BMath 4

Triangles & Quadrilaterals
Thursday, 16 June 2022
6. Two sides of a triangle measure 12 m. and 15 m. One possible dimension of the third side is:
7. Given that the perimeter of a triangle is 180 in. If the angles of the triangle are in the ratio
5:6:7, determine the sides of the triangle. Also, determine the triangle’s resulting area.
8. A triangle has sides 18 m., 16 m., and 30 m. Find its area.
9. Two sides of a triangle are 5 m., and 6 m. If the area of the triangle is 6√6 m2. What is the
third side?
PG2-SG1 Page 1
10. A cord 93 cm. long is divided into two parts from which two equilateral triangles are formed.
If the total area of the triangles is 220 cm2, find the ratio of the perimeters of the smaller and the
larger triangle.
15. A trapezoid has an area of 144 m^2 and an altitude of 4 m. Its two bases have a ratio of 4:5.
What are the lengths of the bases? What is the perimeter?
14. If the sides of a parallelogram and an included angle are 8 m., 12 m., and 120°,
respectively, find the lengths of the diagonals and the area of the parallelogram.
PG2-SG1 Page 2
16. A rhombus has diagonals of 32 and 20 inches. Find the angle opposite the longer
diagonal. Also determine its area.
PG2-SG1 Page 3
PG2-SG1 Page 4
Circles
18. Two perpendicular chords divide a circle with a radius of 13 cm into four parts. If the
perpendicular distances of both chords are 5 cm each from the center of the circle, find the area
of the smallest part.
20. A circle having a diameter of 8 cm is inscribed in a sector having a central angle of 80°. Find
the area of the sector.
PG2-SG1 Page 5
the area of the sector.
21. A swimming pool is constructed in the shape of two intersecting identical circles having a
radius of 9 m. The distance between their centers is 9 m. Find the area of the swimming pool.
PG2-SG1 Page 6
22. Find the area of a portion of a semicircle of radius 15 m. that is outside the area of an
inscribed square if the base of the square lies on the diameter of the semi-circle.
23. The sides of a triangle are 80 cm., 100 cm., and 140 cm. Determine the radius of the
inscribed, and circumscribing circle.
PG2-SG1 Page 7
Prisms, Cylinder, Pyramid, Cone
SIT A. A trough has trapezoidal ends which lie in parallel planes. The top of the trough is a
horizontal rectangle 6 ft. by 16 ft., the base width and depth are both 4 ft.
1. What is the capacity of the trough?
2. If it contains water at a depth of 3 ft., what is the wet portion of the trough?
PG2-SG1 Page 8
3. Find the volume of a right circular cone to be obtained from a sector of radius 26 cm. and whose
central angle measures 138.5°.
SIT B. A plane, parallel to the base, is passed through a right circular cone.
4. At what distance from the vertex the plane must pass to bisect the lateral surface?
5. At what distance from the vertex the plane must pass to bisect the solid (volume)?
SIT C. The inverted pyramidal tank has an equilateral triangular base 3 ft. on a side and an
altitude of 7 ft.
6. How many gallons of water can the tank hold?
PG2-SG1 Page 9
altitude of 7 ft.
7. What will be the wetted area of the pyramid if the depth of the water is 4 ft.?
PG2-SG1 Page 10
Review: Nov 2022
PLANE GEOMETRY
XPERTZ CE REVIEW CENTER Engr. June Arion D. Malesido
Excellence in Professional Engineering Full-time Lecturer
Review and Training Solutions
Parts of a Polygon
Side/Edge
Vertex
Interior
Angle
Exterior
Angle
Diagonal
Similar Polygons
a2
y2 a1
y1 B1 B2
A1 A2
x1 x2 b1 b2
1. The areas of two similar polygons are 64 units2 and 100

units2. If a side of the larger polygon is 36 units, find the
corresponding side of the smaller polygon.

Regular Polygon
Sum of Exterior Angles Sum of Interior Angles
Each Interior Angles
Number of diagonals
Central Angle Apothem

2. A regular hexagon A has the midpoints of its edges joined to
form a smaller hexagon B, and this process is repeated by
joining the midpoints of the edges of B to get a third hexagon
C. What is the ratio of the area of C to the area of A?
4. Determine the area of a regular hexagon with side length 15

cm.

Formula for Triangles A 𝟏
𝑨𝒓𝒆𝒂 = 𝒂𝒃𝒔𝒊𝒏𝑪
𝟐
𝟏
b c 𝑨𝒓𝒆𝒂 = 𝒃𝒄𝒔𝒊𝒏𝑨
h h 𝟐
𝟏
𝑨𝒓𝒆𝒂 = 𝒄𝒂𝒔𝒊𝒏𝑩
C B 𝟐
b b a
𝟏 𝟏
𝑨𝒓𝒆𝒂 = 𝒃𝒉 𝑨𝒓𝒆𝒂 = 𝒂𝒃𝒔𝒊𝒏θ
𝟐 𝟐
b
𝑨𝒓𝒆𝒂 = 𝒔(𝒔 − 𝒂)(𝒔 − 𝒃)(𝒔 − 𝒄)
a
𝒂+𝒃+𝒄
c 𝒔=
𝟐
6. Two sides of a triangle measure 12 m. and 15 m. One possible
dimension of the third side is:
7. Given that the perimeter of a triangle is 180 in. If the angles

of the triangle area in the ratio 5:6:7, determine the sides of the
triangle. Also, determine the triangle’s resulting area.
8. A triangle has sides 18 m., 16 m., and 30 m. Find its area.

9. Two sides of a triangle are 5 m., and 6 m. If the area of the
triangle is 6√6 m2. What is the third side?
10. A cord 93 cm. long is divided into two parts from which two
equilateral triangles are formed. If the total area of the triangles
is 220 cm2, find the ratio of the perimeters of the smaller and
the larger triangle.

MEDIAN
ANGLE BISECTOR
ALTITUDE
PERPENDICULAR BISECTOR
EULER LINE

MEDIAN
B
c mb
a
ma
mc
A
b C
The point of intersection
of all medians is called
the CENTROID
ANGLE BISECTOR
B
tb
c
a
ta
tc
A
b C
The point of intersection of all
angular bisectors is called the
INCENTER
ALTITUDE
B
c hc
ha a
hb
A
b C
altitudes is called the
ORTHOCENTER
PERPENDICULAR BISECTOR
B
c
a
A
b C
perpendicular bisectors is called the
CIRCUMCENTER
EULER LINE
B
c mb
a
ma
mc
A
b C
A line in which the CENTROID, ORTHOCENTER, and

CIRCUMCENTER will lie. This is true for all triangles.
EULER LINE
B
c
hc
ha a
hb
A
b C

EULER LINE
B
c
a
b C

TRAPEZOID ISOSCELES TRAPEZOID
RECTANGLE
QUADRILATERAL PARALLELOGRAM SQUARE
RHOMBUS
KITE
Formula for Quadrilaterals 𝟏
𝑨𝒓𝒆𝒂 = 𝒅𝟏 𝒅𝟐 𝒔𝒊𝒏θ
𝟐
B d
C
d2
180-θ
θ a 𝟏
c 𝑨𝒓𝒆𝒂 = [ 𝒂𝟐 + 𝒄𝟐 − 𝒃𝟐 + 𝒅𝟐 ] 𝒕𝒂𝒏θ
𝟒
d1 D
b
A

A kite is a quadrilateral whose four
sides can be grouped into two pairs of
equal-length sides that are adjacent to
each other.

A quadrilateral with exactly one pair of
parallel sides (the parallel sides are called
bases).
15. A trapezoid has an area of 144 m^2 and

an altitude of 4 m. Its two bases have a
ratio of 4:5. What are the lengths of the
bases? What is the perimeter?

θ PARALLELOGRAM
180-θ
Opposite sides are parallel and congruent
Opposite angles are congruent
θ 180-θ
Adjacent angles are supplementary
Diagonals bisect each other
14. If the sides of a parallelogram and an included angle are 8 m., 12 m.,
and 120°, respectively, find the lengths of the diagonals and the area of
the parallelogram.

RHOMBUS
180-θ θ Opposite sides are parallel and congruent
180-θ Diagonals bisect each other

θ
Diagonals are perpendicular
16. A rhombus has diagonals of 32 and 20 inches. Find the angle opposite
the longer diagonal. Also determine its area.

RECTANGLE & SQUARE
90° 90° Opposite sides are parallel and congruent
90° 90°
Diagonals bisect each other
Diagonals are congruent
90° 90° SQUARE
Diagonals are perpendicular
90° 90°

Parts of a Circle Minor Arc
Chord A
Minor Sector
B
Major Sector
Major Arc
C
Minor Segment
D
Major Segment
Parts of a Circle

Theorem on Circles
Central & Peripheral Angle Cross-Chord Theorem Intersecting Radius and Chord
A B D
A
θ E B
O
α
C
C
ϴ = 𝟐α 𝑨𝑬𝒙𝑬𝑩 = 𝑪𝑬𝒙𝑬𝑫

Theorem on Circles
Sec-Sec Theorem Sec-Tan Theorem
B B
D
A
D
E
C
A
C
𝑨𝑩𝒙𝑨𝑫 = 𝑨𝑪𝒙𝑨𝑬 𝑨𝑩𝒙𝑨𝑫 = 𝑨𝑪𝒙𝑨𝑪

18. Two perpendicular chords divide a circle with a radius of 13 cm into
four parts. If the perpendicular distances of both chords are 5 cm each
from the center of the circle, find the area of the smallest part.
20. A circle having a diameter of 8 cm is inscribed in a sector having a

central angle of 80°. Find the area of the sector.
21. A swimming pool is constructed in the shape of two intersecting

identical circles having a radius of 9 m. The distance between their
centers is 9 m. Find the area of the swimming pool.
22. Find the area of a portion of a semicircle of radius 15 m. that is

outside the area of an inscribed square if the base of the square lies on
the diameter of the semi-circle.
Circles and Triangles
B
B
B/2 B/2
A/2
C/2 A
A C C
C/2
A/2
𝑨𝒓𝒆𝒂 = 𝒓𝒔 𝒂𝒃𝒄
𝑨𝒓𝒆𝒂 =
𝒂+𝒃+𝒄 𝟒𝑹
𝒔=
𝟐
Circles and Triangles
𝑨𝒓𝒆𝒂 = 𝒓𝒂 (𝒔 − 𝒂)
A C
23. The sides of a triangle are 80 cm., 100 cm., and 140 cm.
Determine the radius of the inscribed, and circumscribing
circle.

Review: Nov 2022
SOLID GEOMETRY
SOLIDS A solid is an enclosed portion of space bounded by plane and curved
surfaces. It has three dimensions: length, width, and thickness.
Edge
Vertices
Face
Diagonal
Dihedral Angle

POLYHEDRON A polyhedron is a solid bounded by plane (flat) surfaces only.
Pyramid and cube are polyhedrons.

PLATONIC SOLIDS
Tetrahedron Hexahedron Octahedron Dodecahedron Icosahedron

Triangle Square Triangle Pentagon Triangle
FACES: 4 FACES: 6 FACES: 8 FACES: 12 FACES: 20
EDGES: 6 EDGES: 12 EDGES: 12 EDGES: 30 EDGES: 30
VERTICES: 4 VERTICES: 8 VERTICES: 6 VERTICES: 20 VERTICES: 12
𝑺𝑨 = 𝟑𝒂𝟐 𝑺𝑨 = 𝟔𝒂𝟐 𝑺𝑨 = 𝟐 𝟑𝒂𝟐 𝟏𝟓( 𝟓 + 𝟏) 𝟐 𝑺𝑨 = 𝟓 𝟑𝒂𝟐
𝟐 𝟑 𝑽 = 𝒂𝟑 𝟐 𝟑 𝑺𝑨 = 𝒂 𝟓
𝑽= 𝒂 𝑽= 𝒂 𝟏𝟎 − 𝟐 𝟓 𝑽= (𝟑 + 𝟐)𝒂𝟑
𝟏𝟐 𝟑 𝟏𝟓 + 𝟕 𝟓 𝟑 𝟏𝟐
𝑽= 𝒂
𝟒
SIMILAR SOLIDS
𝒙𝟏 𝒚𝟏
=
𝒙𝟐 𝒚𝟐
𝟐
𝑨𝟏 𝒙𝟏
=
𝑨𝟐 𝒙𝟐
𝟑
𝑽𝟏 𝒙𝟏
=
𝑽𝟐 𝒙𝟐

PRISM A prism is a polyhedron two of whose faces are parallel polygons (bases), and whose remaining
faces are parallelograms (lateral faces or sides).
𝒉 𝒉
𝑽 = 𝑨𝒃𝒂𝒔𝒆 (𝒉) 𝑳𝑺𝑨 = 𝑷𝒃𝒂𝒔𝒆 (𝒉) 𝑽 = 𝑨𝒃𝒂𝒔𝒆 (𝒉)

𝑻𝑺𝑨 = 𝑳𝑺𝑨 + 𝑨𝒃𝒂𝒔𝒆𝒔
CYLINDER A cylinder is a solid bounded by a closed cylindrical surface and two parallel planes.
The elements of a cylinder are equal. A right section of a cylinder is a section
perpendicular to all elements of the cylinder.
𝒉 𝒉
𝑽 = 𝑨𝒃𝒂𝒔𝒆 (𝒉) 𝑳𝑺𝑨 = 𝑷𝒃𝒂𝒔𝒆 (𝒉)

𝑽 = 𝑨𝒃𝒂𝒔𝒆 (𝒉)
𝑻𝑺𝑨 = 𝑳𝑺𝑨 + 𝑨𝒃𝒂𝒔𝒆𝒔

SIT A. A trough has trapezoidal ends which lie in parallel
planes. The top of the trough is a horizontal rectangle 6 ft. by 16
ft., the base width and depth are both 4 ft.
1. What is the capacity of the trough?
2. If it contains water at a depth of 3 ft., what is the wet portion

of the trough?

PYRAMID A pyramid contains triangular lateral faces with a common vertex and a base which is a
polygon. The intersections of the lateral faces are the lateral edges. The altitude is the
perpendicular distance from the vertex to the plane of the base.
𝒉 𝒉
𝟏 𝟏
𝑽 = ( )𝑨𝒃𝒂𝒔𝒆 (𝒉) 𝑽 = ( )𝑨𝒃𝒂𝒔𝒆 (𝒉)
𝟑 𝟑

PYRAMID A pyramid contains triangular lateral faces with a common vertex and a base which is a
polygon. The intersections of the lateral faces are the lateral edges. The altitude is the
perpendicular distance from the vertex to the plane of the base.
𝒍𝟐 = 𝒉𝟐 + 𝒂𝟐
l
h l
a
a
𝟏
𝑳𝑺𝑨 = (𝑷𝒃𝒂𝒔𝒆 )(𝒍) 𝑻𝑺𝑨 = 𝑳𝑺𝑨 + 𝑨𝒃𝒂𝒔𝒆
𝟐

CONE A cone is the solid bounded by a conical surface. Every section of a cone is made by a
plane passing through its vertex and containing two points of the base is a triangle.
l 𝒉 𝒉
𝟏 𝟏 𝟏
𝑽 = ( )𝑨𝒃𝒂𝒔𝒆 (𝒉) 𝑳𝑺𝑨 = ( )𝑷𝒃𝒂𝒔𝒆 (𝒍) 𝑽 = ( )𝑨𝒃𝒂𝒔𝒆 (𝒉)
𝟑 𝟐 𝟑
𝑻𝑺𝑨 = 𝑳𝑺𝑨 + 𝑨𝒃𝒂𝒔𝒆
3. Find the volume of a right circular cone to be obtained from a
sector of radius 26 cm. and whose central angle measures
138.5°.
SIT B. A plane, parallel to the base, is passed through a right

circular cone.
4. At what distance from the vertex the plane must pass to bisect
the lateral surface?
5. At what distance from the vertex the plane must pass to bisect
the solid (volume)?
SIT C. The inverted pyramidal tank has an equilateral triangular
base 3 ft. on a side and an altitude of 7 ft.
7. What will be the wetted area of the pyramid if the depth of

the water is 4 ft.?


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Triangles & Quadrilaterals

Thursday, 16 June 2022

8. A triangle has sides 18 m., 16 m., and 30 m. Find its area.

1. What is the capacity of the trough?

1. The areas of two similar polygons are 64 units2 and 100

XPERTZ CE REVIEW CENTER Engr. June Arion D. Malesido

Each Interior Angles

Central Angle Apothem

XPERTZ CE REVIEW CENTER Engr. June Arion D. Malesido

4. Determine the area of a regular hexagon with side length 15

XPERTZ CE REVIEW CENTER Engr. June Arion D. Malesido

7. Given that the perimeter of a triangle is 180 in. If the angles

8. A triangle has sides 18 m., 16 m., and 30 m. Find its area.

XPERTZ CE REVIEW CENTER Engr. June Arion D. Malesido

XPERTZ CE REVIEW CENTER Engr. June Arion D. Malesido

XPERTZ CE REVIEW CENTER Engr. June Arion D. Malesido

A line in which the CENTROID, ORTHOCENTER, and

A line in which the CENTROID, ORTHOCENTER, and

A line in which the CENTROID, ORTHOCENTER, and

QUADRILATERAL PARALLELOGRAM SQUARE

XPERTZ CE REVIEW CENTER Engr. June Arion D. Malesido

XPERTZ CE REVIEW CENTER Engr. June Arion D. Malesido

15. A trapezoid has an area of 144 m^2 and

XPERTZ CE REVIEW CENTER Engr. June Arion D. Malesido

XPERTZ CE REVIEW CENTER Engr. June Arion D. Malesido

180-θ Diagonals bisect each other

XPERTZ CE REVIEW CENTER Engr. June Arion D. Malesido

XPERTZ CE REVIEW CENTER Engr. June Arion D. Malesido

XPERTZ CE REVIEW CENTER Engr. June Arion D. Malesido

XPERTZ CE REVIEW CENTER Engr. June Arion D. Malesido

𝑨𝑩𝒙𝑨𝑫 = 𝑨𝑪𝒙𝑨𝑬 𝑨𝑩𝒙𝑨𝑫 = 𝑨𝑪𝒙𝑨𝑪

XPERTZ CE REVIEW CENTER Engr. June Arion D. Malesido

20. A circle having a diameter of 8 cm is inscribed in a sector having a

21. A swimming pool is constructed in the shape of two intersecting

22. Find the area of a portion of a semicircle of radius 15 m. that is

XPERTZ CE REVIEW CENTER Engr. June Arion D. Malesido

XPERTZ CE REVIEW CENTER Engr. June Arion D. Malesido

XPERTZ CE REVIEW CENTER Engr. June Arion D. Malesido

Tetrahedron Hexahedron Octahedron Dodecahedron Icosahedron

XPERTZ CE REVIEW CENTER Engr. June Arion D. Malesido

𝑽 = 𝑨𝒃𝒂𝒔𝒆 (𝒉) 𝑳𝑺𝑨 = 𝑷𝒃𝒂𝒔𝒆 (𝒉) 𝑽 = 𝑨𝒃𝒂𝒔𝒆 (𝒉)

𝑽 = 𝑨𝒃𝒂𝒔𝒆 (𝒉) 𝑳𝑺𝑨 = 𝑷𝒃𝒂𝒔𝒆 (𝒉)

XPERTZ CE REVIEW CENTER Engr. June Arion D. Malesido

1. What is the capacity of the trough?

2. If it contains water at a depth of 3 ft., what is the wet portion

XPERTZ CE REVIEW CENTER Engr. June Arion D. Malesido

XPERTZ CE REVIEW CENTER Engr. June Arion D. Malesido

XPERTZ CE REVIEW CENTER Engr. June Arion D. Malesido

SIT B. A plane, parallel to the base, is passed through a right

6. How many gallons of water can the tank hold?

7. What will be the wetted area of the pyramid if the depth of

XPERTZ CE REVIEW CENTER Engr. June Arion D. Malesido

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