Lesson 5

Isosceles Triangle
And Triangle congruence
 • Illustrate theorems on triangle
inequalities such as the Exterior
angle theorem, Triangle Inequality
Lesson theorem, and Hinge Theorem.
• Apply theorem on triangle
Objectives inequalities.
• Prove inequalities in a triangle.
 Congruence and
inequalities exist
among sides and Isosceles Triangle
angles of a triangle.
Theorem 4.6 :Isosceles Triangle Theorem
If two sides of a triangle are congruent, then the angles opposites them are
congruent.

Auxiliary figure-
additional figure may
be drawn as long it
does not contradict
any definition,
property, theorem, or
postulate.
 Theorem 4.7 :Converse of Theorem 4.6
If two angles of a triangle are congruent, then the sides opposites them are
congruent.
 Definition of Greater than
If a = b+ c and a,b,and c are all greater than 0, then ab and a c.

Since 5=3+2,
then 5>3 and 5>2.

a>b may also expressed as b<a.

a>c may also be expressed as c<a.
 Theorem 4.8: Exterior Angle Theorem
The measure of the exterior angle of a triangle is greater than the
measure of any of its remote interior angles.

• Interior angle is “near”

the exterior angle
• are remotely “far”
from Hence and are
called remote interior
angles.
Scalene Triangle
No two sides are
congruent.
 Theorem 4.9
If one side of a triangle is longer than the other side, then the
measure of the angle opposite the longer side is greater than
the measure of the angle opposite the shorter side.
 Theorem 4.10: Converse of Theorem 4.9
If the measure of one angle of a triangle is greater than the
measure of another angle, then the side opposite the larger
angle is longer then the side opposite the smaller angle.

In proving an inequality, we can

use indirect proving.
It starts with the assumption
that the negation or the
contradiction of the conclusion
(the “prove”) is true.
 Theorem 4.11: Triangle inequality Theorem
The sum of the length of any two sides of a triangle is greater
than the length of third side.
 Theorem 4.12: The Hinge Theorem
If two sides of one triangle are congruent to two sides of
second triangle and the included angle of the first triangle is
larger than the included angle of the second triangle, then the
third side of the first triangke is longer then the third side of
the second triangle.
 Theorem 4.12: The Hinge Theorem
If two sides of one triangle are congruent to two sides of
second triangle and the included angle of the first triangle is
larger than the included angle of the second triangle, then the
third side of the first triangle is longer then the third side of
the second triangle.
 Theorem 4.13: Converse of Hinge Theorem
If two sides of one triangle are congruent to two
sides of second triangle and the third side of the
first triangle is longer than the third side of the
second triangle, then the included angle of the first
triangle is larger than the included angle of the
second triangle.
 Theorem 4.13: Converse of Hinge Theorem
If two sides of one triangle are congruent to two
sides of second triangle and the third side of the
first triangle is longer than the third side of the
second triangle, then the included angle of the first
triangle is larger than the included angle of the
second triangle.
 Theorem 4.13: Converse of Hinge Theorem
1 2
If two sides of one triangle are congruent to two
𝑋𝑂 𝑋𝐸
sides of second triangle and the third side of the
m m
first triangle is longer than the third side of the
5 6
second triangle, then the included angle of the first
DE EX
triangle is larger than the included angle of the
second
OE triangle.

OE DE