LIE DETECTION

• -refers
to the art, techniques, and process of
discovering, sensing and spotting lies.
•Alternative term for lie detection:
1.Deception detection or detection of deception
2. Truth verification
•Lie detection is
ultimately focused in
________________?
•Lie detection is ultimately
focused in knowing the truth.
•The fundamental basis is
giving ________ to those who
deserve it.
•The fundamental basis is
giving justice to those who
deserve it.
THEREFORE:

•The process of detecting lies

and deceit is simply a way of
knowing the truth.
•Why do we need to detect lies?
•Why do we need to detect lies?
•-so that we can verify the truth.
WHY DO WE NEED TO VERIFY
THE TRUTH?
WHY DO WE NEED TO VERIFY THE
TRUTH?

•So that we can detect who are lying

and who are not while answering our
questions.
 POLYGRAPHY OR POLYGRAPH
SCIENCE
•- is a scientific method of detecting
deception using an instrument called
polygraph.
 POLYGRAPH
• It is a device or procedure that measures and records several
physiological indicators such as blood pressure, pulse,
respiration, and skin conductivity while the person is asked
and answers a series of questions.
• - is an instrument whereby multiple signals from the sensors
are recorded on a single strip of moving paper.
PERSONALITIES
BEHIND LIE DETECTION
•1. Dr. Hans Gross- stated that “a large part of the
criminal work is nothing more than a battle of lies”.
Known as the Father of Criminalistics.
•2. Angelo Mosso- Developed the Sphygmomanometer
designed to measure the flow of blood while a person
lies on his back in a prone position.
•3. Cesare Lombroso- developed the Hydrosphymograph
which is the first instrument to detect deception.
• 4. William Moulton Marston-known as the father of modern
polygraphy.
• 5. John Larson- developed the first instrument that simultaneously
records blood pressure, pulse and respiration.
• 6. Leonarde Keeler- invented the Keeler Polygraph that records BP,
pulse, respiration and GSR. Designed the Kymograph built-in in the
polygraph instrument.
• 7. VittorioBenussi- demonstrated the changes in breathing patterns
indicate deception.
• 8. Harold Burtt- said that changes in systolic blood pressure were of
•9. Luigi Galvani- Developed the GSR or the
galvanometer.
•10. Veraguth- First to use the term Psychogalvanic
reflex.
•11. Francis galton- Developed the Word Association
Test.
•12. Allen Bell.- Developed the Psychological Stress
Evaluator.
CLASSIFICATION OF LIE
DETECTION METHODS
1. METHODS INVOLVING THE USE OF
SCIENTIFIC DEVICES THAT RECORD
PSYCHO-PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSES.

•A. Word Association Technique (WAT)

-prepared a list of stimulus and non-stimulus group of words
separated in time to allow the patient to utter his first thought
generated by each word. Answers should be given as quickly
as possible. The time interval between the words uttered by
the examiner and the answer of the subject is recorded.
 B. PSYCHOLOGICAL STRESS EVALUATION
(PSE)
• - the machine that detects, measures, and graphically
displays the voice modulations that we cannot hear, which
can manifest psychological stress.
• -detects slight trembling in the voice, which may be
interpreted to determine if the person is telling the truth.
• - Purpose: to detect levels of significant emotional stress
from human voiced modulations.
 C. POLYGRAPH METHOD
(POLYGRAPHY)
•- detecting deception with the aid of a polygraph
machine which is based on the theory that a
conscious mental effort on the part of a normal
person to deceive cause physical changes or being
recorded and diagnosed.
 2. METHODS INVOLVING THE USE OF
SUBSTANCES THAT INHIBIT THE INHIBITOR
SUCH AS:
• A. Administration of “truth serum”
• - introduced by Dr. Edward Mandel House.
• - used Hyoscine hydrobromide administered to the subject
hypodermically unit a state of delirium is brought on. When
under delirium, the subject, when asked questions, feel an
obligation to answer truthfully, forgets his alibi, and may
even give information of his acts or even involve others in
the crime.
B. NARCOANALYSIS (ALSO CALLED AS
NARCOSYNTHESIS)
•- used Psychiatric sodium amytal/ Na
Pentothal a drug that causes depression
of the inhibitory mechanism of the
brain, which makes the subject talk
freely.
 C. INTOXICATION WITH
ALCOHOL
•-in vino veritas
•- the subject is allowed to drink until
intoxicated, wherein his power to control
decreases, so questions will be asked and
recorded.
3. HYPNOSIS
• - an altered state of consciousness and a person apparently
loses the power of voluntary action and heightened
responsiveness to suggestion.
• - the alteration of consciousness and concentration while
awareness is maintained.
• - it can produce a deeper contact with one’s emotional life,
resulting in some lifting of repressions and exposure of
buried fears and conflict.
 4. SCIENTIFIC
INTERROGATION
•-Questioning of a person suspected of having
committed an offense or of a person who is
reluctant to make full disclosure of information in
his possession that is pertinent to the investigation.