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2 DP
09/06/23
Bit Hydraulics Optimization
Fluid Pressure PxQ
Fluid Flow Rate PHP=
1714
Fluid Density and Viscosity
Frictional
Pressure
Losses
4 DP
09/06/23
PStdpipe=PSurf.Eq.+PDrill String+PMWD/Motor+PBit+PAnnulus
Pressure Losses
Surface Equipment
– Standpipe
– Kelly Hose
– Swivel
– Kelly
Drill String
– Pipe
– Collars
– BHA
Motor/Turbine
Bit Nozzles
Annulus
5 DP
09/06/23
Pressure LossesSurface Equipment
6 DP
09/06/23
Pressure Losses Drill String
Drill Pipe D1 D2
7 DP
09/06/23
Pressure Losses Drill String
Drill Pipe D1 D2
8 DP
09/06/23
Pressure Losses Drill String
Drill Pipe D1 D2 Heavy Weight Drill Pipe
OD
Drill Collars
Weight ID
(in.) (lb/ft)
OD Weight ID
(in.) (lb/ft) (in.)
4¾ 54.0 1½
4¾ 44.0 2½
8 165.0 1½
8 143.0 3¼
9 DP
09/06/23
Pressure Losses MWD and
Downhole Drives
MWD
PDM
Turbine
RSS
10 DP
09/06/23
Pressure Losses Bit
Flow Rate
Mud Weight
Nozzle TFA
Pressure Drop
HSI
JIF
11 DP
09/06/23
Pressure Losses Annulus
Flow Rate
Mud Weight
Casing ID
Drill String OD
Length
12 DP
09/06/23
Example of Pressure Losses
Hole Size =8-1/2"
Depth Out = 15,000 feet
Max. Standpipe Pressure = 3000 psi
Flow Rate = 238 GPM
Mud Weight = 14.5 ppg
At Maximum HSI
Surface Equipment Loss = 20 psi
Internal Drill String Loss = 968 psi
MWD/Motor Loss = 0
Bit Pressure Drop = 1890 psi
Annulus Loss = 122 psi
Total Loss = 3000
PStdpipe=PSurf.Eq.+PDrill String+PMWD/Motor+PBit+PAnnulus
13 DP
09/06/23
Hydraulics Optimization
3000 psi Standpipe Pressure
Standpipe HP
System Loss HP
Bit Nozzle HP
JIF/sq. in.
14 DP
09/06/23
Hydraulic Recommendations
Flow Rate Requirements
Flow Rate must be high enough to
transport cuttings. Back-reaming, bit body
balling and lack of chips at surface
indicate cuttings transport or sloughing
problems.
15 DP
09/06/23
Hydraulic Recommendations
Maximum Hydraulic Horsepower
16 DP
09/06/23
Hydraulic Recommendations
Maximum Jet Impact Force
Maximize JIF in shallow holes
where cuttings return and bit/hole
balling are both potential
limitations.
17 DP
09/06/23
Hydraulic Recommendations
Other Guidelines
18 DP
09/06/23
Hydraulic Program Design
Goal: Determine nozzle sizes and flow rate
to deliver maximum HSI or JIF within
specified operating constraints.
Constraints:
1. Maximum Standpipe Pressure
2. Minimum and Maximum Flow Rate
3. Maximum Pump Horsepower
4. Mud Weight
5. MWD and Motor Considerations
6. Fixed Flow Rate
7. Fixed TFA
19 DP
09/06/23
Hydraulic Program Calculation Method
Nozzles ?
Flow Rate ?
20 DP
09/06/23
Hydraulic Program Cases
Case 1 Case 2
21 DP
09/06/23
Hydraulic Program Demo
22 DP
09/06/23
Hydraulic Optimization
Field Results
23 DP
09/06/23
Bit Hydraulics
Optimization
Questions...