8TH GRADE

PROBLEM SOLVING
INVOLVING
PARALLEL LINES

Quarter 4 – Week 5
 8TH GRADE

TOPICS FOR THE WEEK

1. Recall the theorems on angles formed by parallel lines cut

by a transversal.
2. Use the theorems on angles formed by parallel lines cut by
a transversal in solving problems.
3. Solve routine problems involving properties of parallel
lines cut by a transversal.
4. Solve non-routine problems involving properties of parallel
lines cut by a transversal.
5. Summative test on problem-solving involving parallel
lines.
 8TH GRADE

TOPIC ONE
Recall the theorems on angles
formed by parallel lines cut by
a transversal.
 8TH GRADE

THEOREMS ON PARALLEL LINES CUT BY

A TRANSVERSAL
1. Corresponding Angle Postulate – When two parallel lines are cut by a
transversal, then each pair of corresponding angles are congruent.
2. Alternate Interior (or Exterior) Angle Theorem – If two parallel lines
are cut by a transversal, then the alternate interior (or exterior) angles
formed are congruent.
3. Consecutive Interior (or Exterior) Angle Theorem – If two parallel
lines are cut by a transversal, then all pairs of consecutive interior (or
exterior) angles formed are supplementary.
 8TH GRADE
ILLUSTRATIVE EXAMPLE #1
Direction: Using the different theorems on angles formed by parallel lines cut by
a transversal, solve for the value of x.
Solution:
Since the angle is a corresponding angle of the linear pair of , we can conclude
that they are supplementary.

Final answer: The value of x is equal to 21.5

 8TH GRADE
ILLUSTRATIVE EXAMPLE #2
Solution:
Using the figure on the right, we can say that the angle and the adjacent angle of
x to the left are alternate interior angles. Similarly, angle x plus its adjacent angle
to the left are also alternate interior angle. We can use this relationship to write an
equation to solve for x.

Final answer: The value of x is 65.

1
 8TH GRADE
ILLUSTRATIVE EXAMPLE #3
Solution:
Using the figure on the right we can say that the two angles are consecutive
interior angles, meaning they are supplementary. We can use this to write an
equation and solve the value of x.

Final answer: The value of x is 12.

 8TH GRADE
ACTIVITY #1
Direction: Using the different theorems on angles formed by parallel lines cut by
a transversal, solve for the value of x.
 8TH GRADE
ACTIVITY #2
Direction: Find the measure of the indicated angle given the following figure.
Given:
,
,
 8TH GRADE

TOPIC TWO
Use the theorems on angles
formed by parallel lines cut by
a transversal in solving
problems.
 8TH GRADE

PRACTICE AND PROBLEM SOLVING

Let us solve the following problem using the different
theorems on parallel lines cut by a transversal.
At the right is a map of Maligaya City. North Street,
Center Street, and South Street are parallel. Use the
description to complete Question 1 and 2.
1. Avenue A is perpendicular to North Street. What is
the relationship between Avenue A and South
Street? Explain your reasoning.
2. Avenue B makes a 70° angle with Center Street.
What are the measures of the angles that South
Street makes with Avenue B?
 8TH GRADE

1. Avenue A is perpendicular to North Street. What is the

relationship between Avenue A and South Street? Explain
your reasoning.
Solution:
• Since North St. is parallel to South St., we can say that the
angles formed by Avenue A when intersecting North St.
and South St. are congruent because they are
corresponding angles.
• The angles formed when Avenue A intersect North St. and
South St. are right angles and measures .
• Since they both measure , we can conclude that Avenue A
Theorem: If a transversal is
and South St. are also perpendicular.
perpendicular to one of the two
parallel lines, then it is also
perpendicular to the other.
 8TH GRADE

2. Avenue B makes a 70° angle with Center Street. What

are the measures of the angles that South Street makes
with Avenue B?
Solution:
• Since Center St. is parallel to South St., we can say that
the angles formed by Avenue B when intersecting North
St. and South St. are congruent because they are
corresponding angles.
• The angles formed when Avenue B intersect Center St.
and South St. measures .
• The measures of the angles that South Street makes with
Postulate: When two parallel
Avenue B is .
lines are cut by a transversal, then
each pair of corresponding angles
are congruent.
 8TH GRADE

ILLUSTRATIVE PROBLEM #2
A hiking trail crosses a set of train tracks as shown in the
diagram. The path of the hiking trail forms angles 1, 2, and 3
with parallel tracks.
1. If , find .
2. If , find .
3. If and , find x.
Solution:
2
4.
1 3
5.
6.
 8TH GRADE
ACTIVITY #1
 8TH GRADE
ACTIVITY #2

I
 8TH GRADE

TOPIC THREE AND FOUR

Solve routine and non-routine
problems involving properties of
parallel lines cut by a transversal.
 8TH GRADE

SOLVING ROUTINE PROBLEMS

 8TH GRADE

ILLUSTRATIVE EXAMPLES
How would you solve for the values of x and y? Study the given solutions below.

and are corresponding angles in Fig. 1. Linear Pair

Hence,
Corresponding Angle

Since and are alternate interior angles,

then
 8TH GRADE
SOLVING NON-ROUTINE PROBLEMS
To solve non-routine problems, you need to be creative and imaginative. Study the given
examples and solve as many problems as you can in the activities.

The drawing on the right shows a simple bridge design.

The top beam and the floor of the bridge are parallel. If
and the , classify the relationship between and and find
its measurement.
Solution:
and are AIA. So,
and are linear pair, so
and are congruent. By transitive property

Final answer: and are supplementary since their

measures are and , respectively.
 8TH GRADE

ACTIVITY 1: SOLVING ROUTINE

 8TH GRADE

ACTIVITY 2: SOLVING NON-ROUTINE

A plumber must install pipe 2 parallel to pipe 1 (See the given
figure below). He knows that . What us the measure of ?

4 9.36 °
 8TH GRADE

TOPIC FIVE
Summative test on problem-
solving involving parallel lines.