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    The document compares Eastern and Western philosophies of self. In the East, Confucianism sees self as expressed through "Ren" (goodness), manifested through "Li" (propriety), "Yi" (rightness), and "Xiao" (filiality). Buddhism sees self as illusion and the cause of suffering, seeking the state of Nirvana. Taoism sees self as living in balance with society and nature. In the West, self is seen as individualistic and distinct from others, focused on ethics and self-dedication. The East sees self as part of a collective, unified whole, thriving on virtue.

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    PPT ng Group 4

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    The document compares Eastern and Western philosophies of self. In the East, Confucianism sees self as expressed through "Ren" (goodness), manifested through "Li" (propriety), "Yi" (rightness), and "Xiao" (filiality). Buddhism sees self as illusion and the cause of suffering, seeking the state of Nirvana. Taoism sees self as living in balance with society and nature. In the West, self is seen as individualistic and distinct from others, focused on ethics and self-dedication. The East sees self as part of a collective, unified whole, thriving on virtue.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    3 views20 pages

    NG Group 4

    Uploaded by

    An Gelo Chavez
    The document compares Eastern and Western philosophies of self. In the East, Confucianism sees self as expressed through "Ren" (goodness), manifested through "Li" (propriety), "Yi" (rightness), and "Xiao" (filiality). Buddhism sees self as illusion and the cause of suffering, seeking the state of Nirvana. Taoism sees self as living in balance with society and nature. In the West, self is seen as individualistic and distinct from others, focused on ethics and self-dedication. The East sees self as part of a collective, unified whole, thriving on virtue.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 20

    Understanding The Self

    The Self in Western and


    UnderstandingThought
    Oriental/Eastern The Self
    OBJECTIVES
    • To differentiate the easter and western
    philosophies of self.
    • To understand the other ideology of self
    • To learn about confucianism, buddhism
    Understanding The Self
    and Taoism philosophy.
    Introduction

    Cultures and cultural practices have great effects on


    peoples’ ways of life and changes as well. Different cultures
    with varying environments tend to create different perceptions
    of the self. One of the most common distinction between
    cultures of people are the cultures of the Eastern (Asia) and
    Western (Europe and Northern America.) Since most of the
    theories about the self come from western research, it is also
    noteworthy highlighting the Eastern thoughts that have
    influenced our definition and understanding of the self are
    definition about self
    Eastern Philosopies of “Self”
    Confucianism Philosophy
    Confucianism Philosophy
    The main idea of Confucianism is the importance
    of having a good moral character, which can then
    affect the world around that person through the idea
    of “cosmic harmony.” If the emperor has moral
    perfection, his rule will be peaceful and benevolent.
    Confucianism
    Is Centered on the

    “REN”
    (GOODESS) which can be manifested
    through;’

    “Li” “YI”
    (PROPRIETY) (RIGHTNESS)

    “XIAO” (FILIALITY)
    “REN”
    (GOODESS) which can be manifested
    through;’

    ‘Human goodness' makes human being different from beast. Further


    signifies the Chinese culture's emphasis on feelings or the heart as the
    most important instead of the head in human nature.
    “LI” (PROPRIETY)

    Rules should be followed to guide human action. These are customs,


    ceremonies and tradition. Rules and conduct reflects a person’s
    goodwill, it forms moral life in doings a right way.
    “XIAO” (FILIALITY)

    Virtue of respect for family. ‘Attitude of respect and concern towards


    parents and superiors’ family is the training ground dor the
    development for XIAO. Family is the reflecton of the person.
    “YI” (RIGHTNESS)

    Right way of behaving. Unconditional and absolute. Right is right and


    what is not right are wrong.
    Buddhism Philosophy
    Buddhism philosophy

    For Buddhism “Self” is Illusion that burn out the


    ignorance: source of all human suffering. Additionally, it
    aims to attain the state of “Nirvana”.
    Taoism
    Taoism

    Living in the way of the Tao or universe. "Ideal self"-


    balanced life with society and nature.
    Western Philosopies of “Self”

    Do not include the role of environment and society. It's


    always focus looking toward the self :individualistic" and
    look at the world in dualities such as (You are distinct
    from the other person, creator is separate from the
    object he created. It also emphasize more on the value of
    equality that promotes ideals of 'fair’ competition.
    Western Eastern
    (Individualism) (Collectivism)
    Western Eastern
    (Individualism) (Collectivism)

    • School of thought from Greek • Based mainly in Asia, more


    philosophy specially the Chinese
    • Takes its roots from Rome philosophy
    and Christianity, specially • Takes its roots from
    Judeo-Christianity (Latin) Confucianism, Buddhism,
    • Main principles: Self- and Taoism (classical
    dedication Chinese)
    • Focused on ethics • Main principle: unity
    • Thrives on virtue
    The Self in Western and
    Oriental/Eastern Thought

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