CONTENT OUTLINE

Networking: Definition
 Need of Networking
 Types of networking
Types of Networks

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 DEFINITION
Networking refers to the practice of connecting computers and other
devices together to share resources, information, and services. It enables
communication and data exchange between devices, allowing them to
work together efficiently and effectively. Networking can occur within a
local environment (such as a home or office) or across larger geographic
areas (such as cities, countries, or the entire globe) using various
technologies and protocols.

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 NEED FOR NETWORKING

• Resource Sharing: Networking allows sharing of hardware resources (printers, scanners) and software
applications across multiple devices, reducing costs and improving efficiency.
• Data Exchange: It enables the sharing of data and information, facilitating collaboration and decision-
making.
• Communication: Networking enables real-time communication through email, messaging, video
conferencing, and voice calls.
• Centralized Management: Networks enable centralized management and control of devices, applications,
and security settings.
• Remote Access: Networking allows remote access to resources and data, enabling users to work from
different locations.
• Efficient Data Storage: Centralized storage systems, like network-attached storage (NAS) and cloud
storage, improve data accessibility and backup.

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 TYPES OF NETWORKING
1. Local Area Network (LAN):
•A LAN connects devices within a limited geographical area, such as a home,
office, or campus.
•Typically uses Ethernet cables or Wi-Fi for connectivity.
•Designed for high-speed data transfer and resource sharing.
2. Wide Area Network (WAN):
•A WAN spans larger distances, connecting LANs across different locations, cities,
or even countries.
•Utilizes technologies like leased lines, satellites, and routers to establish
connections.
•The Internet is the largest example of a WAN

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 TYPES OF NETWORKING
3. Metropolitan Area Network (MAN):
•A MAN covers a larger area than a LAN but smaller than a WAN, usually within a city or
metropolitan area.
•Connects multiple LANs or data centers to provide high-speed connectivity.
4. Campus Area Network (CAN):
•A CAN interconnects LANs within a university campus, corporate campus, or similar
environments.
•Provides efficient communication and resource sharing across different buildings or
areas.
5. Personal Area Network (PAN):
•A PAN is the smallest type of network, connecting devices within a person's personal
space, like a smartphone connecting to a smartwatch or headphones.

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 TYPES OF NETWORKING
• 6. Virtual Private Network (VPN):
• A VPN creates a secure encrypted connection over a public network (e.g., the internet).
• Enables users to access resources and services remotely while maintaining privacy and security.
• 7. Intranet:
• An intranet is a private network within an organization that uses internet technologies for internal communication,
collaboration, and resource sharing.
• 8. Extranet:
• An extranet allows limited external access to certain parts of an organization's intranet, often for partners,
suppliers, or customers.
• 9. Peer-to-Peer (P2P) Network:
• In a P2P network, devices communicate directly with each other without a central server.
• Each device can act as both a client and a server, sharing resources.
• 10. Client-Server Network: - In a client-server network, devices (clients) connect to a central server that
provides resources, services, and data. - Servers manage user authentication, file storage, and application hosting.

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 TYPES OF NETWORKING
• 11. Cloud Network: - Cloud networking involves connecting devices and services
through the cloud, allowing users to access resources hosted on remote servers.
• 12. Industrial Network: - Industrial networks are used in manufacturing and industrial
environments to connect machines, sensors, and control systems for automation and data
collection.
• 13. Sensor Networks: - Sensor networks consist of interconnected sensors that collect
and transmit data, often used in environmental monitoring and Internet of Things (IoT)
applications.

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 TYPES OF NETWORKING
• 11. Cloud Network: - Cloud networking involves connecting devices and services
through the cloud, allowing users to access resources hosted on remote servers.
• 12. Industrial Network: - Industrial networks are used in manufacturing and industrial
environments to connect machines, sensors, and control systems for automation and data
collection.
• 13. Sensor Networks: - Sensor networks consist of interconnected sensors that collect
and transmit data, often used in environmental monitoring and Internet of Things (IoT)
applications.

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THANKS
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