ADVANCED TRIM, STABILITY, AND STRESS

(COURSE TITLE)

SEAM 6
(COURSE CODE)

3RD SEM / A. Y 2021-2022

(TERM/ ACADEMIC YEAR)

MODULE 2
(MODULE NUMBER)

CAPT. EMED P. GOZOS

(COURSE INSTRUCTOR)

TO BE CODE BY QMO
(DOCUMENT CODE)
COURSE DESCRIPTION

This course covers the knowledge and understanding of

fundamental principles of ship construction, the theories and
factors affecting trim and stability, the measures necessary to
preserve trim and stability, the effect on trim and stability of a
ship in the event of damage and consequent flooding of a
compartment, the countermeasures to be taken, and the IMO
recommendations concerning ship stability. Advanced Trim,
Stability and Stress Course 1 is all about Explaining the
importance of maintaining stability during loading, unloading
and in-transit in various conditions.
Continuation of COURSE DESCRIPTION
Course 2 is all about calculating the effect on trim and stability of
a ship in the event of damage to and consequent flooding of a
compartment and countermeasures to be taken.This course aims
to provide students with necessary Knowledge, Understanding
and Proficiency in preparation for Controlling trim, stability, and
stress at Management level competency. The competency level
covered in this course is in accordance with the Table A-II/2:
Function 3: Controlling the operation of the ship and care for
persons on board at the management level; Competence-1:
Control trim, stability, and stress;
COURSE OUTCOME

At the end of the module, you should be able to :

CO1: Explain the importance of maintaining stability
during loading, unloading and in-transit in various
conditions
 MODULE 2
 Simpson’s Rule

Simpson‘s First Rule

Simpson‘s Second Rule

Simpson’s Third Rule or the 5, 8, -1 Rule

INTRODUCTION/OVERVIEW OF THE
MODULE

 This module is designed to acquaint all cadets

regarding calculations of areas and volumes
INTRODUCTION/OVERVIEW OF THE
MODULE
 The learning outcome is likewise included at the
beginning of each discussion, so that the students
are aware of what they are going to achieve at the
end of topic.
INTRODUCTION/OVERVIEW OF THE
MODULE

 The materials presented here are directly related to

the syllabus and the students should bear in mind
that this module will serve as their guide only.
 Students are highly encouraged to obtain a copy of
the recommended text and references for a more
detailed study and broader understanding.
LEARNING
OUTCOMES 1.3

At the end of this session, the student will

be able to:
• Interpret knowledge of the theories of the Simpson’s
rule in the construction and stability of the ship
LEARNING
OUTCOMES 1.4

At the end of this session, the student will

be able to:
• Show how to calculate the construction and stability of
the ship using the three Simpson’s Rule
SIMPSON’S RULE

 Simpson's rule for estimating definite integrals is named

after Thomas Simpson (1710-1761), who published it in
1743.

 The difference of this method in solving the water plane

area is that it assumes the curve bounding the area to be
parabolic.
FIRST RULE
This is use when the number of intervals is divisible by 2 or if
it has an odd number of ordinates. It follows the pattern
(multipliers):
1 4 1

OR

1 4 2 4 . . . . 2 4 1
 x2
WPA = 23.8 sq. unit
SECOND RULE

This is use when the number of intervals is divisible by 3 or

when the ordinates is starting from 4 then four plus a multiple
of 3. It follows the pattern (multipliers):
1 3 3 1

OR

1 3 3 2 3 3 2 . . . . 3 3 1
 x2
WPA = 19.58 sq. unit
THIRD RULE

This is commonly known as 5,8, minus 1 rule. It is used when

the area between any two adjacent ordinates is required
Solution for area of ABEF 2 Solution for area of BCDE
What are the applicable simpson’s rules in the
illustration below?
What are the applicable simpson’s rules in the
illustration below?
SIMPSON’S RULES
For Calculation of Volumes
VOLUMES OF SHIP SHAPES
EXAMPLE 1
The areas of a ship’s water-planes are as follows:
EXAMPLE 2

Find the volume of displacement and the approximate

mean TPC between the drafts of 8 m and 9 m in salt water
with the following details:

Draft 7m 8m 9m
WPA 3225 sq.m 3300 sq.m 3392 sq.m
USING SIMPSON’S 3RD RULE
EXAMPLE 3
Find the displacement at 5m SW draft with the following Water Plane Areas:
Draft(m) Area (sq.m)
6 2550
5 2010
4 1920
3 1580
2 1300
1 920
0 780
SOLUTION
1st Rule
Draft(m) Area (sq.m) SM Product
5 2010 1 2010
4 1920 4 7680
3 1580 1 1580
11270
SOLUTION
2nd Rule
Draft(m) Area (sq.m) SM Product
3 1580 1 1580
2 1300 3 3900
1 920 3 2760
0 780 1 780
9020
SOLUTION
Total Volume = 3756.67 cu.m + 3382.5 cu.m

= 7139.17 cu. m

Displacement at 5 m draft = Underwater Volume (density)

= 7139.17 cu. m (1.025 tonnes/cu.m)

= 7317.65 tonnes
THANK YOU