GRADE 8 SCIENCE

TOPIC 2.2
HUMAN CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
MS. KIMBERLY M. CHUA
 LEARNING OBJECTIVE/S
At the end of the session, you are expected to:

1. describe the basic functions of the heart and circulatory system that
make up the cardiovascular system;
2. differentiate the two types of circulation; and
3. trace the path of a blood cell.
CIRCULATORY SYSTEM

Three main functions:

Transporting of substances

Controlling the body temperature

Protecting the body

WHAT ARE BEING CARRIED BY THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM?

carbon
dioxide

oxygen
 WHAT ARE THE TWO TYPES OF BLOOD?

oxygen-rich oxygen-poor
blood blood
l blood travelling l blood travelling
c to the body cells away from the body cells
l high oxygen content l low oxygen content
l low carbon dioxide l high carbon dioxide
content content
HOW DO SUBSTANCES MOVE AROUND THE BODY?

heart blood vessels blood

PARTS OF THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM

BLOOD VESSELS
PARTS OF THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM

BLOOD VESSELS

It carry nutrients and oxygen throughout

the body and aid in gas exchange.

Blood vessels can increase or decrease

blood flow near the surface of the body,
either increasing or reducing the amount
of heat lost as a means of regulating body
temperature.
 TYPES OF BLOOD VESSELS

blood from the heart blood to the heart

vein
artery
carries blood away carries blood back
from the heart into the heart

carries blood to and from

the body’s cells
PARTS OF THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM

HEART
PARTS OF THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM

HEART
It is surrounded by a protective membrane called pericardium.

It is a muscular pump located between lungs and above the

diaphragm.
It keeps pumping blood around the body and can pump about
10 000 liters of blood daily.

muscle tissue
 PARTS OF THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM

TWO SECTIONS OF THE HEART

right side left side

of the heart of the heart
oxygen-poor oxygen-rich
blood blood

Each section of the heart is called a chamber.

 FOUR CHAMBERS OF THE HEART

Atria are the collecting chambers of the heart.

right left
atrium atrium

right left
ventricle ventricle
Ventricles are the pumping chambers of the heart.
 THE CHAMBERS OF THE HEART

Right ventricle pumps Left ventricle pumps

blood to the lungs blood to the body

Right atrium collects Left atrium receives

blood from the body blood from the lungs
 PARTS OF THE HEART

Superior vena cava

receives deoxygenated blood main artery that carries blood
from upper part of the body
Aorta away from heart to the body
back to heart

Pulmonary artery
Pulmonary vein
carry blood from heart to lungs
carry blood from lungs to heart

Pulmonary semilunar valve

prevent back flow of blood into the RV
Bicuspid (mitral) valve
prevents reverse flow of blood
Tricuspid valve from LV to LA
prevents reverse flow of blood
from RV to RA
Aortic semilunar valve
Inferior vena cava prevents back flow of blood into the LV
receives deoxygenated blood
from lower body back to heart
PARTS OF THE HEART
PARTS OF THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM

BLOOD
PARTS OF THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM

BLOOD

It is only the fluid tissue in the body.

It is composed of 55% plasma and 45% formed

elements.

It transports O2, CO2, nutrients, hormones, heat

and wastes throughout the body.
 ELEMENTS OF THE BLOOD

blood cells and platelets float

 DIFFERENT BLOOD CELLS

red blood cells white blood cells platelets

erythrocytes leukocytes thrombocytes

It is a small, round, disc It is larger than RBC It is irregularly-shaped
shaped cells that deliver that protect the body colourless bodies that
oxygen to body tissues against foreign-invading help to repair tissues
and cells. substances. and close wounds.
HEART OF THE CITY
TWO TYPES OF CIRCULATION

Pulmonary Circulation

It carries blood to and from the lungs.

It is from right side of the heart through lungs to left side of heart.
Arteries carry blood low in O2 and high in CO2.
Veins carry blood high in O2 and low in CO2.

Systemic Circulation

It carries blood to and from the body tissues.

It is from left side of the heart through body to right side of heart.
Arteries carry blood high in O2 and low in CO2.
Veins carry blood low in O2 and high in CO2.
BLOOD FLOW
BLOOD CIRCULATION
 HOW DOES BLOOD CIRCULATE AROUND THE BODY?

lungs
Deoxygenated blood is
pumped from the heart
to the lungs through the
pulmonary artery.
Oxygenated blood returns
to the heart through the
pulmonary vein.

Oxygenated blood is
Deoxygenated blood pumped at high pressure
returns to the heart from the heart to the body
through the vena cava. through the aorta.
body’s
cells
SDG 3 GOOD HEALTH AND WELL-BEING
SDG 12 RESPONSIBLE CONSUMPTION AND PRODUCTION
 REFERENCES

o Hoefnagels, Marielle (2019). Second Edition: General Biology (Books I and II).
McGrawHill Education pages 535-544

o https://0-www.jove.com.ustlib.ust.edu.ph/science-education-library/67/circulatory-
and-pulmonary-systems
 LESSON SYNTHESIS
Today, you learned that…

1. The circulatory system delivers oxygen and nutrients to cells and takes away
wastes. It includes the heart, blood and blood vessels work together to service
the cells of the body.
2. Pulmonary and systematic circulation are the two types of circulations occur in
a double circulation system. The main difference is that pulmonary circulation
carries deoxygenated blood from heart to lungs and oxygenated blood back to
the heart whereas systemic circulation carries oxygenated blood from the heart
throughout the body and deoxygenated blood back to the heart.
3. Blood flows through the heart in the following order:
body- inferior/superior vena cava- right atrium- tricuspid valve- right ventricle-
pulmonary arteries- lungs- pulmonary veins- left atrium- mitral or bicuspid valve-
left ventricle- aortic valve- aorta- body.