AN_FIS

SISTEM
KARDIOVASK
ULER
Residen Spesialis Keperawatan Medikal Bedah FIK UI 2022
 Structure of the Cardiovascular System: Heart

Located in the Weighs less than a It is a pump consisting

of four chambers and
thoracic cavity pound and is four valves; its action is
between the lungs about the size of a controlled by electrical
human fist impulses initiating in the
cardiac muscle tissue.
 FUNCTION

Composed of the heart, a powerful muscular pump,

and blood vessels that send oxygen and nutrients to
all parts of the body via the bloodstream.

Waste products are also eliminated

from body tissues via the bloodstream

Helps regulate body temperature &

maintain body’s fluid balance
Structure of the Cardiovascular System: Blood vessels

Three types of blood vessels: arteries,

veins and capillaries

 Arteries: large blood vessels that

carry oxygen rich blood (?) away
from the heart
 Veins: carry deoxygenated (?)blood
to the heart from the tissues, and
waste products to other systems of
the body to be released
 Capillaries: delicate, microscopic
vessels that carry nutrient rich,
oxygenated blood from the arteries
to the body cells
Blood Circulation

Pulmonary Circulation

● Oxygen poor blood from body tissues enters

the right side of the heart via the venae
cavae (2 large veins) where it travels into the
pulmonary artery (only artery in the body
that carries oxygen poor blood); this
branches into two sections, one to each lung.

● Blood passes into the pulmonary capillaries

where it picks up oxygen rich blood and
then goes back through the heart to be
pumped to all areas of the body.
 Blood Circulation

Systemic Circulation

• Oxygen rich blood enters the left side of the

heart from the pulmonary veins.
• Blood is pumped via the aorta (largest artery
in the body) to other arteries that branch out to
all parts of the body via tissue capillaries near
body cells, where nutrients are broken down in
the presence of oxygen and energy is released.
• This chemical process releases carbon dioxide
as a waste product; this is taken back to the
lungs and the body releases it via exhalation.
• Other wastes are taken by the veins to be
eliminated by other systems in the body.
Pathway of Blood Through The Heart
 Conduction System Of The Heart
SA Node
Fatest rate of automaticity/ ”Primary” pacemaker
of the heart, Rate : 60 to 100 bpm.

AV Node
Has a delay which allows for atrial contraction
and a more filling of the ventricles. Rate : 40-
60 bpm (if not driven by the rate above)
Bundle of His
Has the ability to self-initiate electrical
activity, Rate : 40-60 bpm

Purkinje Fibers
Network of Fibers that carry electrical
impulses directly to ventricular muscle. Rate :
20—40 bpm (if not driven by the rate above)
 THANK
S!
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