has not been known to occur after many years (10 yrs) Minor (2) Disabling but not permanent injury or 1-4 days MC
Inconceivable (1) Is practically impossible and has never occurred Negligible (1) Minor abrasions, bruises, cut, first aid type injury

RISK = LIKELIHOOD X SEVERITY 15 - 25 : HIGH RISK 5-12 MEDIUM 1 - 4 : LOW RISK

 HAZARD IDENTFICATION, RISK ASSESSMENT AND RISK CONTROL (HIRARC) FORM
JOB TITLE : Working in Clinic

HAZARD IDENTIFICATION
No Activities / R/ Hazard Consequences
Equipment/ Faculties NR*
1 handling patients, R Being in contact with Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C
contaminated objects, infected patients and and Human
body secretions, tissue contagious objects Immunodeficiency
or fluids Virus (HIV) can be
spread
2 Using X-ray machine Exposure to radioactive Cancer
R and radiation Fatality
Without wearing PPE
3 Handling patients & Heavy lifting and frequent Back injuries
moving objects bending or twisting when
R moving objects or patients
with improper lifting
technique
4 Dealing with patients Dealing with angry and Workplace violence can
and their families. stressed patients and their result in loss of sleep,
R families fear or depression, post
traumatic stress disorder
HAZARD IDENTIFICATION
 HAZARD IDENTIFICATION

2 4
Machinery
3 Method
1 •Installation,
layout and
design of
•Substance
s such as •Workplace
•Human equipment •The way condition
chemicals
behaviour, people carry i.e. air
and gases out their work
unsafe acts use in the quality,
workplace ventilation
, lighting,
Man noise,
Materials vibration
etc.

5
Media

5M
HAZARD IDENTIFICATION TECHNIQUES

1 4

2 5

3 6

7
 HAZARD IDENTFICATION, RISK ASSESSMENT AND RISK CONTROL (HIRARC) FORM
JOB TITLE : Working in Clinic

HAZARD IDENTIFICATION
No Activities / R/ Hazard Consequences
Equipment/ Faculties NR*
1 handling patients, R Infectious Diseases Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C
contaminated objects, and Human
body secretions, tissue Immunodeficiency
or fluids Virus (HIV) can be
spread
2 Using X-ray machine Exposure to radioactive Cancer
R
and radiation Fatality
3 Handling patients & Heavy lifting and frequent Back injuries
moving objects bending or twisting when
R
moving objects or patients

4 Dealing with angry and Health care workers are at Workplace violence can
stressed patients and risk from violence result in loss of sleep,
their families. R fear or depression, post
traumatic stress disorder

*R-Routine, NR - Non Routine

Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment & Risk Control
(HIRARC) Form
HAZARD IDENTFICATION, RISK ASSESSMENT AND RISK CONTROL (HIRARC) FORM
Doc No.

Prepared by   Revision No :

JOB TITLE Working in Clinic Verified by   Date :

HAZARD IDENTIFICATION RISK ASSESSMENT RISK CONTROL

No
Activities / Equipment/ Recommended Control PIC (Due Date /
R/NR* Hazard Consequences Current Risk Control Likelihood Severity Risk Level Type of Control
Facilites Measures Status)

Receive & treat patient 9.1 a) Exposure to 9.1 a) Sick 9.1 a) Competency &
known & unknown 9.1 b) Fatality Proper PPE to be worn
bacteria, fungal &
viruses
9 R 2 2 4 (L) NIL NIL  

1 2 3
Clearing medical waste 10 a) Contact with 10.1 a) Sick 10.1 a)Competency &
sharp object 10.1 b) Fatality Proper PPE to be worn

10 R 2 2 4 (L) NIL NIL  

Using X-ray machine 11 a) Exposure to 11.1 a) Cancer 11a) Competency &

radioactive and 11.1 b) Fatality Proper PPE to be worn
radiation 11b) Safe work distance,
allowable exposure limit &

11 R 2 2 4 (L) NIL NIL  

12 a) Pollution to 12a) Competency &

atmosphere, sanitary Proper PPE to be worn
sewer, ground water, fresh
Release Contamination / water, soil
12 R 12 a) Scheduled waste 2 2 4 (L) NIL NIL  
Hospital treated waste

*R-Routine, NR - Non Routine

LIKELIHOOD SEVERITY
Most Likely (5) The most likely result of the hazard / event being realised Catastropic (5) Numerous fatalities
Possible (4) Has a good change of occuring and is not unusual (1-5 years) Fatal (4) Approximately one single fatality

Conceivable (3) Might be occur at sometime in future (5-10 years) Serious (3) Non-fatal injury, permanent disability or > 4 days MC
Remote (2) Has not been known to occur after many years (10 yrs) Minor (2) Disabling but not permanent injury or 1-4 days MC
Inconceivable (1) Is practically impossible and has never occurred Negligible (1) Minor abrasions, bruises, cut, first aid type injury

RISK = LIKELIHOOD X SEVERITY 15 - 25 : HIGH RISK 5-12 MEDIUM 1 - 4 : LOW RISK

 HAZARD IDENTFICATION, RISK ASSESSMENT AND RISK CONTROL (HIRARC) FORM
RISK ASSESSMENT
Current Risk Control Likelihood Severity Risk Level
Wash hands frequently (proper hand washing is the best 3 3 9 (M)
way to prevent communicable diseases)
Competency & Proper PPE to be worn
Safe work distance, allowable exposure limit 2 2 4 (L)

Use proper lifting technique 3 3 9 (M)

Follow policies and intervention guidelines 3 3 9 (M)
LIKELIHOOD SEVERITY
Most Likely (5) The most likely result of the hazard / Catastrophic (5) Numerous fatalities
event being realized
Possible (4) Has a good change of occurring and is not Fatal (4) Approximately one single fatality
unusual (1-5 years)
Conceivable (3) Might be occur at sometime in future Serious (3) Non-fatal injury, permanent
(5-10 years) disability or > 4 days MC
Remote (2) Has not been known to occur after many Minor (2) Disabling but not permanent
years (10 yrs) injury or 1-4 days MC
Inconceivable (1) Is practically impossible and has never Negligible (1) Minor abrasions, bruises, cut,
occurred first aid type injury

RISK = LIKELIHOOD X SEVERITY 15 - 25 : HIGH RISK 5-12 : MEDIUM 1 - 4 : LOW RISK

RISK
RISK ASSESSMENT
LIKELIHOOD
SEVERITY
Risk = Likelihood x Severity
 HAZARD IDENTFICATION, RISK ASSESSMENT AND RISK CONTROL (HIRARC) FORM
RISK ASSESSMENT
Current Risk Control Likelihood Severity Risk Level
Wash hands frequently (proper hand washing is the best 3 3 9 (M)
way to prevent communicable diseases)
Competency & Proper PPE to be worn
Safe work distance, allowable exposure limit 2 2 4 (L)

Use proper lifting technique 3 3 9 (M)

Follow policies and intervention guidelines 3 3 9 (M)
LIKELIHOOD SEVERITY
Most Likely (5) The most likely result of the hazard / Catastrophic (5) Numerous fatalities
event being realized
Possible (4) Has a good change of occurring and is not Fatal (4) Approximately one single fatality
unusual (1-5 years)
Conceivable (3) Might be occur at sometime in future Serious (3) Non-fatal injury, permanent
(5-10 years) disability or > 4 days MC
Remote (2) Has not been known to occur after many Minor (2) Disabling but not permanent
years (10 yrs) injury or 1-4 days MC
Inconceivable (1) Is practically impossible and has never Negligible (1) Minor abrasions, bruises, cut,
occurred first aid type injury

RISK = LIKELIHOOD X SEVERITY 15 - 25 : HIGH RISK 5-12 : MEDIUM 1 - 4 : LOW RISK

RISK
Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment & Risk Control
(HIRARC) Form
HAZARD IDENTFICATION, RISK ASSESSMENT AND RISK CONTROL (HIRARC) FORM
Doc No.

Prepared by   Revision No :

JOB TITLE Working in Clinic Verified by   Date :

HAZARD IDENTIFICATION RISK ASSESSMENT RISK CONTROL

No
Activities / Equipment/ Recommended Control PIC (Due Date /
R/NR* Hazard Consequences Current Risk Control Likelihood Severity Risk Level Type of Control
Facilites Measures Status)

Receive & treat patient 9.1 a) Exposure to 9.1 a) Sick 9.1 a) Competency &
known & unknown 9.1 b) Fatality Proper PPE to be worn
bacteria, fungal &
viruses
9 R 2 2 4 (L) NIL NIL  

1 2 3
Clearing medical waste 10 a) Contact with 10.1 a) Sick 10.1 a)Competency &
sharp object 10.1 b) Fatality Proper PPE to be worn

10 R 2 2 4 (L) NIL NIL  

Using X-ray machine 11 a) Exposure to 11.1 a) Cancer 11a) Competency &

radioactive and 11.1 b) Fatality Proper PPE to be worn
radiation 11b) Safe work distance,
allowable exposure limit &

11 R 2 2 4 (L) NIL NIL  

12 a) Pollution to 12a) Competency &

atmosphere, sanitary Proper PPE to be worn
sewer, ground water, fresh
Release Contamination / water, soil
12 R 12 a) Scheduled waste 2 2 4 (L) NIL NIL  
Hospital treated waste

*R-Routine, NR - Non Routine

LIKELIHOOD SEVERITY
Most Likely (5) The most likely result of the hazard / event being realised Catastropic (5) Numerous fatalities
Possible (4) Has a good change of occuring and is not unusual (1-5 years) Fatal (4) Approximately one single fatality

Conceivable (3) Might be occur at sometime in future (5-10 years) Serious (3) Non-fatal injury, permanent disability or > 4 days MC
Remote (2) Has not been known to occur after many years (10 yrs) Minor (2) Disabling but not permanent injury or 1-4 days MC
Inconceivable (1) Is practically impossible and has never occurred Negligible (1) Minor abrasions, bruises, cut, first aid type injury

RISK = LIKELIHOOD X SEVERITY 15 - 25 : HIGH RISK 5-12 MEDIUM 1 - 4 : LOW RISK

HAZARD IDENTFICATION, RISK ASSESSMENT AND RISK CONTROL (HIRARC) FORM

RISK CONTROL
Type of Control Recommended Control PIC (Due Date / Status)
Measures

Administrative Ensure availability of gloves Mr. A (30/12/2012)

and other protective
equipment and cleansing
agents
NIL NIL  
Administrative Train staff on proper lifting Mr. B (30/12/2012)
techniques
Administrative Train staff on diffusing Mr. C (30/12/2012)
situations and intervention
procedures
Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment & Risk Control
(HIRARC)
HIERARCHY OF CONTROL

PPE

Administrative control

Engineering control

Isolation

Substitution

Elimination
HIERARCHY OF CONTROL
HIERARCHY OF CONTROL
HIERARCHY OF CONTROL
HIERARCHY OF CONTROL
HIERARCHY OF CONTROL
HIERARCHY OF CONTROL
HAZARD IDENTFICATION, RISK ASSESSMENT AND RISK CONTROL (HIRARC) FORM

RISK CONTROL
Type of Control Recommended Control PIC (Due Date / Status)
Measures

Administrative Ensure availability of gloves Mr. A (30/12/2012)

and other protective
equipment and cleansing
agents
NIL NIL  
Administrative Train staff on proper lifting Mr. B (30/12/2012)
techniques
Administrative Train staff on diffusing Mr. C (30/12/2012)
situations and intervention
procedures
SUMMARY
Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment & Risk Control
(HIRARC) Form
HAZARD IDENTFICATION, RISK ASSESSMENT AND RISK CONTROL (HIRARC) FORM
Doc No.

Prepared by   Revision No :

JOB TITLE Working in Clinic Verified by   Date :

HAZARD IDENTIFICATION RISK ASSESSMENT RISK CONTROL

No
Activities / Equipment/ Recommended Control PIC (Due Date /
R/NR* Hazard Consequences Current Risk Control Likelihood Severity Risk Level Type of Control
Facilites Measures Status)

Receive & treat patient 9.1 a) Exposure to 9.1 a) Sick 9.1 a) Competency &
known & unknown 9.1 b) Fatality Proper PPE to be worn
bacteria, fungal &
viruses
9 R 2 2 4 (L) NIL NIL  

1 2 3
Clearing medical waste 10 a) Contact with 10.1 a) Sick 10.1 a)Competency &
sharp object 10.1 b) Fatality Proper PPE to be worn

10 R 2 2 4 (L) NIL NIL  

Using X-ray machine 11 a) Exposure to 11.1 a) Cancer 11a) Competency &

radioactive and 11.1 b) Fatality Proper PPE to be worn
radiation 11b) Safe work distance,
allowable exposure limit &

11 R 2 2 4 (L) NIL NIL  

12 a) Pollution to 12a) Competency &

atmosphere, sanitary Proper PPE to be worn
sewer, ground water, fresh
Release Contamination / water, soil
12 R 12 a) Scheduled waste 2 2 4 (L) NIL NIL  
Hospital treated waste

*R-Routine, NR - Non Routine

LIKELIHOOD SEVERITY
Most Likely (5) The most likely result of the hazard / event being realised Catastropic (5) Numerous fatalities
Possible (4) Has a good change of occuring and is not unusual (1-5 years) Fatal (4) Approximately one single fatality

Conceivable (3) Might be occur at sometime in future (5-10 years) Serious (3) Non-fatal injury, permanent disability or > 4 days MC
Remote (2) Has not been known to occur after many years (10 yrs) Minor (2) Disabling but not permanent injury or 1-4 days MC
Inconceivable (1) Is practically impossible and has never occurred Negligible (1) Minor abrasions, bruises, cut, first aid type injury

RISK = LIKELIHOOD X SEVERITY 15 - 25 : HIGH RISK 5-12 MEDIUM 1 - 4 : LOW RISK

1
HAZARD IDENTFICATION, RISK ASSESSMENT AND RISK CONTROL (HIRARC) FORM
JOB TITLE : Working in Clinic

HAZARD IDENTIFICATION
No Activities / R/ Hazard Consequences
Equipment/ Faculties NR*
1 handling patients, R Infectious Diseases Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C
contaminated objects, and Human
body secretions, tissue Immunodeficiency
or fluids Virus (HIV) can be
spread
2 Using X-ray machine Exposure to radioactive Cancer
R
and radiation Fatality
3 Handling patients & Heavy lifting and frequent Back injuries
moving objects bending or twisting when
R
moving objects or patients

4 Dealing with angry and Health care workers are at Workplace violence can
stressed patients and risk from violence result in loss of sleep,
their families. R fear or depression, post
traumatic stress disorder

*R-Routine, NR - Non Routine

 HAZARD IDENTFICATION, RISK ASSESSMENT AND RISK CONTROL (HIRARC) FORM

2 Current Risk Control

RISK ASSESSMENT

Wash hands frequently (proper hand washing is the best

way to prevent communicable diseases)
Likelihood
3
Severity
3
Risk Level
9 (M)

Competency & Proper PPE to be worn

Safe work distance, allowable exposure limit 2 2 4 (L)

Use proper lifting technique 3 3 9 (M)

Follow policies and intervention guidelines 3 3 9 (M)
LIKELIHOOD SEVERITY
Most Likely (5) The most likely result of the hazard / Catastrophic (5) Numerous fatalities
event being realized
Possible (4) Has a good change of occurring and is not Fatal (4) Approximately one single fatality
unusual (1-5 years)
Conceivable (3) Might be occur at sometime in future Serious (3) Non-fatal injury, permanent
(5-10 years) disability or > 4 days MC
Remote (2) Has not been known to occur after many Minor (2) Disabling but not permanent
years (10 yrs) injury or 1-4 days MC
Inconceivable (1) Is practically impossible and has never Negligible (1) Minor abrasions, bruises, cut,
occurred first aid type injury

RISK = LIKELIHOOD X SEVERITY 15 - 25 : HIGH RISK 5-12 : MEDIUM 1 - 4 : LOW RISK

RISK
HAZARD IDENTFICATION, RISK ASSESSMENT AND RISK CONTROL (HIRARC) FORM

3
Type of Control
RISK CONTROL
Recommended Control
Measures
PIC (Due Date / Status)

Administrative Ensure availability of gloves Mr. A (30/12/2012)

and other protective
equipment and cleansing
agents
NIL NIL  
Administrative Train staff on proper lifting Mr. B (30/12/2012)
techniques
Administrative Train staff on diffusing Mr. C (30/12/2012)
situations and intervention
procedures
 SUMMARY
 Set a Process to review OHS Hazards & Risk
 Output/ results can be used to review :
 Standard Operating Procedures (SOP)
 Training Materials
 Internal Audit
 Management Review/ Continuous
Improvement
 Justification for Budget allocations
THANK YOU