METHODS OF

PHILOSOPHIZING
LESSON 2:
"TRUTH"
Presented by: Claire C. Corporal <3
In today's digital world, information is
everywhere. From the moment we wake up, we
are confronted with different kinds of news
coming from various sources. Information may
primarily come from social media, there is also an
unprecedented influx of information in our world
today. The challenge is for us to effectively filter
and sort news and stories that are truthful from
mere opinion or hearsays.
One must be analytical and logical in his
approach to all kinds of information and
even real-life situations. To do this, one
must possess critical thinking skills,
coherent reasoning, and logical thinking
when philosophizing.
 Philosophers often grapple with the concept of truth. The
truth lies at the heart of any inquiry. However, the concept of
truth remains a highly debated and much-discussed topic among
philosophers. Philosophers consider truth as a kind of quality or
value.

Statements about the world or reality are called

propositions, which may or may not carry truth. Propositions are
usually stated as short statements or sentences.
WHAT IS TRUTH?
 KNOWLEDGE is clear
awareness and understanding of
something. It is the product of
questions that allow for clear
answers provided by facts. Our
knowledge is comprised of ideas and
beliefs that we know to be true.
LET'S EXPLORE
COPERDOGS!!
LET'S EXPLORE OUR KNOWLEDGE BY COMPLETING
THE FOLLOWING STATEMENTS:

• I know that...

• I know why...
• I know how...
 These statements correspond to one important aspect
of knowledge - that it is based on reality. This simply means
that what we know is what is observable or evident in the
real world. Propositions or statements which are observed
to be real or truthful are considered facts.
 There are statements that are not evidently or
immediately known to be true. This refers to a claim.

Truthful statements can be considered based on facts.

Science considers truth something observable and
empirical. This means that any claim can be proven by
verification and experimentation.
HOW DO WE KNOW IF
SOMETHING IS TRUE?
 Philosophers emphasize the
importance of beliefs for
determining truth. But what kind
of belief is truthful? How do we
know that what we believe is
true?
 We assume that everything we know about this world is true. But
philosophers who pondered upon origins of knowledge doubted
everything there is to know about themselves in the world.
 There are instances when we have to
unlearn something so that we may learn
anew. Philosophers questioned what they
knew and even analyzed their methods of
knowing in order to understand themselves
and the world much better.
• I am alive.
• I have a body.
• I can breath.
 Doubt has a very important purpose in
philosophy as it drives our desire to discover
the truth. In philosophy, systematic doubt is
employed to help determine truth. This means
that every statement, claim, evidence, and
experience is scrutinized and analyzed. Nothing
is taken as true unless there is sufficient reason
and evidence to prove that it is indeed true.
 Using doubt as our starting point, let's revise the statements to
make them easier to scrutinize and analyze.

• Am I alive?
• Do I have a body?
• Can I breath?
You can conclude with certainty that the previous statements about
yourself is true. You can now say:

• I am alive!
• I have a body!
• I can breath!
WHY TRUTH IS IMPORTANT?
 IMPORTANCE TRUTH
Truth is important. Believing what is not true is apt to
spoil people’s plans and may even cost them their lives.
Telling what is not true may result in legal and social
penalties. Conversely, a dedicated pursuit of truth
characterizes the good scientist, the good historian, and
the good detective. People need the truth about the world
in order to thrive.
THANK YOU!!