Microprocessor (CPU)

Common CPU type of AMD & Intel

and its specification
• A central processing unit (CPU) (formerly also
referred to as a central processor unit) is
the hardware within a computer that carries out
the instructions of a computer program by
performing the basic arithmetical and
input/output operations of the system. The term
has been in use in the computer industry at
least since the early 1960s. The form, design,
and implementation of CPUs have changed over
the course of their history, but their
fundamental operation remains much the same.
 CPU Speed (clock rate)

MHz – Million cycle Processor

(CPU)
CPU Speed
Per seconds.

GHz – Billion cycle Front Side Bus

Per seconds.

North
Bridge
 Processor Components
Core or Die – is a group
of 2 Chips or Integrated
Control
Circuit (IC) in one ALU Unit
components.

CORE (DIE)
Cache memory – an
static RAM that stores
frequently accessed data.
It is more than fast than CACHE MEMORY
dynamic RAM on
motherboard.
Front Side Bus
 Instruction set
• Most common processor is use 32 bit
instruction set. This means that the processor
can be handle in 32 bit (x86) of information
per cycle. A newer 64 bit (x64) processors can
handle twice as much data at a time than 32
bit processor.
• Bits (Binary Digits)
 Processor Progression
• Intel 8080 (8 bits) introduced in 1974
• Intel 80286 (16 bits) introduced in 1980
• Intel Pentium (32 bits) introduced in 1990
 Binary Digits (Bits)

Binary Digit – involving a method of calculating

and representation of information using the
numbers 0 and 1

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 = 255
128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1

Binary Digit Decimal

Processor Specification
Clock rate (CPU Speed)
FSB(Front Side Bus) Speed
Instruction set
Cores
Compatible Socket(s)
Processor Specs

INTEL CORE 2 DUO

BRAND MODEL SERIES

FSB Speed (1333MHz)

CPU Clock rate (2.66GHz)

 INTEL Processors AMD Processors
• Pentium 4 • Phenom
• Pentium D • Phenom II
• Pentium Dual Core • Sempron
• Core 2
• Sempron x2
• Core i3
• Core i5 • Athlon
• Core i7 • Athlon x2
• Xeon • Athlon II
• Celeron • Duron
• Atom
 Intel Pentium 4
• Produced : from 2000 to 2008
• Max. CPU clock rate :
1.30GHz to 3.80GHz
• FSB speeds : 400 MHz to 1066
MHz
• Instruction set : x86
• Core : Single (1)
• Predecessor : Pentium III
• Successor : Pentium D
• Socket(s) : Socket478, LGA
775
 Intel Pentium D
• Produced : from 2005 to
2008
• Max. CPU clock rate :
2.66GHz to 3.73GHz
• FSB speeds : 533 MHz to
1066 MHz
• Instruction set : x86 – x64
• Core : 2
• Predecessor : Pentium 4
• Successor : Core 2
• Socket(s) : LGA 775
 Intel Pentium Dual-Core
• Produced : from 2006 to 2009
• Max. CPU clock rate : 1.3GHz
to 2.6GHz
• FSB speeds : 533MHz to
1066MHz
• Instruction set : x86 – x64
• Core : 2
• Predecessor : Pentium D
• Successor : Core 2
• Socket(s) : LGA 775, LGA 1155
 Intel Core 2
• Produced : from 2006 to 2011
• Max. CPU clock rate : 1.06GHz
to 3.33GHz
• FSB speeds : 533MHz to
1600MHz
• Instruction set : x86 – x64
• Core : 1,2,4
• Predecessor : Pentium 4,
Pentium D
• Successor : Core i3, i5, i7
• Socket(s) : LGA 775
 Intel Core i3
• Produced : from 2007 to
present
• Max. CPU clock rate : 3.40GHz
• FSB speeds : 1066 MHz to 5
GHz
• Instruction set : x86 – x64
• Core : 2 (with integrated GPU)
• Predecessor : Core 2
• Successor : Core i5
• Socket(s) : LGA 1155
 Intel Core i5
• Produced : from 2009 to
present
• Max. CPU clock rate :
3.30GHz
• FSB speeds : 2.5 GHz to 5.0
GHz
• Instruction set : x86 – x64
• Core : 4
• Predecessor : Core i3
• Successor : Core i7
• Socket(s) : LGA 1155
 Intel Core i7
• Produced : from 2010 to
present
• Max. CPU clock rate :
2.93GHz - 3.40GHz
• FSB speeds : 6.4GHz
• Instruction set : x86 – x64
• Core : 6
• Predecessor : Core i5
• Successor :
• Socket(s) : LGA 1366
 Intel Xeon
• Produced : from 1998 to
present
• Max. CPU clock rate : 400MHz
– 4.4GHz
• FSB speeds : 400MHz to 6.4GHz
• Instruction set : x86 – x64
• Core : 1,2,4,6,8
• Predecessor :
• Successor :
• Socket(s) :
Socket370,Socket423, Socket
478, LGA 775, LGA1366, LGA
1155
 Intel Celeron
• Produced : from 1998 to present
• Max. CPU clock rate : 266MHz –
3.6GHz
• FSB speeds : 66MHz to 1333MHz
• Instruction set : x86 – x64
• Core : 1,2
• Predecessor :
• Successor :
• Socket(s) : Socket370,Socket423,
Socket 478, LGA 775, LGA1366,
LGA 1155
 Intel Atom (Centrino)
• Produced : from 2008 to
present
• Max. CPU clock rate : 600MHz
– 2.13GHz
• FSB speeds : 400MHz to
667MHz
• Instruction set : x86 – x64
• Core : 1,2,8
• Predecessor :
• Successor :
• Socket(s) : Socket 437, 441, 559
 AMD Athlon
• Produced : 1999 to 2005
• Max. CPU clock rate :
500MHz – 2.33GHz
• FSB speeds : 200MHz –
400MHz
• Instruction set : x64
• Core : 1
• Predecessor :
• Successor :
• Socket(s) : Socket A
 AMD Duron
• Produced : 2000 to 2004
• Max. CPU clock rate :
600MHz – 1.8GHz
• FSB speeds : 200MHz –
266MHz
• Instruction set : x86
• Core : 1
• Predecessor :
• Successor :
• Socket(s) : Socket A
 AMD Sempron
• Produced : 2004 to present
• Max. CPU clock rate :
1.0GHz – 2.9GHz
• FSB speeds : 166MHz –
2.7GHz
• Instruction set : x86 – x64
• Core : 1
• Predecessor :
• Successor :
• Socket(s) : Socket A, Socket
AM3
 AMD Phenom
• Produced : 2007
• Max. CPU clock rate :
1.8GHz – 3.8GHz
• FSB speeds : 1.6GHz –
2.0GHz
• Instruction set : x86 – x64
• Core : 2,4,6
• Predecessor :
• Successor :
• Socket(s) : SocketAM2+