Professional Documents
Culture Documents
B1 Revision
1 2
Ribosomes
3
1. Which is an
animal and 4
which is a
plant cell? 5
2. Write the
names of the 6
8
organelles 3-
7
10
10
9
Microscopes
We have 2 types of microscope that you need to know
about:
• Light microscope
• Electron microscope
Light Microscope
magnification of magnification of
Total magnification = X
eye piece lens objective lens
Eukaryotes
Eukaryotes are any animal or plant
organisms and they are generally
complex.
In these cells they have genetic material
organised in chromosomes within the
nucleus
THIS IS A KEY DIFFERENCE.
Prokaryotes
Prokaryotes are much smaller
organisms that don’t have a nucleus
within their structure.
Instead, their DNA is a single
stranded loop called a plasmid.
All bacteria are said to be prokaryotic
because they lack a nucleus.
(LO2) Calculating Magnification
Magnification = x400
Specialisation in Plants
Control the opening Guard Cells Stomata Allows gases to get in and
of the stomata out of the leaf
Xylem and phloem
Plants need a transport system to move food, water and minerals around.
They use two different systems –
Xylem
Phloem
Xylem vessels are involved in the movement of water through a plant from its roots to its
leaves. Water:
• Is absorbed from the soil through root hair cells
• Is transported through the xylem vessels up the stem to the leaves
• Evaporates from the leaves
Phloem
Phloem vessels are involved in translocation.
• This is the movement of food substances from the stems to growing tissues and storage
tissues.
Root Hair Cell
Find these close to the tips of the growing roots.
Plants need to absorb water and minerals and they have
certain adaptations to allow for the greatest amount of
absorption.
• Large surface area to absorb lots of water and nutrients
• Thin cell wall to allow water to pass through easily
• Many mitochondria to transfer energy for mineral
movement.
They utilise the processes of osmosis and active transport
in order to achieve this.
Active Transport Definition