Classification of

Polygons
1
 Polygons
Definition: A closed figure formed by line segments so that each
segment intersects exactly two others, but only at their
endpoints.

These figures are not polygons These figures are polygons

2
 Classifications of a Polygon

Convex: No line containing a side of the polygon contains a point

in its interior

Concave:

A polygon for which there is a line

containing a side of the polygon and
a point in the interior of the polygon.

3
 Classifications of a Polygon
Regular: A convex polygon in which all interior angles have the
same measure and all sides are the same length

Irregular: Two sides (or two interior angles) are not congruent.

4
Polygon Names

3 sides Triangle
4 sides Quadrilateral
5 sides Pentagon
6 sides Hexagon
7 sides Heptagon
8 sides Octagon
9 sides Nonagon
10 sides Decagon

12 sides Dodecagon
n sides n-gon 5
Regular Polygons

 Regular polygons have:

 All side lengths congruent
 All angles congruent

6
Area of Regular Polygon

 Apothem of a polygon: the distance from the center to

any side of the polygon.

7
Area of Regular Polygon

 We can now subdivide the polygon into triangles.

1
Area  s  a  n
2
s  side _ length
a  apothem
n  Number _ of _ sides
8
Triangles and Quadrilaterals

9
 Classifying Triangles by Sides
Scalene: A triangle in which all 3 sides are different lengths.
A
C
cm A cm A

AC
=
.47 3.
47
.0 2

=3
= cm
=3

.15
A
AB

cm
C C
BC = 3.55 cm B BC = 5.16 cm

Isosceles: A triangle in which at least 2 sides are equal.

G

GI
Equilateral:
A triangle in which all 3 sides are equal.

=3
.7 0
GH = 3.70 cm

cm
10 H HI = 3.70 cm I
 Classifying Triangles by Angles
A triangle in which all 3 angles are less than 90˚.
Acute:
G
76 

57  47 
Obtuse: H I
A
A triangle in which one and only one
angle is greater than 90˚& less than 180˚ 44

28 108 C
B 11
 Classifying Triangles by Angles
Right: A triangle in which one and only one angle is 90˚
A
56
90 34
B C
Equiangular: A triangle in which all 3 angles are the same measure.
B
60

60 60
A 12 C
Classification by Sides
with Flow Charts & Venn Diagrams
Polygon polygons

triangles
Triangle
scalene

Scalene Isosceles isosceles

equilateral

Equilateral 13
Classification by Angles
with Flow Charts & Venn Diagrams
Polygon polygons

triangles
Triangle right

acute

equiangular
Right Obtuse Acute

obtuse
Equiangular
14
What is a Quadrilateral?

 All quadrilaterals have four

sides.
 They also have four angles.
 The sum of the four angles
totals 360°
 These properties are what
make quadrilaterals alike,
but what makes them
different?
Parallelogram

 Two sets of parallel sides

 Two sets of congruent sides.
 The angles that are opposite each other are
congruent (equal measure).
Rectangle

 Has all properties of quadrilateral and

parallelogram

 A rectangle also has four right angles.

 A rectangle can be referred to as an

equiangular parallelogram because all
four of it’s angle are right, meaning
they are all 90° (four equal angles).
Rhombus

 A rhombus is sometimes referred to as a

“slanted square”.
 A rhombus has all the properties of a
quadrilateral and all the properties of a
parallelogram, in addition to other
properties.
 A rhombus is often referred to as a
equilateral parallelogram, because it has four
sides that are congruent (each side length
has equal measure).

Square

 The square is the most specific member of

the family of quadrilaterals. The square has
the largest number of properties.

 Squares have all the properties of a

quadrilateral, all the properties of a
parallelogram, all the properties of a
rectangle, and all the properties of a
rhombus.

 A square can be called a rectangle,

rhombus, or a parallelogram because it has
all of the properties specific to those
figures.
Trapezoid

 Unlike a parallelogram,
rectangle, rhombus, and
square who all have two sets
of parallel sides, a trapezoid
only has one set of parallel
sides. These parallel sides are
opposite one another. The
other set of sides are non
parallel.
Isosceles Trapezoid

 One can never assume a trapezoid is

isosceles unless they are given that the
trapezoid has specific properties of an
isosceles trapezoid.

 Isosceles is defined as having two equal

sides. Therefore, an isosceles trapezoid has
two equal sides. These equal sides are
called the legs of the trapezoid, which are
the non-parallel sides of the trapezoid.

 Both pair of base angles in an isosceles

trapezoid are also congruent.
Right Trapezoid

 A right trapezoid also has one set of

parallel sides, and one set of non-
parallel sides.

 A right trapezoid has exactly two right

angles. This means that two angles
measure 90°.

 There should be no problem

identifying this quadrilateral correctly,
because it’s just like it’s name. When
you think of right trapezoid, think of
right angles!
 Quadrilateral Family Tree

Quadrilateral It’s important to have a good understanding

of how each of the quadrilaterals relate to
one another.

Parallelogram Trapezoid Any quadrilateral that has two sets of

parallel sides can be considered a
parallelogram.

A rectangle and rhombus are both types of

Rectangle Rhombus parallelograms, and a square can be
considered a rectangle, rhombus, and a
parallelogram.

Isosceles Right
Any quadrilateral that has one set of
Square parallel sides is a trapezoid. Isosceles and
Trapezoid Trapezoid Right are two types of trapezoids.
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