FET, MOSFET, And RPS

FET (Field Effect

Transistor)
 Definiton
o It is a unipolar semiconductor
device. The flow of current through
it is controlled by an electric field.
 TYPES
o Based on construction it is
classified into types
JFET

The Junction Field Effect

Transistor (JUGFET or JFET) has no PN-
junctions but instead has a narrow
piece of high resistivity semiconductor
material forming a “Channel” of either
N-type or P-type silicon for the
majority carriers to flow through with
two ohmic electrical connections at
either end commonly called
the Drain and the Source respectively.
WORKING OF
JFET
 Those two P-N junctions at
the sides create depletion
layers when voltage VDS is
supplied between both the
source and the drain
terminals and the gate
terminal voltage is zero.
Through channels between
both the depletion layers,
electrons go from source to
drain. The channel width
and subsequently the
current conduction through
the bar are determined by
the width of these
depletion layers
 COMPARISON

JFET MOSFET
1 Operated in depletion mode and
enhancement mode
1 Operated in depletion mode
2 Very High input impedance(>10000MΩ)
2 High input impedance(>10MΩ)
3 Gate is insulated from channel by a layer
3 Gate is not insulated from channel
of Sio2
4 Channel exists permanently
4 Channel exists permanently in depletion type
5 Difficult to fabricate than MOSFET but not in enhancement type.
6 Drain resistance is high 5 Easier to fabricate
7 Gate is formed as a diode 6 Drain resistance is less
7 Gate is formed as a capacitor
MOSFET

 MOSFET stands for metal-oxide-semiconductor

field-effect transistor.
 It is a field-effect transistor with a MOS
structure.
 The MOSFET is a three-terminal device with gate
(G), drain (D) and source (S) terminals.
 MOSFETs are of two classes:
 Enhancement mode and depletion mode.

Types and symbol  Each class is available as n-channel or p-channel;

 hence
overall they tally up to four types of
MOSFETs.
 FET and MOSFET applications
MOSFET
 Radiofrequency applications use MOSFET amplifiers
extensively.
 MOSFET behaves as a passive circuit element.
 Power MOSFETs can be used to regulate DC motors.
 MOSFETs are used in the design of the chopper
circuit.
FET
 FETs are widely used as input amplifiers in oscilloscopes,
electronic voltmeters and other measuring and testing
equipment because of their high input impedance.
 Another applications of FETs are it is used in RF amplifiers in FM
tuners and communication equipment’s for the low noise level.
 Another applications of FETs are it is used as voltage variable
resistors (VVRs) in operational amplifiers and tone controllers
etc. because it is a voltage controlled device.
RPS and regulator

 A regulated power supply (RPS) is an embedded circuit, used to convert unregulated

alternating current into a stable direct current by using a rectifier. The main function of this
is to supply a constant voltage to a circuit that should be functioned in a particular power
supply limit.
 A voltage regulator is a circuit that creates and maintains a fixed output voltage, irrespective
of changes to the input voltage or load conditions. Voltage regulators (VRs) keep the voltages
from a power supply within a range that is compatible with the other electrical components.
 regulator is an important device when it comes to power electronics as it controls the power
output. For a Power supply to produce a constant output voltage, irrespective of the input
voltage variations or the load current variations, there is a need for a voltage regulator.
Voltage regulation factor

 Voltage regulation is the measure of how well a power transformer can maintain constant
secondary voltage given a constant primary voltage and wide variance in load current. The
lower the percentage (closer to zero), the more stable the secondary voltage and the better
the regulation it will provide.
Power Supply Line
and Load Regulation
 Line regulation is the ability of a
power supply to maintain the output
voltage given changes in the input line
voltage.
 Load regulation is the ability of a
power supply output to remain
constant given changes in the load.
Block diagram of DC
power supply
The basic building blocks of a regulated
DC power supply are as follows:
 A step down transformer
 A rectifier
 A DC filter
 A regulator
Block diagram of
SMPS
The major components that constitute SMPS are as
follows:
 Input rectifier and Filter (Diode rectifier and
capacitor filter)
 High-frequency switch (Power transistor or
MOSFET)
 Power transformer
 Output rectifier and Filter (Diode rectifier and
capacitor filter)
 Control circuit (comparator and pulse width
modulator)
UPS

An uninterruptible power supply (UPS) is a device that allows a

computer to keep running for at least a short time when incoming
power is interrupted. As long as utility power is flowing, it also
replenishes and maintains the energy storage. The more energy
stored, the longer power can be maintained,
Types of
Uninterruptible
Power Supplies
1. Offline/Standby Uninterruptible Power Supply
2. Online/Double Conversion Uninterruptible
Power Supply
3. Line-Interactive Uninterruptible Power Supply