Science

B1 Cells
Animal Cells Eukaryotic Cells Plant Cells Prokaryotic Cells - Bacteria
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Bacterial cells are much smaller. Their genetic material is not enclosed
in a nucleus. It is a single DNA loop and there may be one or more
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small rings of DNA called plasmids.

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Specialised Cells Required practical:

Cells may be specialised to carry out a Organelle Function Detail Magnification
particular function: QR CODE:
A gel like substance containing MICROSCOPES
The site of chemical
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Nerve cell Cytoplasm enzymes to catalyse the REQUIRED

reactions in the cell
Long axon to transmit messages reactions PRACTICAL
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VIDEO
Controls the activities of the
Nucleus Contains genetic material
cell and codes for proteins
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Controls the movement of

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Cell membrane substances in and out of Semi permeable

QR CODE: the cell
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DIFFERENTIATION
The site of protein Amino acid chains join to make
AND SPECIALISED Ribosome
CELLS VIDEO synthesis protein
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Where energy is released for

Mitochondrion The site of respiration
the cell to function
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Root hair cell Permanent Keeps the cell turgid, contains

Contains cell sap
Vacuole sugars and salts in solution
Large surface
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area to ports and strengthens the

Tail allows Cell wall Made of cellulose
cell
absorb water
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movement,
by osmosis carrying DNA Contains chlorophyll, absorbs
Chloroplast Site of photosynthesis
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light energy
to the egg
Sperm cell
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Science
B1 Cells
Diffusion Active Transport Required Practical: Osmosis
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The net movement of a Cells use energy to transport substances The diffusion of water through a partially permeable
substance from and area of through cell membranes against a membrane, from a dilute solution to an concentrated
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high concentration to an area concentration gradient. Commonly used solution. You might have experimented with this using
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of low concentration. This can in root hair cells. potato chips. The potato in isotonic solutions will change
happen in liquids and gases. the least in mass.
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QR CODE: OSMOSIS
REQUIRED PRACTICAL
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VIDEO
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Keyword Definition Stem Cells Mitosis

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Eukaryotic Cells that contain a true nucleus in Unspecialised body cells (found in bone
the cytoplasm marrow) that can develop into other,
specialised, cells that the body needs,
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Prokaryotic Single celled bacteria with DNA e.g. blood cells. Treatments with stem
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found in a loop not enclosed in a cells can create replacement organs

nucleus using cells from your own body,
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Differentiation eliminating the posibility of rejecting

When cells gain certain features
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needed for their function; they organs.

become specialised. Type of stem Potential use
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cell
Chromosomes Thread-like structures in the cell
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Human Can be cloned and made to

nucleus that contain DNA. Embryonic stem differentiate into most cell QR CODE: MITOSIS ON
cells types
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BBC BITESIZE
Stem Cell Unspecialised body cells (found in Adult bone Can form many types of human
Mitosis is used for growth, repair
marrow stem and replacement of body cells.
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bone marrow) that can develop into cells cells e.g. blood cells
other, specialised, cells that the This type of asexual reproduction
Can differentiate into any plant
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body needs, e.g. blood cells. Meristems cell type throughout the life of produces cells that are identical to
(plants) the plant. the parent cell. 2 identical
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Mitosis Cell division that results in daughter cells are produced.

genetically identical diploid cells.
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