KURSUS ASAS

KUALITI AIR DAN

PENGENDALIAN
ALATAN MAKMAL

25-27 Januari 2023

PENCERAMAH
RAJA NORAZILLA RAJA YUNUS
DR ZUMMY DAHRIA MOHAMED BASRI
 OBJEKTIF KURSUS
Mempertingkatkan pengetahuan sedia ada serta kemahiran
kompetensi para tenaga pengajar teknikal berkaitan dengan
Kualiti Air dan Air sisa.
Melatih tenaga pengajar untuk membina lembaran kerja
amali yang lebih praktikal bersesuaian dengan tahap
kompetensi para pelajar peringkat diploma.
 TENTATIF PROGRAM
10.00-10.30
Masa/ 8.30pg -10.00 pg pagi 10.30 pg-12.45 pagi 1.00- 2.05 ptg–6.00 ptg
tarikh 2.00 ptg

Perjalanan Pendaftaran peserta

Rabu Pengenalan Makmal Kualiti Air
(25/1/2023)
Khamis pengenalan kepada Rehat Demonstrasi ujikaji insitu Rehat - Demonstrasi
alat ujikaji air dan dan ujikaji JAR Dan Persampelan air
(26/1/2023) airsisa - ujikaji COD dan BOD
- Analisis data dan perbincangan
data merujuk kepada Standard
Kualiti Air

(27/1/2023) Check out

Jumaat
 DRINKING WATER VS WASTE WATER

DRINKING WATER WASTEWATER

is water that is used in drink or food Wastewater is used water that has
preparation; potable water is water that is been affected by domestic, industrial
safe to be used as drinking water. and commercial use.

The amount of drinking water required to The composition of all wastewaters is

maintain good health varies, and thus constantly changing and highly
depends on physical activity level, age, variable, which is why it is so difficult to
health-related issues, and environmental pinpoint a singular definition of the word
conditions. itself.
 Type of Wastewater
Wastewater Description
Domestic or sanitary liquid discharge from:
– Residences
– Business buildings
– Institutions
Industrial wastewater -discharge from manufacturing plants
- properties depends on the type of industry using
the water.
- Some industrial wastewaters can be treated the
same as domestic wastes without difficulty.

Municipal wastewater liquid collected in sanitary sewers and treated in a

municipal plant.
 Type of Wastewater
Wastewater Description
Infiltration and inflow Unwanted and excessive flow

Storm runoff water - Excessive rainwater/ precipitation. Collected in a

separate storm sewer system
- Carries trash and other pollutants from streets, as
well as pesticides and fertilizers from yards and fields.
- Great amounts of storm water can interfere with
treatment efficiency in two ways:
 may cause too much dilution of the wastewater.
may cause hydraulic overloading of the plant.
Wastewater Parameter
Properties Parameter
Physical Total solids
Total suspended solids
Temperature
pH
Colour
Odour
Chemical Carbohydrates
Proteins
Lipids
Fats, oils, grease Organic
BOD5, COD, TOC, TOD
Alkalinity
Heavy metals
Nutrients N, P
Chlorides Inorganic
Sulphur
Gases (e.g. Hydrogen sulphide)
Microbiological Bacteria
Algae
Protozoa
Viruses
Coliform
 DRINKING WATER PARAMETER
GROUP II GROUP Ill
GROUP 1 PHYSICAL:
 MICROBIOLOGICAL INORGANIC:
1 MERCURY(TOTAL)
2 CADMIUM
 TOTAL COLIFORM 1. TURBIDITY
3 ARSENIC
 E. coli OR
2. COLOUR 1 TOTAL DISSOLVED 4 CYANIDE
3. pH SOLIDS
THERMOTOLERANT 5 LEAD
4. FREE RESIDUAL 2 CHLORIDE
 COLIFORM BACTERIA 6 CHROMIUM
CHLORINE
3 AMMONIA (as N) 7 COPPER
 FAECAL STREPTOCOCCI 5. COMBINED
4 NITRATE (as N) 8 ZINC
 RESIDUAL
5 CLOSTRIDIUM 5 IRON 9 SODIUM
PERFRINGENS 6. CHLORINE
6 FLUORIDE 10 SULPHATE
7. MONOCHL.ORAMINE
 6 VIRUSES 7 HARDNESS
 7 PROTOZOA 8 ALUMINIUM
 8 HELMINTHS 9 MANGANESE
PARAMETER AIR BAWAH TANAH
Standard Kualiti Air Tanah Bagi Rawatan Air Mentah Secara
Konvensional (Air Minum)
Standard Kualiti Air
Tanah untuk
Kegunaan Pertanian
MALAYSIA
MARINE WATER
QUALITY
STANDARD
PARAMETER LIMITS
OF EFFLUENT OF
STANDARDS A AN0 B
 Manual Grab Sampling
 Manual sampling is a technique used for collecting grab
samples for immediate on-site field analysis.
 Manual sampling is preferred over the use of automatic
equipment over extended periods of time, especially when it is
necessary to observe and/or note unusual conditions.
 How to grab
sample of water?
WATER SAMPLING
WATER SAMPLING
Bottle sample
 A sample transport box on arrival at the laboratory,
samples for bacteriological analysis should be placed in a
refrigerator and analysis should be started within 2 hours.

 Any samples arriving more than 24 hours after they were

collected or arriving unchilled more than 2 hours after
they were collected, should be discarded.
Preservation techniques

 CARA STORAGE AIR SAMPEL

Preservation
techniques
Preservation
techniques
Preservation
techniques
 Equipment for water and
waste water testing

JAR TEST
Turbidity Meter
pH Meter
 BOD TEST
EQUIPMENT

BOD
BOTTLE

INCUBATOR
DO METER

Aluminium Foil
 COD TEST
EQUIPMENT

COD VIAL
RACK

COD
REACTOR
SPECTROPHOTOME
TER PIPET 1.0ml
 PENGURUSAN FASILITI DI MAKMAL
KUALITI AIR

Tempat penyimpanan sementara bahan kimia

Label pada tong sisa mengikut jenis sisa
PANDUAN GARISAN BERKOD
 PPE COMPLIANCE FOR
LABORATORY/WORKSHOPCIVIL ENGINEERING
DEPT

# PPE Compliance perlu berada pada peralatan atau mesin yang

memerlukan pemakaian PPE semasa mengendalikannya. Ia juga WAJIb
digunakan semasa mengendalikan bahan kimia.
DEMOSTRATION
SESSION
 EXPERIMENT
1.INSITU
TEMPERATURE
DO
TURBIDITY
pH

2. BOD
3. COD
4. JAR TEST