Beams

Prepared to Dr. Randa Fouad

by: Youssef Amr 20196033
Moataz Ashraf 20196440
Ali Mahmoud 20196230
Mohamed Abdelhamid 20176621
TABLE OF CONTENT:

- Introduction
- What is a construction beam used for?
- What are constriction beams made of?
- The different types of beams
Introduction:
Beams are an important component in engineering. They
are structural elements that carry loads and distribute them
along their length. Beams are commonly used in
buildings, bridges, and other structures to support loads
and provide stability. They come in various shapes and
sizes, such as I-beams and rectangular beams.
Engineers analyze factors like material strength and load
distribution to design beams that can withstand the
required loads.
Beams are like the backbone of structures. They help
distribute weight and keep everything stable.
Different types of beams have different strengths and
uses. For example, I-beams are great for supporting heavy
loads
Engineers consider factors like material properties, beam
dimensions, and load distribution to design beams that can
handle the required loads.
What beams used for?
Construction beams are structural elements used
in buildings, and they resist loads applied
laterally to their axis.
They are characterized by the manner of their
supports, shape of the cross-section, length,
material, and equilibrium conditions.
Beams transfer loads applied on their length to
the endpoint and transmit the load to a column,
wall, or foundation.
The mode of deflection of beams is primarily by
bending. Beams withstand shear forces, bending
moments, and vertical loads.
What are beams made of?

There are different types of construction beams

based on the choice of the construction material
like reinforced concrete, timber, steel, and fiber-
reinforced polymeric materials.
Reinforced concrete beams are made when steel
bars are embedded along the length of a structural
member to increase the structure's tensile strength.
These are the most common beam types.
On the other hand, steel beams are made from steel
and molded into different shapes. Standard steel
beams are I-beams, H-beams, W and S sections,
rectangular hollow sections, plate girders, and
circular hollow sections.
Steel is a suitable material when constructing
beams over long spans, and we also use it in
making composite beams of concrete and steel.
The different types of beams:

1- TRUSSED BEAM.

This is a stiffened beam by a system of braces

to form a truss and a bottom chord.
A trussed beam is made of steel. These beams
are used when there is a lot of weight to be
supported across vast spaces. A good example is
in industrial buildings where there is a need for
more space for working areas. Trussed beams
span from 10 to 100 meters, depending on the
building type. Trussed beams provide
reasonable economical solutions for buildings
with spans over 25 meters. Sections in trussed
beams should be symmetrical to cater to
bending on the vertical plane of the truss. We
connect the members of these beams through
bolting or welding.
2- REINFORCED CONCRETE
BEAMS:

Reinforced concrete is a composite

material made from concrete and steel
bars. Steel bars are added to increase the
relatively low ductility and tensile
strength of concrete, and the
reinforcement usually is passively
embedded before the concrete sets. These
are the most widely used beams in
construction. Reinforced concrete is
advantageous as it can take high
compressive stresses. These beams take
loads from walls and slabs and transmit
them to columns. Reinforced concrete
beams carry vertical and horizontal loads.
3- STEEL BEAM:

Their specifications depend on their shapes

and sizes. Steel beams are classified
depending on their cross-sections into I-
beams, T-beams, channels, and broad
flange sections, and these beams can be
straight or curved.
Compared to other beams, steel beams
have several advantages. Some advantages
are that rodents or termites cannot attack
these beams.
It has the high load strength of beams more
than concrete but the disadvantage of it
cant resist fire like concrete but for the
strength it will be on top of them.
Thank you