Chapter-7

“Ionic Compounds and

Metals”
Section-1
“Ion Formation”
Textbook pg.206
Valence Electrons and Chemical
Bonds
◦ A chemical bond is the force that holds two atoms
together.
◦ Formation of chemical bond:

Chemical bonds form by two types of attraction.

1. Attraction between the positive nucleus of one atom

and the negative electrons of another atom. Or

2. Attraction between positive ions and negative ions.

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Education Ion Formation
 ◦ Octet Rule states that atoms lose, gain, or share electrons
to fille their outermost shell with 8 valance electrons.

◦ Electron dot structure/ diagram shows the

valence electrons for an atom using dots around
an atomic symbol.

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Education Ion Formation
 valence electrons of an
atom are the electrons
located in the highest Valence electrons are
occupied principal energy primarily responsible for
level. the chemical properties of
elements.
OR
Valence electrons are the
electrons in the outermost
shell, or energy level, of an
atom.

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McGraw-Hill
Education Ion Formation
Cation & Anion
Positive Ion Formation

◦ Cation is a positively charged ion.

◦ Metals lose electrons to become stable.
◦ This figure illustrates how sodium loses one valence electron
to become a sodium cation.
Negative Ion Formation

◦ An anion is a negatively charged ion.

◦ Nonmetals gain the number of electrons required to fill an octet.

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Education Ion Formation