Characteristics

of living things
Myat Ingyin & Kyi Hnin Mon Kha
 Content
1st Cellular Structure 5th Irritability

2nd Metabolism 6th Reproductio

n
3rd Growth 7th adaptability

4th Movement
 Cellular
Structure
 What is cell?

The cell is the basic unit of a

living organism.
 What is cell
structure?
Basically, a cell consists of three parts
 Cell membrane
 The nucleus
 Cytoplasm

Within cytoplasm,
organelles are embedded.
 What does cell structure perform?

 The cell structure comprises individual components with specific

functions essential to carry out life’s processes.

These components include cell wall, cell membrane,

cytoplasm, nucleus and cell organelles.

 Types of cells

Prokaryotic Cell
Eukaryotic Cell
 Eukaryotic Cell

Plant Cell Animal Cell

 Cellular Structure
● All living things consist of the living
substance called protoplasm which forms
the basis of cells. These cells contain
DNA ( deoxyribonucleic acid)
molecules that carry biological
information. Cells of plants and animals
are organized into tissues and tissues are
in turn organized into organs and
systems. These structures are responsible
Metabolism
What is
metabolism?
Metabolism is the chemical processes that
occur within a living organism in order to
maintain life.
 Process of Metabolism

Metabolism is the process by which your body converts what

you eat and drink into energy.

During this complex process, calories in food and beverages are

combined with oxygen to release the energy your body needs to
function.
 Types of metabolism
2 categories
 Catabolism
 Anabolism

Catabolism • The breakdown of organic matter

• Uses energy to construct components of

Anabolism cells such as proteins and nucleic acids.
 3 Stage of metabolism
Glycolysis for glucose, β-oxidation for fatty
Stage 1 acids, or amino acid catabolism.

Stage 2 Citric Acid Cycle (or Kreb cycle)

Stage 3 Electron Transport Chain and ATP synthesis.

The important metabolic process that take place in
organisms involve the utilization of food. This
includes….

 Nutrition
 Respiration
 Excretion
Growth
 What is growth?

Growth is the process of increasing in size and

weight resulting from the use of food to further
develop structures in the organism.
 Characteristics of growth
 Growth depends on several factors like increase in

protoplasm, rate of cell division, rate of cell death and

differentiation etc.

 In human, growth is highly dependent on genetic,

nutritional, and environmental factors

Growth in Human
Growth in Plants
Movement
 What is movement?
Movement is when the living organism moves
a body part or parts to bring without a
change in the position of the organisms.
 Examples of movement
 Movement flagella, cilia, and tentacles

 The motion of limbs, eyelids, jaws, tongue in Human

beings

 Some movements result in a change of position or

location. Such voluntary movements are called

locomotion.
Movement in human body
Movement in Plants
Irritability
 What is irritability?
 Living things respond to stimulus.
 The stimulus can be any changes in the environment
( light, sound, touch, temperature, etc.) which brings about
a reaction in and organism due to a sensitivity to the
stimulus.
What is an example of irritability?
 response to stressful situations.
 It may also be a symptom of a mental or physical health condition.
 Babies and young children are often reported to feel irritable,
especially when they're tired or sick.
 For example, children often become fussy when
they have ear infections or stomach aches.
Irritability in human
Irritability in plants
Reproduction
 What is reproduction?

Reproduction is the production of a

new of a new generation of offspring..
 Types of reproduction
Asexual
Reproducti
on Need only one parent organism.
Sexual
Reproducti Need the fusion of two parental sex
on cells.
 Asexual Vs Sexual
Reproduction
Asexual • Faster and more energy efficient
Reproduction

• Better promotes genetic diversity

Sexual through new combinations of alleles
Reproduction during meiosis and fertilization
Adaptability
 What is adaptability?

Adaptability is the ability to adjust or adapt

to different conditions or circumstances:
their external and internal environments.
Adaptability increases the chances of species
surviving and can result in the formation of a new
species.
 Examples of adaptability
 A person that could live in any country is a person who
has adaptability.

 Migration of birds to another place where

conditions are more favorable.

 A plant grow very straight to get enough sunlight

to survive and dominate the environment.
 Thank
you
Myat Ingyin & Kyi Hnin Mon Kha
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