Lab- Question 1: Solve the following truss problem

•Find the deflection of the nodes.

•Determine the forces and stresses in each member.

•Determine the reaction forces at the supports.

𝐸 and 𝐴 values are the same for each member.

Notes:

There are 𝑁𝐸=3 elements and 𝑁𝑁=3 nodes.

•At each node there are 𝑁𝑁𝑈=2 unknown deflections. Totally there are 𝑁𝑈=6 unknowns (6DoF).
•4 of these unknowns are known. Nodes 1 and 2 are pinned support.
•We need to determine 2 displacements (horizontal and vertical) at node 3 and, the reaction forces at nodes 1 and 2.
Construct Element stiffness matrix (Global):

Element 1: cos𝜃=1 ;   cos  2 cos  sin    cos  

2
 cos  sin  
sin𝜃=0 
sin  
2
 sin   
2

EA  cos  sin   cos  sin 
 K eg    
L    cos  2  cos  sin  cos  
2
cos  sin  
 
 sin   sin   
2 2
  cos  sin  cos  sin 

Element 2: cos𝜃=0 ;
sin𝜃=1

Element 3: cos q= 1 / 2

Length =L sin q =1 / 2
 Assemble a GLOBAL stiffness matrix from all Elements 6
In general, the truss system has 6DoF, including all possible displacement (will be helpful with Matlab) 5
DoF 1 2 3 4 5 6

{ { }}
𝑑 𝐹
1
s 12 4
𝐹
𝑑 2 s 2
𝐹 1 3
𝑑
¿ 3
s 3

𝑑4𝐹 s 4

𝑑5𝐹 s 5

𝑑6𝐹 𝑠 6

DoF

DoF 1 2 3 4 DoF 1 2 5 6
DoF 3 4 5 6
1 1
3
2 2
4
3 5
5
4 6
6

DoF DoF
DoF
 {¿ ¿
6

}
𝑑 1
5
𝑑 2
𝑑 3
𝑑4
2 4
𝑑5
𝑑6 1 3

GLOBAL STIFFNESS MATRIX, K Displacements, d Forces, F

Kd=F

Notes: for mapping / assembling a global stiffness matrix

Depend on:
Impose Boundary Conditions: 6
d1  d 2  d 3  d 4  0

{¿ ¿
5

}
𝑑 1
𝑑 2 2 4
𝑑 3
1 3
𝑑4
𝑑5
𝑑6

Reduction can be applied to get the following 2x2 system

[ 0.3536
0.3536
0.3536
1.3536 ]{ } {
𝑑5
𝑑6
=
𝑃
−2 𝑃 }
𝑃𝐿
Solving this𝑑 5 =5.828
we get
𝐸𝐴
𝑃𝐿
𝑑 6 =− 3
𝐸𝐴
•Determine the forces and stresses in each member. 6

Element 2: [K2]  d = P 2 4

{ }
= 1
0 3
3 𝑃
0
− 3 𝑃
Element 3:

[K3]  d = P

Must use value in Local

coordinate
Homework

3
Move on MatLab Practice to solve the Truss
problem