Planning for

teaching
 Planning for teaching
• Efficient and wise planning is the basis of
successful teaching.
• Planning begins with the goals of teaching
learning situation.
• Planning should be done in terms of the
goals to be achieved.
 The stages in planning should be:
• Year planning: This determines the
content to be taught in various periods of
a year.
• Unit plan: This includes organization of
the selected materials into meaningful
segments of activity and experience.
• Lesson plan: This is a plan for the daily
work in the classroom.
 Year plan
• Year plan is an overall course plan consisting of
units and lessons.
• Teacher may consult different textbooks and
instructional materials to plan.
• The yearly plan provides a fresh look to the
learning experiences to be arranged for pupils
and their relationship with the outcomes of
education.
• While planning for the year, the syllabus is
analyzed and topics are listed.
• The topics are further analyzed into sub-
topics.
• An overall plan for the year is prepared in
terms of facilities, resources, time etc.
• A teacher should record the time taken for
completing various units.
• The actual teaching is the feed back on
the basis of which teacher can modify the
next yearly plan if necessary.
 Format

Nature of Facilities & Time

No Topic Sub-topic
approach Resources
 Unit plan:
• A unit plan is a detailed outline for a series
of interrelated lessons on a selected topic
of study, which lasts for two to four
weeks.
• Unit planning is an organized instructional
material, which teachers develop and
select from the available sources to impart
instruction.
• Resource materials for further learning like
reference books, films, film – strips etc.
are also listed.

• Further time needed for each instructional

objective is to be estimated and
allocated.
unit plan considers the following aspects.

– “why” aspect – deciding and stating

instructional objectives.

– “what” aspect – analysis of the unit.

– “How” aspect – method and learning

experiences.

– “Evidence for achievement” – tool for

evaluation.
 Format
Subject: class:
Unit :
General Instructional Objectives:
1. …………….
2. …………….
3. …………….
S.No Topics No of Time required Specific Teaching Teaching
Lessons Instruction method Aids
&
Objectives
1
2
3
4
5
 Lesson Plan
• After planning for the unit we have to
concentrate on the lesson plan.
• Lesson plan is actually a plan of
action.
• The teacher has to decide his work in a
particular period.
• He has to plan his tools and materials.
• Lesson plan is a teacher’s mental and
emotional visualization of classroom
activities.
• For successful and effective teaching,
lesson plan is very essential.
• Lesson plan explains the objective to be
fulfilled and the teaching methods and aids
to be used.
• A lesson plan is a blue print, a guide map,
a creative piece of work and the chart for
classroom teaching in one period.
• It is systematic approach for the
development of concepts,
skills, understanding etc.
• lesson plan is an experience of anticipated
teaching.
• Its focus is mainly on learning outcome of
the learner, and the procedure for learning
process.
• The vivid imagination of the classroom
situation speaks of the classroom
experience.
For effective anticipation experience, the
pre-requisites are:
• Mastery of subject matter, the materials
and activities.
• Through knowledge of the environmental
forces. I.e., previous knowledge and
experience of the learners.
• Understanding of psychology of mental
process and laws of learning.
• Understanding of teaching techniques –
goals, aims, skills, methods etc
 Advantages of lesson planning:
• It helps to think about meaningful learning
experiences to be provided in the classroom.
• It helps to identify specific objectives related to
particular lesson. This in turn may help to
determine the line of action to be provided in
the classroom.
• It helps students to learn specific concepts,
skills and values.
• It provides an outline of content and
activities.
• It provides opportunity to select and
organize activities that may be helpful in
achieving the objectives.
• It eliminates the chance of trial and error
in teaching.
• It helps to select proper content in
relation to the specific objectives.
• It serves as a creative piece of work
where a teacher can utilize his
knowledge, skills, materials and
experiences.
• It provides situation for physical intellectual
and social involvement.
• It helps teacher to provide opportunity for
pupils to satisfy their interests.
• It helps visualize the need of the mixed
ability of the pupils.
• It develops confidence in the science
teacher to teach systematically in a
planned and organized way.
 Bases of lesson plan
A lesson plan is based on the following
theoretical assumptions.

• Preliminary knowledge and abilities

required.

• Steps followed in writing lesson

plan.

• Evaluation of lesson plan.

 Preliminary knowledge and
abilities:
• Identification of teaching points or
concepts.
• Writing specific objectives.
• Developing learning activities.
• Selecting appropriate teaching
strategies.
• Identifying relevant instructional
materials.
• Writing the test items.
 Steps in lesson planning:
• General information
• Identification of teaching points
• Writing Instructional Objectives
• Teaching Aids
• Motivation
• Presentation
• Recapitulation
• Home Assignment
FORMAT OF A LESSON PLAN
Lesson plan
Name of the trainee : Name of the school :
Subject : Standard :
Unit : Date :
Topic : Time :
GENERAL INSTRUCTIONAL OBJECTIVES:
The pupil,
• acquires knowledge about ……………….
• understands ……………….
• applies the knowledge of ……………..in
…………….
• acquires the skill of drawing ………………
• develops interest in …………….
SPECIFIC INSTRUCIONAL OBJECTIVES: The pupil
1. defines ………………….
2. states ………………….
3. explains ……………….
4. differentiates ………….
5.compares ………………..
6. uses …………….
7. draws ……………….
8. collects / prepares …………….
INSTRUCTIONAL AIDS:
1. ……………
2. ……………
3. ……………
TEACHING METHOD :
Steps Content Specific Teacher Students Evaluation
Behavioural activities activities
objectives

Motivation

Presentation

Review

Assignment

Signature of the guide teacher Signature of the trainee

 Characteristics of an effective
lesson plan
A good lesson plan should
• include clearly mentioned instructional
objectives.
• include teaching aid’s how and when to be
used.
• include motivation techniques.
• include evaluation techniques.