DIVISION OF

POLYNOMIALS
 POLYNOMIAL EXPRESSION
A polynomial expression P(x) is an algebraic
expression that can include variables raised to whole
number exponents, combined using addition,
subtraction, and multiplication (but not division by a
variable).
combined with
POLYNOMIAL EXPRESSION
An algebraic expression is NOT a polynomial if:
1) the exponent of the variable is NOT a
whole number {-1, -2, 1/2, 3/5..}.
2) the variable is inside the radical sign.
3) the variable is in the denominator.

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 SPOT THE DIFFERENCE
Look at each pair of expressions below. Identify the expression
that is NOT a polynomial from each pair. Give reasons for your
answers.

COLUMN 1 COLUMN 2
A. F.
B. G.
C. H.
D.
I.
E. J.
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 HEPHEP? HOORAY?
2
𝑥
𝑥 +2
3x 2
−6 𝑦 2 −
7
9( )
x
5 3𝑥
1
3xy -2
𝑥
5

3xyz+3xy z-0.1xz 512x +99w

2 5 5
IMPORTANT CONCEPTS RELATED TO POLYNOMIALS
TERM
A term can be a signed number, a variable, or a constant
multiplied by a variable or variables.
Exercises:
1. List the terms of 3x – x + 5. 3x , – x, 5
2 2

2. List the terms of 2x + 4x – 5x.

5 2 2x 5
, 4x 2
, -5x
DEGREE
A degree is the highest exponent or the highest sum of
exponents of the variables in a term.
Exercises:
1. What is the degree of 3x – x + 5? → 2
2

2. What is the degree of 3x y – x y ? → 7

2 3 4 3
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Degree
0 Constant 7
1 Linear x+3
2 Quadratic x -x+2
2

3 Cubic x -x +5
3 2

4 Quartic 6x -x +x-2
4 3

5 Quintic x5-3x3+x2+8
IMPORTANT CONCEPTS RELATED TO POLYNOMIALS
SIMILAR TERMS
Similar terms are terms having the same literal coefficients.
Exercises:
1. Similar or Not: 3x2y and -5x2y Similar
2. Similar or Not: 2x3y2 and –4x2y3 Not similar
POLYNOMIAL IN STANDARD FORM
A polynomial in standard form is a way of writing a
polynomial where the terms are arranged in decreasing
powers of the variable.
Exercises: Write each polynomials in standard form.
1. x – 5x +2x – x – 1
4 2 3 x 4
– x 3
– 5x 2
+ 2x – 1
2. 8a2 + 2a – 3a4 + a5 a – 3a + 8a + 2a
5 4 2
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DIVIDE AND WRITE
Divide the following and write an equivalent
equation by following the given example.

29 ÷ 5 = __________  __________
34 ÷ 7 = __________  __________
DIVIDE ME
Solve the expression 26956 ÷ 12 using a long division.
2246 ⟵ Quotient Q(x)
Divisor D(x) ⟶ 12 26956 ⟵ Dividend P(x)
-24
29
-24
55
-48
76
-72
Remainder R(x) ⟶ 4
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LONG DIVISION OF POLYNOMIALS
Long division of polynomials is a process for dividing one
polynomial by another polynomial which is very similar to that
for dividing one number by another.

Here are the steps to follow BEFORE performing long

division of polynomials.
1. Arrange the terms of the polynomials (divisor and
dividend) in decreasing order (or standard form); insert 0
as coefficient for any missing terms.
2. Set the divisor outside the division symbol and the dividend
inside.
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LONG DIVISION OF POLYNOMIALS
Here are the steps to follow DURING performing long
division of polynomials.
1. Divide the 1st term of the dividend to the 1st term of the
divisor; write the quotient align on top of the 1st term of
the dividend.
2. Multiply the quotient to the divisor; write the product align
below the first and second terms of the dividend.
3. Subtract the product from the first two terms.
4. Bring down the next term.
5. Repeat the process from step #3 to step #4 until nothing is
left to bring down.
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LONG DIVISION OF POLYNOMIALS
Here is the step to follow AFTER performing long
division of polynomials.
1. Rewrite the quotient in this form

CASES:
1. Remainder is 0
- the divisor is a factor of the dividend.
2. Remainder is not 0
- the divisor is not a factor of the dividend.
LONG DIVIDE ME
Divide (2x2+ 5x – 23) by (x +5) using long division.
2x -5 ⟵ Q (x)
Dividend: D(x) ⟶ x +5 2x2 + 5x - 23 ⟵ P (x)
2 1 0
- (2x2 +10x
2x2+ 5x – 23 - 5x – 23
-5x -25
R(x) ⟶ 2

Divisor:
1 0

x+5
Division Algorithm
LONG DIVIDE ME
Divide (x3 + 2 – 7x) by (x – 2) using long division.
x2 + 2x – ⟵ Q (x)
23
Dividend: D(x) ⟶ x – 2 x3
+ 0x – 7x + 2 ⟵ P (x)
x + 2 – 7x
3 - (x 3
– 2x 2
)
2 – 7x
3 2 1 0 + 2x
→ x3 + 0x2 – 7x + 2 -(2x – 4x)
2

– 3x + 2
Divisor: -(– 3x + 6)
x–2 R(x) ⟶ – 4
1 0
→x–2
Recitation # 9

Divide
(x + 6x + 12 + 13x)
3 2

by (x + 3)
using long division.
Recitation # 9

Divide (x + 9x – 35 + 9x)
3 2

by (x + 7) using long
division.
Additional Activity:

Perform the indicated operations. Apply

the division algorithm in expressing
your answers.
1. (5x2 – 17x – 15) ÷ (x – 4)
2. (6x3 – 16x2 + 17x – 6) ÷ (3x – 2)
3. (2x4 + x3 – 19x2 + 18x + 5) ÷ (2x – 5)

4. (4x5 + 6x4 + 5x2 – x – 10) ÷ (2x2 + 3)

5. (4x5 – 25x4 + 40x3 + 3x2 – 18x) ÷ (x2 – 6x + 9)