MATHEMATICS ENGLISH

PART I

BY :

Cindy Cyntia Devi

Indah Suci Maharani Nasution
Thasya Addarani Siregar
 “PROBABILITY"

A. Rule enumeration
Example 1:
Determine the number of odd numbers consisting of
two figures can be compiled from figures 1, 2, 3, and
4, if:
a. The use of numbers may be repeated
b. Usage figures should not be repeated
Answer:
a. Results: 11, 21, 31, 41, 13, 23, 33, 43 (8 numbers)
b. Results: 21, 31, 41, 23, 43 (6 numbers)
2. Permutations
a. Permutations with different elements
Many permutations of k elements from n different elements ar
= P(n,k) =
Note : Factorial means factorial where:
n! = n. (n-1). (n-2). … 2. 1.
5! = 5. 4. 3. 2. 1 = 120

b. repeated permutations
Permutations open parenthesis n,k closed permutations equal to n
to the k
c. cyclical permutation
Banyak permutasi siklis dari unsur n adalah :
Many cyclical permutations of n elements are:
B. COMBINATION
The combination is an arrangement of objects from a set
of objects without regard to the order of the objects. The
number of combinations of r objects from n objects is:

examples:
How many handshakes that happen in a party of 12
people?
Answer:
C. Experiment and sample space
• Experiment:
A process with the outcome of an event depends on
chance.
• The sample space (S)
Kempulan of all possible outcomes of an
experiment.
• Genesis (E)
Some elements / subset results from the sample
space which we observe.
D. Probability of an Event

1. Probability of an Event
Permutations open parenthesis E closed
parenthesis equal to n open parenthesis E
closed parenthesis over n open parenthesis
S closed parenthesis
n(E) = number of members E
n(S) =number of members of the sample
space
Remember: 0 P(E) 1
2. An incident Complements Probability

3. Expectation Frequency
experiment conducted n times is defined as
the multiplication of probability that
incident with n, denoted or formulated
with:
THANK YOU