Genes and DNA

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hywRdDVR76A
 DNA – Deoxyribonucleic Acid
• Found in the nucleus
• Carries an organism's genetic information
• Structure:
- Double stranded
- The strands are twisted around each other in ‘double-
helix’ structure with cross-links between them.
- The long strands fold upon each other and proteins to
form chromosome.
- Humans being contain 46 chromosomes in their
nucleus.
 Genes
• Gene is a stretch on the DNA molecule that
controls the development of a specific
characteristics.
• Genes control eye colour, height, tail length etc.
• One gene may control one characteristics or many
genes act together to determine the characteristics
like skin colour
 Optional Practical
Activity: Extracting
DNA from fruit
• https://www.yourgenome
.org/activities/extracting-
dna-from-fruit
DISCOVERING DNA
INHERITANCE – Passing of features from
parents to their off springs.
 Why do we
resemble our
parents?
• Children usually look a
little like their father,
and a little
like their mother, but
they
will not be identical to
either of their parents.
• This is because they get
half of their DNA and
inherited features from
each parent.
 HW Activity
• On an A4 size sheet, paste a family picture.
- List atleast 5 features that you resemble from your mother
- List atleast 5 features that you resemble from your father.
- If you have a sibling, identify 2 features that you both share and 2 features
in which you show difference.
 VARIATION
• Species is a group of organisms that share
the same features and can breed together to
produce a fertile offspring.
• The differences between the individuals
within a species is called variation.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jUHokSPkzT8
 Identify the variation caused by either
environment or genes or both
• Language • Hair colour (curly/wavy/st
spoken • Intelligence raight)
• Religion • Blood group • Skin colour
• Hair length • Ear lobes • Education
• Weight • Tounge rolling • Personality
• Tatoos • Height • Voice
• Piercing • Hair type • Driving skill
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Mehz7tCxjSE&t=114s
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-hryHoTIHak
 Class Activity: DEBATE
• https://www.yourgenome.org/activities/genome-generation-express