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  • 6 Classes and Uses of Organic Compounds Jan 3-5-2024

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    mariechoy catallori
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    The document discusses organic compounds, describing them as carbon-containing compounds that can be natural or synthetic. It identifies several general classes of organic compounds including hydrocarbons, halocarbons, alcohols, ethers, and provides details about each class, such as their chemical formulas and functional groups. Hydrocarbons are classified as saturated or unsaturated, and further divided based on carbon bonding. Halocarbons are formed when hydrogen is replaced by halogen atoms in hydrocarbons. Alcohols contain a hydroxyl functional group, and can be primary, secondary or tertiary based on carbon bonding. Ethers are formed when two hydrocarbons bond to the same oxygen atom.

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    The document discusses organic compounds, describing them as carbon-containing compounds that can be natural or synthetic. It identifies several general classes of organic compounds including hydrocarbons, halocarbons, alcohols, ethers, and provides details about each class, such as their chemical formulas and functional groups. Hydrocarbons are classified as saturated or unsaturated, and further divided based on carbon bonding. Halocarbons are formed when hydrogen is replaced by halogen atoms in hydrocarbons. Alcohols contain a hydroxyl functional group, and can be primary, secondary or tertiary based on carbon bonding. Ethers are formed when two hydrocarbons bond to the same oxygen atom.

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    1 views58 pages

    6 Classes and Uses of Organic Compounds Jan 3-5-2024

    Uploaded by

    mariechoy catallori
    The document discusses organic compounds, describing them as carbon-containing compounds that can be natural or synthetic. It identifies several general classes of organic compounds including hydrocarbons, halocarbons, alcohols, ethers, and provides details about each class, such as their chemical formulas and functional groups. Hydrocarbons are classified as saturated or unsaturated, and further divided based on carbon bonding. Halocarbons are formed when hydrogen is replaced by halogen atoms in hydrocarbons. Alcohols contain a hydroxyl functional group, and can be primary, secondary or tertiary based on carbon bonding. Ethers are formed when two hydrocarbons bond to the same oxygen atom.

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    of 58

    Pick the Organic!

    Why are they organic compounds?


    Organic Compounds

    carbon-containing compounds
    Not all compounds that contain
    carbon are organic. Ex: CO2
    present in living things as well as
    nonliving things
    can be natural or synthetic
    GENERAL CLASSES OF
    ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    HYDROCARBONS HALOCARBONS ALCOHOLS ETHERS ALDEHYDES

    CARBOXYLIC
    KETONES ACIDS
    ESTERS AMINES AMIDES
    Match ‘Em Up!
    HYDROCARBONS

    HALOCARBONS

    ALCOHOLS

    ETHERS
    HYDROCARBONS

    HALOCARBONS

    ALCOHOLS

    ETHERS
    HYDROCARBONS

    HALOCARBONS

    ALCOHOLS

    ETHERS
    HYDROCARBONS

    HALOCARBONS

    ALCOHOLS

    ETHERS
    HYDROCARBONS

    HALOCARBONS

    ALCOHOLS

    ETHERS
    HYDROCARBONS

    HALOCARBONS

    ALCOHOLS

    ETHERS
    HYDROCARBONS

    HALOCARBONS

    ALCOHOLS

    ETHERS
    HYDROCARBONS

    HALOCARBONS

    ALCOHOLS

    ETHERS
    GENERAL CLASSES OF
    COMPOUNDS AND THEIR USES
    HYDROCARBONS
    HALOCARBONS
    ALCOHOLS
    ETHERS
    HYDROCARBONS
    HYDROCARBONS
    CONTAIN CARBON AND
    HYDROGEN
    ARE CLASSIFIED INTO
    SATURATED AND UNSATURATED
    HYDROCARBONS
    SATURATED
    ALKANES
    UNSATURATED
    ALKENES
    ALKYNES
    HYDROCARBONS
    ALKANES
    SINGLE BONDS
    CnH2n+2
    HYDROCARBONS
    ALKENES
    DOUBLE BONDS
    CnH2n
    HYDROCARBONS
    ALKYNES
    TRIPLE BONDS
    CnH2n-2
    HYDROCARBONS
    CANALSO BE CLASSIFIED ON HOW
    CARBON ATOMS ARE LINKED
    TOGETHER
    STRAIGHT-CHAIN
    BRANCHED
    CYCLIC
    HYDROCARBONS
    STRAIGHT-CHAIN
    CARBON-CARBON BONDS
    ARE CONNECTED IN A
    SINGLE LINE
    HYDROCARBONS
    BRANCHED
    CONTAINSAT LEAST 1 BRANCH
    OF CARBON, WHICH IS A
    CARBON ATOM BONDED TO MORE
    THAN 2 OTHER CARBON ATOMS
    HYDROCARBONS
    CYCLIC
    CARBON ATOMS ARE
    FORMED INTO A CLOSED
    RING OR CIRCLE
    HALOCARBONS
    HALOCARBONS
    FORMED WHEN ONE OR MORE
    HYDROGEN ATOMS IN A
    HYDROCARBON IS REPLACED BY
    HALOGEN ATOMS (F, Br, Cl)
    GENERAL FORMULA: R—X
    R: HYDROCARBON PORTION

    ALCOHOLS
    ALCOHOLS
    FORMED WHEN HYDROXYL GROUP (—
    OH) REPLACES ONE OR MORE OF THE
    HYDROGEN ATOMS IN A HYDROCARBON
    FUNCTIONAL GROUP: —OH
    GENERAL FORMULA: R—OH
    R: HYDROCARBON PORTION
    OH: HYDROXYL GROUP
    ALCOHOLS
    ALCOHOLS
    CANBE GROUPED ACCORDING
    TO THE POSITION OF THE
    HYDROXYL GROUP
    PRIMARY
    SECONDARY
    TERTIARY
    ALCOHOLS
    PRIMARY
    -OHGROUP IS ATTACHED TO
    A CARBON ATOM THAT IS
    ATTACHED TO ONLY 1 OTHER
    CARBON ATOM
    ALCOHOLS
    SECONDARY
    -OHGROUP IS ATTACHED TO
    A CARBON ATOM THAT IS
    ATTACHED TO 2 OTHER
    CARBON ATOMS
    ALCOHOLS
    TERTIARY
    -OHGROUP IS ATTACHED TO
    A CARBON ATOM THAT IS
    ATTACHED TO 3 OTHER
    CARBON ATOMS
    ETHERS
    ETHERS
    FORMED WHEN TWO
    HYDROCARBONS ARE BONDED TO
    THE SAME OXYGEN ATOM
    GENERAL FORMULA: R—O —R’
    R: HYDROCARBON PORTION
    O: OXYGEN

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