MENTAL

SELF
.
Memory
Cognition • Often linked to a
The complex array of
computer system
mental process involved
in remembering, • Human memory is
perceiving, and thinking limited within
an how these processes specific conditions
employed ( Ashcraft • Can be corrupted by
&Radvansky, 2010) various factors
 3 Levels Of Memory Functions

Sensory Memory
Long term memory
Level that allows
Permanent and allows
information from Short term repeated retrievals
external environment to
be perceived by an
memory across situations
Information is Information can be held
individual thru the
indefinitely
senses, usually in the temporarily stored
Coverage:
form of chemical and 10 to 15 seconds up  Explicit and implicit
physical stimuli to one minute memory
Attention- a critical
factor in the transfer of
Store up to 5-9  Declarative
items procedural memory
information from
 Episodic and
sensory to short-term
semantic memory
memory.
 Intelligence
Individuals capacity for understanding , learning, planning and problem solving
with logic, creativity, and self- awareness.

According to Stenberg, intelligence is a mental activity directed toward purposive

adaptation to, selection and shaping of, real-world environment relevant to one’s
life.

Things to remember:
Individuals are born with innate intellectual ability harnessed in various context.

Intelligence is not confined to the academic context

 Howard Gardner’s Theory of Multiple Intelligence

Verbal
Linguistic Logical-
Visual-spatial Musical
Ability to analyze mathematical
Ability to Ability to
information and Ability to
produce and
produce output understand and analyze make meaning of
that involves oral answer graphical different types of
and written mathematical information sounds
language equations
Continuation…….

Bodily-
Naturalistic
kinesthetic Interpersonal
Ability to
Ability to use Ability to be Intrapersonal
identify and
one’s body to sensitive of other Ability to self-
distuinguish people’s thoughts introspect
create product
aspects of the and emotions
or solve
natural world
problems
•.

Componential Experiential( Creati

(Analytical) Triarchic ve)
Includes abstract Theory Of Divergent thinking
thinking and logical and ability to deal
reasoning, verbal and
Intelligence
with novel situations
mathematical skills

Contextual( Practica
l)
Being street smart,
ability to apply
knowledge to the
real world and shape
or choose an
environment
 Fourteen Intelligent Behavior
1. Persistent
- not giving up when the answer to a problem is not immediately known.
2. Overcoming Impulsiveness
- involves planning, clarifying goals, exploring alternative strategies, and
considering consequences before one begins a task
3. Listening to others
- listening to another person and understanding their point of view is one
of the highest forms of intelligent behavior
4. Flexibility in thinking

-one considers other point of view rather than running with the first
thought that comes to mind

5. Metacognition

-awareness of how one is thinking or the knowledge of what is going

on in one’s head

6. Checking for accuracy and precision

- it is the behavior of not letting speed surpass the desire for

craftsmanship
7. Questioning and problem-posing
- asking questions and finding out problems for oneself
8. Applying past knowledge to new situations
- act of calling upon one’s store of knowledge and experience as
a source of data, theories or processes to solve each new challenge.
9. Precision of language and thought
- using descriptive terms to distuinguish objects, and provide
criteria for value judgement
10. Using all the senses

- for solving problems

11. Creativity

- applying ingenuity, originality and insight.

12. Living with a sense of wonderment

- involved in this behavior are inquisitiveness, curiosity, and openness

to beauty, intricacy, complexity and simplicity
13. Cooperation
- taking advantage of the knowledge and insights that can only come as a
result of social relationships

14. Sense of humor

-being able to look at situations, opportunities, problems and
relationships with nonchalance and fun.