Module 5.

2
GLOBAL DEMOGRAPHY
 01 Learning Outcomes

02 Activity
TABLE
OF 03 Discussion

CONTEN
TS 04 Conclusion
 INTENDED LEARNING OUTCOMES

At the end of this section, you are expected to:

1. identify the different international issues and
trends in global population;
2. synthesize the concept of globalization in
relation to demography and population; and
3. explain the theory of demographic transition
and its effects on global population.
DIAGNOSTICS

Instructions: Explain the following terms:

1. Demography
2. Population
3. Multipolar world
 Demography is the study of human populations – their size,
composition and distribution across space – and the process through
which populations change. Births, deaths and migration are the ‘big
three’ of demography, jointly producing population stability or
change.
 A population is defined as a group of individuals of the same species
living and interbreeding within a given area. Members of a
population often rely on the same resources, are subject to similar
environmental constraints, and depend on the availability of other
members to persist over time.
 A multipolar world is a system in which power is distributed at least
among 3 significant poles concentrating wealth and/or military
capabilities and able to block or disrupt major political arrangements
threatening their major interests. A pole is an actor capable of
producing order or generating disorder . Within a multipolar world, a
pole could be defined as an actor which has influence on global
outcomes beyond its own borders.
 His experiences thought
him that the 21st century
is becoming more
globalized and
interconnected.

Change is inevitable
because of the
flattening of the
world.

Friedman (2005)

Result of
globalization
 New Trend in International
Relations
 Technological innovation
 comprises activities that contribute to the research, development
and design of new products, services or techniques, or to
improving existing products, and generates new technological
knowledge.
 Economic cooperation
 is when two or more countries work together to develop their
economies through trade, financial help, etc.
 Political alliance in the international arena
 A political alliance, also known as a coalition or bloc, is
cooperation by members of different political parties, in countries
with a parliamentary system, on a common agenda of some kind.
 This usually involves formal agreements between two or more
entire parties.
 Globalization is the continual
increase in transnational and
worldwide economic, social, and
cultural interactions that surpass
boundaries of states which
altogether generates political
implications (Viotti and Kauppi,
2013).
DEMOGRAPHY
 is a field in statistics
that is concerned with
births, deaths, income,
or the incidence of
disease, which later
illustrates the
changing structure of
human populations.
 In the context of political science, demography is a
statistical study to determine world population that can be
used as a tool to identify certain phenomenon in
geopolitics, public administration and others.
Global Civil Society
 The result of the changing perspective on technology and
technological advancements and the movement of international
organizations (IQs).
 This idea was seen during the '90s as “a mosaic of new groups,
organizations, and movements that started to appear, which
both sought to challenge or resist what was seen as corporate
globalization and create articulate models of social, economic,
and political development” (Heywood, 2011).
 Its formation is a result of a backlash against free-market
capitalism.
 It is where transnational non-governmental organizations and
social movements operate and offer an alternative to
transnational corporations.
 Its role in global demography is its salient influence on
institutional decision-making, affecting the populations at large.
 is about the trends and practices in world politics.
 It is the study of the issues and developments of the
global population.
 Basically it lays out the present condition of the world
and its population.
 Is a series of events in population growth, fertility, and
mortality rate for the past years, decades, and
centuries.
 Demography is currently in transition;
the mortality rate declined followed by
fertility, causing population growth
rates to accelerate and then to slow
down again. This demographic
transition leads to low fertility, long life,
and an old population (Ronald
Lee ,2003).
Causes of Transition in
Global Demography

Historical events
(colonialism, inter-war
Formal Migration
reduction, and post-
world war migration)

Development from
pre-industrial to
industrialized
economy
 The transition to low mortality rate was
influenced by the reduction of contagious and
infectious diseases caused by advancements
in medicine and improved nutrition because
What of the presence of local and international
led to markets due to better transportation of goods.
low
The preference over child survival than
fertility number of child births and the assumption
rate? that raising children is more costly than the
consumption of goods, as children render less
economic contributions due to years spent on
education.
Some Trends in Global Demography

1. Economic bubble in some parts of the world

2. Wars in different states of every region

3. The existence of transnational crimes

4. Climate change

5. Migration
 Since globalization has something to do with the population
demand of a state, its effect on demography in terms of
overpopulation must be noted.
 Aside from increasing birth rate, excessive movements of
people from one place to another are also a factor in
overpopulation.
 International migration is becoming more tremendous.
 Population is part of human demography and since the world
is shrinking, this condition develops a concept of a globalized
world wherein a state population transcends into global
population.
 In the Philippine context, overpopulation did not manifest.
However, some experts in local or internal migration suggest
that due to the promise of a good quality of living, Filipinos
from rural areas move to cities thus causing overpopulation.
 Internal migration may cause overpopulation in some areas
of the country.