NURSING CARE OF A FAMILY

WITH A PRESCHOOLER CHILD

 OBJECTIVES

*DESCRIBE NORMAL GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT AS WELL AS

COMMON PARENTAL CONCERNS OF PRESCHOOL PERIOD
*USE FOR CRITICAL THINKING TO ANALYZE METHODS OF CARE
FOR PRESCHOOL ERS TO BE CERTAIN CARE IS FAMILY
CENTERED.
*ASSESS PRESCHOOLERS FOR NORMAL GROWTH AND
DEVELOPMENT MILESTONES.
*PLAN NURSING CARE TO PRESCHOOLER’S GROWTH AND
DEVELOPMENT NEEDS, SUCH AS PLANNING AGE-
APPROPRIATED PLAY ACTIVITIES.
 PRESCHOOLER

THE MOST IMPORTANT YEARS OF LEARNING BEGIN AT BIRTH.

DURING THESE EARLY YEARS, HUMANS ARE CAPABLE OF
ABSORBING MORE INFORMATIONS THAN LATER ON. THE BRAIN
GROWS MOST RAPIDLY IN THE EARLY YEARS.
 PRESCHOOLER

AGES 3-6
ALSO KNOWN AS NURSERY PHYSICAL GROWTH SHOWS IN
SCHOOL,PRE PRIMARY THIS PERIOD.
SCHOOL,PLAY SCHOOL OR PERSONALITY AND
KINDERGARTEN. COGNITIVE GROWTH
CONTINUE
KINDERGARTEN-IS AN MOST OF THIS AGE CHILDREN
EDUCATIONAL WANT TO DO THINGS ON
ESTABLISHMENT OFFERING THEIR OWN
EARLY CHILDHOOD
EDUCATION TO BEGIN
COMPULSARY EDUCATION.
 GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF
PRESCHOOL

PHYSICAL GROWTH WEIGHT

A DEFINITE CHANGE IN BODY WEIGHT GAIN IS SLIGHTLY
CONTOUR OCCURS DURING DURING THE PRESCHOOL
THE PRESCHOOL YEARS. YEARS,
4.5LBS(2 KG) A YEAR-AVERAGE
GAIN WEIGHT.
ECTOMORPHIC HEIGHT
SLIM BODY TYPE MINIMAL DURING THIS PERIOD
ENDOMORPHIC 2-3.5 IN A YEAR
LARGE BODY TYPE 20 DECIDOUS TEETH BY AGE
OF 3
 DEVELOPMENTAL MILESTONES

EVERY YEAR DURING THE THE PRESCHOOL PERIOD MARKS A

MAJOR STEP FORWARD IN GROSS MOTOR,FINE MOTOR. AND
LANGUAGE DEVELOPMEMNT.
PLAY ACTIVITIES CHANGE FOCUS AT THE PRESCHOOLER
LEARNS NEW SKILLS AND UNDERSTANDS MORE ABOUT THE
WORLD
 DEVELOPMENTAL MILESTONE

AGE FINE GROSS LANGUAGE PLAY

MOTOR MOTOR
3 UNDRESSES RUNS,ALTER VOCABULAR ABLE TO
SELF,STACKS NATES FEET Y OF 900 TAKE TURNS
TOWER OF ON WORDS VERY
BLOCKS, STAIRS,STAN IMAGINATIV
DRAWS A DING ON E
CROS ONE FOOT.
4 CAN DO CONSTANTL VOCABULAR PRETENDING
SIMPLE Y IN Y OF 1500 IS MAJOR
BUTTONS MOTION,JUM WORDS ACTIVITY
PS AND SKIP
5 DRAWS A 6 THROWS VOCABULAR LIKES
PART OVERHAND Y OF 2100 GAMES WITH
MAN,CAN WORDS NUMBERS
LACE SHOES AND
LETTERS
 EMOTIONAL DEVELOPMENT

CHILDREN CHANGE A GREAT DEVELOPMENTAL

DEAL IN THEIR ABILITY TO TASK(INITIATIVE VS GUILT)
UNDERSTAND THE WORLD A CHILD WITH A WELL
AND HOW THEY RELATE TO DEVELOPED SENSE OF
PEOPLE DURING PRESCHOOL INITIATIVE HAS DISCOVERED
YEARS. THAT LEARNING NEW THINGS
IS FUN.
WHEN A CHILD IS PUNISHED
FOR ATTEMPTS OF INITIATIVE
THEY DEVELOP A SENSE OF
GUILT FOR WANTING TO TRY
NEW THINGS OR ACTIVITIES.
 DEVELOPMENTAL TASK

TO GAIN SENSE OF INITIATIVE

PRESCHOOLERS NEED MORE
EXPOSURE TO WIDE VARIETY OF
EXPERIENCES AND PLAY
MATERIALS SO THEY CAN LEARN
AS MUCH AS ABOUT THE WOLRD
AS POSSIBLE.
THIS ACTIVITIES ENHANCES THE
VOCABULARY OF
PRESCHOOLER.S
IMMITATIONS
PRESCHOOLERS NEED FREE TO
IMITATE THE ROLE OF PEOPLE
AROUND THEM.
ROLE PLAYING
 OEDIPUS AND ELECTRA
COMPLEXES

OVERSTATED BY FREUD GENDER ROLES

BECAUSE OF GENDER BIAS, PRESCHOOLERS NEED
EXPOSURE TO AN ADULT OF
OEDIPUS THE OPPOSITE GENDER
SOTHEY CAN BECOME
REFERS TO THE STRONG
FAMILIAR WHICH OPPOSITE
EMOTIONAL ATTACHMENT OF
GENDER ROLES.
A BOY TO HIS MOTHER
ELECTRA COMPLEX
STRONG EMOTIONAL
ATTACHMENT OF A GIRL TO
HER FATHER
 SOCIALIZATION

-3 YEAR OLD-CAPABLE OF SHARING,THEY PLAY WITH

OTHER.ITS A SENSITIVE AND CRITICAL TIME FOR
SOCIALIZATION.
-4 YEAR OLD-CONTINUE TO PLAY WITH GROUPS,MAY BECOME
INVOLVED TO ARGUMENTS ESPECIALLY TO THEIR ROLE IN THE
GROUP
-5 YEAR OLD-BEGIN TO DEVELOP FRIENDSHIP
 COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT

ACCORDING TO PIAGET AT THE AGE OF 3 THE COGNITIVE

DEVELOPMENT OF PRESCHOOL IS STILL PREOPERATIONAL
_THEY LACK THE INSIGTH TO VIEW THEMSELVES AS OTHERS
SEE THEM PUT THEMSELVES IN OTHERS PLACE.
PRESCHOOLER IS ALSO NOT YET AWARE OF THE PROPERTY OF
CONSERVATION.
 MORAL AND SPIRITUAL
DEVELOPMENT

PRESCHOOL AGE DETERMINE RIGHT FROM WRONG BASED OMN

THEIR PARENTS RULES.
PRESCHOOLERS BEGIN TO HAVE AN ELEMENT OF CONCEPT OF
GOD IF THEY HAVE BEEN PROVIDED SOME FORM OF RELIGIOUS
TRAINING .
PRESCHOOLERS ENJOY THE SECURITY OF RELIGIOUS HOLIDAYS
AND RELIGIOUS RITUALS SUCH AS PRAYER AND GRACE BEFORE
MEALS BECAUSE THESE RITUALS OFFER THEM REASSURANCE
AND SECURITY AS A FAMILIAR NURSERY RHYMES.
 KEEPING CHILDREN SAFE,
STRONG. AND FREE

PRESCHOOL YEARS ARE NOT > WARNING A CHILD NEVER TO

TO EARLY A TIME TO EDUCATE TALK WITH OR ACCEPT RIDE
CHILDREN ABOUT POTENTIAL FROM A STRANGER.
THREAT OF HARM FROM > TEACHING A CHILD HOW TO
STRANGERS OR EVEN HOW TO CALL FOR HELP FOR EMERGENCY
ADDRESS BULLYING > DESCRIBING WHAT POLICE
BEHAVIORS FROM PEOPLE OFFICERS LOOK LIKE
THEY MEET AT PRESCHOOL OR > EXPLAINING THAT BULLYING
AT PLAY. BEHAVIOR FROM OTHER
CHILDREN IS NOT TO BE
TOLERATED AND SHOULD BE
REPORTED SO THEY CAN
RECEIVE HELP MANAGING IT.
 KEEPING CHILDREN SAFE.
STRONG. AND FREE

M O TO R V E H I C L E A N D PROMOTING NUTRITIONAL
BICYCLE SAFETY H E A LT H O F T H E P R E S C H O O L

TELL THEM TO LOOK BEFORE PRESCHOOLER ARE MOST

CROSSING DRIVEWAYS
TEACH CHILD TO ALWAYS
HOLD HANDS WITH A
GROWNUP BEFORE CROSSING
A STREET
CHILDREN SHOULD WEAR
HELMETS WHEN RIDING A
MOTORCYCLE OR BICYCLE
HUNGRY AFTER SCHOOL AND
ENJOY A SNACK WHEN THEY
ARRIVE HOME.
PARENTS SHOULD MAKE
MEALTIME A HAPPY AND
ENJOYABLE PART OF THE DAY.
 KEEPING CHILDREN SAFE,
STRONG, AND FREE

R E C O M M E N D E D D I E TA RY VEGETARIAN DIET IS USUALLY

R E F E R E N C E I N TA K E S COLORFUL AND THEREFORE APPEALS
TO PRESCHOOLER .
FOR PRESCHOOLERS FOODS
SHOULD BE SELECTED BASED
ON FOOD PYRAMID GROUPS.
PRESCHOOLERS TAKE
SUPPLEMENTARY VITAMINS
BECAUSE THEY EAT A LITTLE.
PROMOTING NUTRITIONAL
HEALTH WITH A VEGETARIAN
DIET
 PROMOTING DEVELOPMENT OF THE
PRESCHOOLER IN DAILY ACTIVITIES

DRESSING SLEEP

3-4 YEARS OLD CAN DRESS PRESCHOOLER ARE AWARE OF

THEMSELVES EXCEPT FOR
DIFFICULT BUTTONS,
ALTHOUGH THERE MAY BE A
CONFLICT OVER WHAT A
CHILD WILL WEAR.
PRESCHOOLERS PREFER
BRIGHT COLORS AND PRINTS
AND SO MAY SELECT ITEMS
THAT DO NOT MATCH
THEIR NEEDS WHEM THEY
ARE TIRED,THEY FALL ASLEEP
EVERYWHERE.
PRESCHOOLER WHO ATTEND
AFTERNON CLASS GIVE UP
AFTERNOON NAPS.
THEY ARE AFRAID OF DARK
SO THEY NEED LIGHT WHEN
THEY SLEEP AT NIGHT
 PROMOTING DEVELOPMENT OF THE
PRESCHOOLER IN DAILY ACTIVITIES

EXERCISE CARE OF THE TEETH

PRESCHOOL PERIOD IS AN INDEPENDENT

ACTIVE PHASE SO THEY TOOTHBRUSHING WAS NOT
RECEIVE A GREAT DEAL STARTED AS DAILY PRACTICE
EXERCISE. DURING INFANT OR TOODLER
PLAYING ACTIVE GAMES YEARS IT SHOULD BE STARTED
REDUCE WATCHING TV CAN BY PRESCHOOL YEARS.
HELP CHILDREN DEVELOP ONE GOOD TOOTHBRUSHING
MOTOR SKILLS AND PERIOD A DAY IS MORE OFTEN
PREVENTING CHILDHOOD EFFECTIVE THAN FREQUENT
OBESITY. ONE.
 CARE OF TEETH

EATING APPLE, CARROTS, CELERY CHICKEN OR CHEESE FOR

SNACKS RATHER THAN CANDY OR SWEETS CAN BE A WAY TO
PREVENT TOOTH DECAY.

2 ½ YEARS OF AGE FIRST VISIT TO THE DENTIST FOR

EVALUATION OF TOOTH FORMATION.

NIGHT GRINDING OR BRUXISM IS A HABIT OF MANY YOUNG

CHILDREN.TEETH GRINDING MAY BE A WAY OF LETTING
GO.RELEASE TENSION AND ALLOW THEMSELVES TO FALL
ASLEEP.
 PROMOTING HEALTHY FAMILY
FUNCTION

IN PRESCHOOL AGE PARENTS ARE HAVING A HARD TIME BEING A

PARENT’S BECAUSE MORE FLEXIBILITY AND CREATIVITY ARE
REQUIRED.

THE MAJOR PARENTAL ROLE DURING THIS TIME IS TO ENCOURAGE

VOCABULARY DEVELOPMENT.
READ ALOUD TO A CHILD

ANSWERING A QUESTION SO A CHILD SEES LANGUAGE AS AN

ORGANIZED SYSTEM OF COMMUNICATION.
PRESCHOOLER HAVE DEFINITE OPINIONS ON THINGS THAT BRING
OPPOSITION TO THE PARENT.
A MAJOR PARENTAL ROLE IS TO GUIDE CHILD TRU THESE STRUGGLES
WITHOUT ENCOURAGING THE CHILD’S RIGHT TO HAVE AN OPINION.
 PARENTAL CONCERNS ASSOCIATED
WITH THE PRESCHOOL PERIOD

C O M M O N H E A LT H P R O B L E M S COMMON FEARS OF THE

OF THE PRESCHOOL PRESCHOOLER

MORTALITY OF CHILDREN PRESCHOOLER’S

DURING PRESCHOOL IS LOW IMAGINATION IS ACTIVE IT
AND BECOMING LOWER CAN LEAD TO A NUMBER OF
EVERY YEAR AS MORE FEARS.
INFECTIOUS DISEASES ARE FEAR OF THE DARK
PREVENTABLE.
MUTILATION
COMMON MINOR ILLNESSES
SEPARATION OR
COLDS,EAR INFECTION,FLU. ABANDONMENT
 BAHAVIOR VARIATIONS
T E L L I N G TA L L TA L E S
STRETCHING STORIES TO
MAKE THEM SEEM MORE
INTERESTING IS A
PHENOMENON FREQUENTLY
ENCOUNTERED IN THIS AGE.
IMAGINARY
FRIENDS
ARE NORMAL AND CREATIVE
PART OF PRESCHOOLERS AND
CAN BE INVENTED BY
CHILDREN WHO ARE
SURROUNDED BY REAL
PLAYMATES AS WELL AS BY
THOSE WHO HAVE FEW
FRIENDS.
 BEHAVIOR VARIATIONS
D I F F I C U LT Y S H A R I N G
SHARING IS A CONCEPT THAT
FIRST COMES TO BE
UNDERSTOOD AROUND AGE
OF 3.
PARENTS NEED TO
ACCOMPANY EXPERIENCES
WITH SHARING WITH
EXPERIENCES IN LEARNING
PROPERTY RIGHTS
S I B L I N G R I VA L RY
JEALOUSY MAY FIRST BECOME
EVIDENT DURING THE
PRESCHOOL PERIOD.
THIS OCCURS BECAUSE THE
CHILD HAVE ENOUGH
VOVABULARY TO EXPRESS
HOW THEY FEEL AND BECAUSE
PRESCHOOLERS ARE MORE
AWARE OF FAMILY ROLES AND
RESPONSIBLITIES ARE DIVIDED.
 BEHAVIOR VARIATIONS
S I B L I N G R I VA L RY
TO HELP PRESCHOOLERS FEEL
SECURE AND PROMOTE SELF
ESTEEM, SUPPLYING
THEMWITH A PRIVATE
DRAWER OR BOX FOR THEIR
THINGS.THIS CAN HELP
DEFEND THEIR POSSESSIONS
AGAINST YOUNGER CHILDREN
WHO DO NOT APPRECIATE
THEIR PROPERTY OF RIGHTS.
P R E PA R I N G F O R A N E W
SIBLING
INTRODUCTION OF A NEW
SIBLING IS SUCH A MAJOR
HAPPENING THAT PARENTS
NEED TO TAKE SPECIAL STEPS
TO BE CERTAIN THEIR
PRESCHOOLER WILL BE
PREPARED.
 BEHAVIOR VARIATIONS

CHOOSING A PRESCHOOL P R E PA R I N G A C H I L D F O R
OR CHILD CARE CENTER SCHOOL

BESURE THAT PARENTS FINALLY GOING TO SCHOOL IS

INVESTIGATE PRESCHOOLS A FORM OF SEPARATION AND
OR CHILD CARE CENTERS A NEW EXPERIENCE IF A
CAREFULLY BEFORE THEY CHILD HAS NOT ATTENTED
ENROLL THEIR CHILD TO BE CHILD CARE OR PRESCHOOL
CERTAIN THEIR CHILD WILL SO PARENTS MUST MAKE
BE SAFE AND HAVE AN PREPARATIONS FOR THIS.
ENJOYABLE EXPERIENCE. A CHILD MUST BE
PHYSICALLY MENTALLY AND
EMOTIONALLY PREPARED.
 BEHAVIOR VARIATIONS

BROKEN FLUENCY BROKEN FLUENCY

DEVELOPING LANGUAGE IS IT IS THE REPETITION AND

SUCH A COMPLICATED PROLONGATION OF SOUNDS
PROCESS THAT CHILDREN SYLLABLES AND WORDS.
FROM 2-6 OF AGE TYPICALLY IT IS ALSO REFFERED TO
HAVE SOME SPEECH SECONDARY STUTTERING
DIFFICULTY. BEC. THE CHILD BEGAN TO
SPEAK WITHOUT THIS
PROBLEM AND DEVELOPED
DURING PRESCHOOL AGE.