Classification of Matter

Experiment Time!
OBJECTIVES
At the end of the lesson, the students should be
able to:

a. classify matter as substance (element and

compound) and mixtures (homogeneous and
heterogeneous); and

b. make a graphic organizer showing the

classifications of Matter.
Substances
Matterthat is either an element or a compound
Elements and compounds can not be reduced to
more basic components by physical means
Elements
 All units that make up all matter
are called atoms
 If all the atoms in a sample of
matter have the same identity,
that kind of matter is an element
 The carbon in a pencil point
contains only carbon atoms,
carbon is an element
Compounds
 Compounds are material made of
two or more elements combined
 The ratio of the different atoms is
always the same for that compound
 Example: Waters ratio is H2O, so
in each water molecule there are
two hydrogen atoms and one
oxygen atom
Element or Compound

Gold
Element
Au
Element or Compound

Salt
Compound
NaCl (sodium chloride)
Element or Compound

Copper
Element
Cu
Element or Compound

Baking soda
Compound
NaHCO3 (sodium bicarbonate)
Element or Compound

Propane
Compound
C3H8 (3 atoms of Carbon and 8 atoms of Hydrogen)
 Mixtures
A mixture is a material that
is made up of two or more
substances
 Do not always contain the
same amounts of substances
that make them up
A heterogeneous mixture is a
mixture in which the different
materials can easily be
distinguished
 A homogenous mixture or solution
is a mixture in which two or more
substances are uniformly spread out
and the different materials can not
be easily distinguished
 SUMMARY FOR
CLASSIFICATION OF MATTER
M atter
H a s m a ss
T a ke s up sp a ce

Substance M ixture
C om po sition de fin ite C om po sitio n v ariab le

Element Com pound Hom ogeneous Heterogeneous

O n e kind o f a tom T wo or m o re E v en ly m ixe d; U ne v en ly
kin d s o f ato m s a so lution m ixed
Colloids and Suspensions
A colloid is a heterogeneous mixture
containing tiny particles that never
settle out. Example : milk and jello
A suspension is a heterogeneous
mixture containing a liquid in which
visible particles settle. Example:
Muddy water
Detecting Colloids
• One way to distinguish a colloid from a solution
is by its appearance.
• Fog appears white because its particles are large
enough to scatter light.
• Sometimes it is not so obvious that a liquid is a
colloid.
• You can tell for certain if a liquid is a colloid by
passing a beam of light through it.
Detecting Colloids
• A light beam is invisible as it passes through a
solution, but can be seen readily as it passes
through a colloid. This occurs because the
particles in the colloid are large enough to scatter
light, but those in the solution are not.
• This scattering of light by
colloidal particles is called the
Tyndall effect.
Suspensions
• Some mixtures are neither solutions nor
colloids. One example is muddy pond
water.
• Pond water is a suspension, which is a
heterogeneous mixture containing a
liquid in which visible particles settle.
Suspensions
• The table summarizes the properties of
different types of mixtures.
Question 1
A _______ is a type of matter with a fixed
composition.
A. colloid
B. mixture
C. substance
D. solution
 Answer
The answer is C. A substance can
be either an element or a compound.
 Question 2
How many elements are found on
Earth?
A. 5
B. 10
C. 30
D. 90
 Answer
The answer is D. About 90 elements are
found on Earth, and more than 20 have
been made in laboratories.
 Question 3
How are compounds different
from mixtures?
 Answer
The atoms in compounds are combined in
fixed proportions and cannot be separated
by physical means. A mixture is made of
two or more substances that can be easily
separated by physical means.
Directions: Make a graphic
organizer showing the
classifications of Matter and their
short descriptions. Use the
provided graphic organizer
below:
Quiz
Part I.
Directions: Classify the following as Substance (S) or Mixture (M)
___1. Kerosene
___2. Nitrogen
___3. Gold
___4. Air
___5. Soil
Directions: Classify the following as Element (E) or Compound (C).
___6. Hydrogen
___7. Carbon dioxide
___8. Carbon
___9. Sodium Chloride
___10. Sodium
Directions: Classify the following as Homogeneous (HM) or Heterogeneous (HT).
___11. Sugar solution
___12. Salad
___13. Concrete
___14. Aqueous Sodium Chloride
___15. Sand
Quiz
Part II.
Directions: Write True if the statement is correct and False if it is wrong.

16. If all the atoms in a sample of matter have the same identity, that
kind of matter is a compound.
17. The ratio of the different atoms is always different for that compound.
18. Mixture is made up of only one kind of material and has a
homogeneous or uniform appearance and composition. On the other
hand, substance is a physical blend of two or more matter that can be
separated by physical means.
19. Homogeneous show two or more phases with definite boundaries,
while heterogeneous shows only one phase solution.
20. Element is the combination of two or more atoms, whereas
compound is composed of only one atom.
Assignment

If you were given the following mixtures, find a way to

separate them. Please indicate the series of processes
that you will do. Share it to class.

A. Water and sugar

B. Pigments of ink
C. Salt and glass