Debre Markos University

Technology College
Department: Construction Technology
and Management
CONSTRUCTION LAW 2
Construction Specification
and
Quantity Surveying

Quantity Surveying 3
 Specification

 A concise description of materials and workmanship,

standard or quality of workmanship.

Quantity Surveying 4
 Quantity Surveying
 Quantity surveying is the application of standard
methods of measurement to quantify the amounts of
various items in a construction project, for the
undertaking of valuation, and certifying payments.
 Quantity surveying is calculating the amount of
Work, Material, Labour, Equipment and cost of the
project.
Quantity Surveying 5
 Quantity Surveying

1. Quantifying Works
2. Quantifying Resources
3. Cost Estimating

Quantity Surveying 6
1. Quantifying Works
 Calculating the amount of works
 Substructure works
 Super structure works

Quantity Surveying 7
 1. Quantifying Works :-
Standard methods of measurement
 Unit of Measurement
A-SUB-STRUCTURE
1. Excavation and Earthwork Unit
1.1 Site clearing m2
1.2 Bulk excavation m3
1.3 Pit excavation m3
1.4 Trench excavation m3
1.5 Back fill m3
1.6 Cart away m3
1.7 Hard Core m2
Quantity Surveying 8
 1. Quantifying Works :-
Standard methods of measurement
 Unit of Measurement
A-SUB-STRUCTURE…..
2. CONCRETE WORK Unit
2.1 Lean concrete m2

2.2 Reinforced concrete to

a, footing pads m3
b, foundation columns m3
c, grade beams m3
d, 15cm thick floor m2
2.3 Formwork m2

2.4 Reinforcement bars kg

2.5 0.8cm thick & 10cm high Styrofoam expansion joint ml
Quantity Surveying 9
 1. Quantifying Works :-
Standard methods of measurement
 Unit of Measurement
A-SUB-STRUCTURE…..
3. MASONRY WORK Unit
3.1 Stone masonry foundation
a) Below N.G.L. m3
b) Above N.G.L. m3
B. SUPER STRUCTURE
1. CONCRETE WORK
1.1 Reinforced concrete class C -25
a) In Elevation Columns m3
b) In Intermediate Beams m3
c) In 150 mm thick Floor Slab m2
Quantity Surveying 10
 1. Quantifying Works :-
Standard methods of measurement
. B. SUPER STRUCTURE……
1. CONCRETE WORK….. Unit
1.1 Reinforced concrete class C -25
d) Stair case m3
e) In 200 mm thick Shear wall m3
f) In Top Tie/Roof Beams m3
1.2 Formwork
a) Elevation columns m2
b) Intermediate beams & lintels m2
c) In 150 mm thick Floor Slab m2
d) Stair case m2
e) In 200 mm thick Shear wall m2
f) Top Tie /roof beams m2
Quantity Surveying 11
 1. Quantifying Works :-
Standard methods of measurement
. B. SUPER STRUCTURE……
1 CONCRETE WORK….. Unit
1.3 Steel Reinforcement bars
a) 8mm def bars Kg
b) 10mm def bars Kg
c) 12mm def bars Kg
d) 14mm def bars Kg
e) 16mm def bars Kg
f) 20mm def bars Kg
g) 24mm def bars Kg
2 BLOCK WORK
a) 20 cm thick HCB wall class "B" m2
b) 15 cm thick HCB wall class "B"
Quantity Surveying m122
 1. Quantifying Works :-
Standard methods of measurement
. B. SUPER STRUCTURE……
3 ROOFING Unit
a) 0.4mm thick G-28 CIS m2
b) 0.4 mm thick pre painted EGA 500 m2
c) Sky light 10mm thick curved polycarbonate sheet m2
d) 0.5mm thick flat metal sheet copping ml
e) 0.4mm thick G-28 Flat metal sheet flashing ml
f) Galvanized metal sheet gutter ml
g) 110mm dia. uPVC down pipe ml
4 STEEL TRUSS
a) 100x80x4mm RHS upper & lower truss members kg
b) 60x60x3mm RHS vertical & diagonal truss members kg
c, 30 x 30 x3 mm SHS lattice purlin kg
Quantity Surveying 13
 1. Quantifying Works :-
Standard methods of measurement
. B. SUPER STRUCTURE……
4 STEEL TRUSS …. Unit
Fixing accessories
a, Anchor J-bolt No
b, Plates No
5 CARPENTRY AND JOINERY
a, Hollow core flush wooden door No
b, Laminated MDF board wall cladding m2
c, Gypsum board ceiling m2
d, Galvanized silver metal ceiling m2
e, Chipwood ceiling m2

Quantity Surveying 14
 1. Quantifying Works :-
Standard methods of measurement
. B. SUPER STRUCTURE……
6 METAL WORK Unit
a, metal door made of 38 mm tubular LTZ profiles No
b, metal window (38 mm tubular LTZ profiles) No
7 ALUMINIUM WORK
a, 1.8mm thick iodized aluminium frames
(Type Dx = size: AwXAlcm Door) No
b, 1.8mm thick iodized aluminium frames
(Type Wx = size: AwXAlcm Window) No
c, Curtain wall
(Size: AwXAlcm) No

Quantity Surveying 15
 1. Quantifying Works :-
Standard methods of measurement
. B. SUPER STRUCTURE……
8 FINISHING… Unit
FLOOR & WALL FINISH
a, Plastering m2
b, Wall tile m2
c, Floor tile m2
d, 10cm high skirting ml
e, Wall cladding m2
f, Sill and Threshold ml
g, Coping ml
h, Thread ml
i, Riser ml

Quantity Surveying 16
 1. Quantifying Works :-
Standard methods of measurement
. B. SUPER STRUCTURE……
9 Glazing m2
10 Painting m2
11 Stair Case/Balcony Hand Rail & Baluster
Dia.60mm , 1.2mm thick Stainless steel top horizontal hand
rail, dia. 40mm, 1.2mm thick stainless steel vertical balustrade
c/c 80cm, dia. 20mm horizontal frame and dia. 20mm vertical
guard rail c/c 15cm.
a, On steps/slabs H=90cm ml
b, On wall H=30cm ml
12 a,Pavement m2
b, Ditch ml
c, Curb stone ml
Quantity Surveying 17
 1. Quantifying Works :-
Standard methods of measurement
. B. SUPER STRUCTURE……
13 Sanitary Work
a, Fixtures No
b, Pipes ml
14 Electrical Work
a, Cables ml
b, Conduits/Pipes ml
c, Fittings No

Quantity Surveying 18
There are four clearly defined steps in
preparation of Bill of Quantities:

I. Taking off
II. Squaring
III. Abstracting
IV. Writing the final Bill of Quantity

CONSTRUCTION LAW 19
 1. Quantifying Works :-
Standard methods of measurement
 Preparation of take off sheets
PROJECT:------------------------------------ Page No-----
LOCATION:---------------------------------- Contract No----
CLIENT: -----------------------------------
CONSULTANT:------------------------------
CONTRACTOR:-----------------------------
T D Q ITEM DESCRIPTION T D Q ITEM DESCRIPTION

Quantity Surveying 20
 1. Quantifying Works :- Take off sheets

Quantity Surveying 21
 1. Quantifying Works :- Take off sheets
The process of reading drawings and calculating the amount of
materials/work needed is called taking off.

Quantity Surveying 22
1. Quantifying Works :- Take off sheet formats
1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4

 Column 1 -Timesing column

 Column 2 -Dimension column
 Column 3 -Squaring column
 Column 4 -Description column
Quantity Surveying 23
 1. Quantifying Works :- Take off sheets
 Column 1: is used for stating the number of times an item
occurs and is called the timising column.
 Column 2: is called dimension column as it is used to enter the
dimensions of the items of works.
 The dimensions are entered in the order indicated below:
Length, Width, Height or thickness.
 Column 3: is called squaring column. The stated dimensions in
column 2 are multiplied to determine the quantity of the work
either in m, m2, m3 or in Pcs. or No.
 Column 4: is called description column and description of the
work item is briefly stated.

Quantity Surveying 24
 Prepare Takeoff Sheet
1 2 3
E.g.1
A

Quantity Surveying 25
 Prepare Takeoff Sheet
.
60

Quantity Surveying 26
Prepare Takeoff Sheet of Excavation & Earth work
1. for an average depth of 20cm Site clearance for the given project
2. for Bulk Excavation over the site to Reduce ground level up to an
average depth of 60cm in ordinary soil for the given project
3. for pit excavation to footing foundation in ordinary soil for the
given project
4. for Trench Excavation of masonry foundation not exceeding to a
depth of 150cm deep form RGL level for the given project
periphery .
5. for Back fill material well compacted to an average layer of
20cm Under hard core & around stone masonry.
6. for Cart away Excavated surplus material from site to a distance
of 2km
7. for 25cm thick basaltic or equivalent stone Hard core and
blinded with crushed Aggregate
Quantity Surveying 27
 Prepare Takeoff Sheet for Concrete work of the given
project
8. 50 mm lean concrete quality C-5, with minimum cement content of 150 kg /m3,
of concrete under:-
 a/ footing pads
 b/ stone masonry
 c/ gread beam
9. Reinforced concrete quality C-25,360 kg of cement/m3 filled in to form work
and vibrated around rod reinforcement (Formwork and reinforcement measured
separately) for pit excavation to footing foundation in ordinary soil for the given
project
 a) footing pads
 b) foundation columns
 c) To grade beams
 d) In 150 mm thick basement Floor Slab
10. Zigba wood Formwork 2.5cm thick for
 a) footing pads
 b) foundation columns
 c) To grade beams
11. Reinforcement bars of the project
Quantity Surveying 28
Prepare Takeoff Sheet for Concrete work for the given
project
 Refer BaTCoDA for working spaces
 Working Space for
 Site clearing……… 1500mm to each side
• Site clearance shall be carried out in accordance with the direction of the
Engineer for the area to be cleared.
 Bulk Excavation…. 500mm to each side
 The limits shall be, the surface area covered by the permanent structure
resting on the area of bulk excavation plus the working space allowed for
trench or pit excavations for the foundations of the permanent structure. In
the instance of no limits being established or no permanent structure, the
working space shall be determined by the Engineer but shall not exceed
500mm on either side of the limits of the area to be excavated.
 Pit Excavation………. 250mm to each side
 Trench excavation… 250mm to each side
• Pit and trench excavation shall be measured by adding 250mm to each side
of the dimension giving the surface area of the volume to be excavated.
Quantity Surveying 29
 E.g1. Solution
T D Q IT D E S C R I P T I O N T D Q IT D E S C R I P T I O N
A-Sub-Structure 1.4Trench Excavation
. Excavation and
1 Earthwork 3 3 Axis-1,2 & 3
13.5 1.1Site Clearing 1.05 L=(5.5-2*1.25)m
10 L=(4+5+1.5+2*1.5)m 0.95 W=(0.60+2*0.25)m
135.00 m² W=(5.5+1.5+2*1.5)m 8.98 m3 D= 2.05-0.8=1.25m
11.5 1.2Bulk Excavation 2 6.9 Axis-A & B
8 L=(4+5+1.5+2*0.5)m 1.05 L=(9-2*1.05)m
0.6 W=(5.5+1.5+2*0.5)m 0.95 W=(0.60+2*0.25)m
55.20 m3 13.77 m3 D= 2.05-0.8=1.25m
1.3Pit Excavation 22.74 m3
7 3.5 L=(3+2*0.25)m
2.5 W=(2+2*0.25)m
1.25 D= 2.05-0.8=1.25m
76.56 m3
Quantity Surveying 30
 E.g1. Solution…
Shape No of Total

Member
Location

Ø/mm
Bars No of

Length
.

No of
Bars

Ø10

Ø12

Ø14

Ø16
Ø8
s
Footing 12 4.9 20 7 140 686

Footing 14 2.9 25 7 175 507.5

F. 14 3.3 2 7 14 46.2
Column
16 3.35 4 7 28 93.8

Stirrup 8 1.1 10 7 70 77

77 686 553.7 93.8

0.395 0.617 0.888 1.578

30.42 423.26 491.68 148.02

Quantity Surveying 31
Exercise1Prepare Takeoff Sheet for Septic tank construction

Quantity Surveying 32
Exercise1Prepare Takeoff Sheet for Septic tank construction

Quantity Surveying 33
 Project Work
1. BOQ with Takeoff Sheet
2. Estimate Materials Required to Execute the
Project
3. Estimate the cost of the project with
appropriate cost analysis sheet format by
studying Current market price, Standard
Labour and Equipment productivity.

Quantity Surveying 34
CONSTRUCTION LAW 35
CONSTRUCTION LAW 36