Quarter 4

Self Learning Module 5&6

Solving Word Problems
Involving Triangle Inequalities
and Prove Inequalities in a
Triangle
Prayer
Almighty God
You are the source of life.
We thank You for all the blessings
You have given to us.
Thank You for giving us
another day to learn something new.
Clear our mind
and help us focus.
Guide us and our teacher,
as we study and create new learning experiences.
We pray in the name of Jesus Christ.
Amen
 At the end of this
module, the learners
should…
1. Define triangle inequalities.
2. Apply theorems on triangle inequalities.
3. Proves triangle inequalities in a triangle.
4. Appreciate the relevance of the triangle
inequalities in understanding and
analyzing real-world geometric scenarios.
Read the questions carefully
and choose the letter that
corresponds to the correct
answer.
>
<
=
Guess the gibberish words!

Troengli Oniqaeloty
Thiurim

Triangle Inequality
Theorem
Guess the gibberish words!

Ixtirour Engli
Oniqaeloty Thiurim

Exterior Angle
Inequality Theorem
Guess the gibberish words!

Hungo
Thoarom
Hinge Theorem
Guess the gibberish words!

Cunvirsi uf Hongi
Thiurim

Converse of Hinge
Theorem
Guess the gibberish words!

Inuqiol Sadu
Thuerum

Unequal Side
Theorem
Guess the gibberish words!

Onaqoul Unglas
Thairam

Unequal Angles
Theorem
Solving Word Problems Involving
Triangle Inequalities
Example:

Two groups of bikers leave the same camp

heading in opposite directions, one going to
Rosario and the other is going to Maybunga.
Each group travels 2 miles, then changes
direction and travels 1.2 miles. Group A starts
due east and then turns 45° toward north. Group
B starts due west and then turns 30° toward
south. Which group is farther from camp?
Explain your reasoning.
Solution:
1. Understand the problem - Based on
the word problem, what do we need to
know?

We need to know which group is farther

from the camp.
2. Make a plan - First let’s create a
diagram that will represent the word
problem.

Based on the diagram, what are the

measurement of the two congruent sides?
We have two pairs of congruent sides that
measures 2 miles and 1.2 miles.
3. Solve the Problem - Use linear pairs to find
the included angles for the paths that the
groups take.

Group A: 180° − 45° = 135°

Group B: 180° − 30° = 150°
The included angles are 135° and 150°, using
this information what can we conclude?

Because 150° > 135°, the distance Group B is

from camp is greater than the distance Group A
is from camp by the Hinge Theorem. Therefore,
Group B is farther from the camp.
4. Look Back - because the included angle for
Group A is 15° less than the included angle for
Group B, you can reason that Group A would be
closer to camp than Group B. So, Group B is
farther from camp.
Example #2:
Karl and Kyle play with their roller skates at the
town oval. From the center of the oval, Kerl
Skates 4 meters east and then 5 meters south.
Kyle skates 5 meters west. He then takes a right
turn of 70 and skates 4 meters. Who is farther
from the center of the oval?
Solution:
1. Understand the problem - Based on
the word problem, what do we need to
know?

We need to know who is farther from the

center of the oval.
2. Make a plan - First let’s create a
diagram that will represent the word
problem.
3. Solve the Problem - Use linear pairs to find
the included angles for the paths that the
groups take.

Kyle: 110° and Kerl: 90°

110° > 90°
Therefore, Kyle is farther than Kerl from the
center of the oval. This is in connection with
Hinge Theorem.
4. Look Back - because the included angle of
Kyle is 20° less than the included angle for Kerl,
you can reason that Kerl would be closer to
camp than Kyle. So, Kyle is farther from camp.
Prove Inequalities in a Triangle
Hinge Theorem

Given: △FMA; FA ≅ MR
Prove: FM > AR

Statements Reasons
FA ≅ MR Given
FR ≅ FR Reflexive Property
m∠1 > m∠2 Exterior Angle
Inequality Theorem
FM > AR Hinge Theorem
Prove Inequalities in a Triangle
Converse of Hinge Theorem

Given: AB ≅ CD,
BC < AD
Prove: m∠1 < m∠4

Statements Reasons
AB ≅ CD Given
AC ≅ AC Reflexive Property
BC < AD Given
m∠1 < m∠4 Converse of Hinge
Theorem
Unequal Angles Theorem (Angle-Side
Inequality Theorem) – If one angle is larger
than the other angle, then the side opposite the
larger angle is longer.

Given: LC ≅ UC, CU ≅ KU
m∠K > m∠U
Prove: UL > CK
Statements Reasons
LC ≅ UC, CU ≅ KU Given
m∠K > m∠U Given
UL > CK
If one angle is larger than the other
angle, then the side opposite the larger
angle is longer (Unequal Angles Theorem
or Angle-Side Inequality Theorem)
Unequal Side Theorem (Side-Angle Inequality
Theorem) - If one side is longer than the other
side, then the angle opposite the longer side is
larger.

Given: YR ≅ LI, IY > RL

Prove: CI > CR
Statements Reasons
YR ≅ LI, IY > RL Given
m∠R > m∠I If one side is longer than the other side,
then the angle opposite the longer side is
larger (Unequal Side Theorem)

CI > CR
If one angle is larger than the other
angle, then the angle opposite the larger
side is larger (Unequal Angle Theorem)
 ACTIVITY 1: LET’S PRACTICE
Directions: Read and study the situation below.
Support your answer with the most applicable
theorem.
From the park, Dave rides his
horse due north for 3 miles and
then turns N 120 W for 1.5
miles. Ellen leaves the park and
rides her horse 3 miles due
south and then turns due east
for 1.5 miles. Which rider is now
farther from the park?
ACTIVITY 2: KEEP PRACTICING
Given the lengths of the sides, identify the
largest and smallest angles in each triangle.

1. ∆FUN: FU = 16, UN = 9, and FN = 12

2. ∆JOY: JO = 5, OY = 8, and JY = 10
3. ∆GOT: GO = 7, OT = 11, and GT = 14

B. Given the measures of two angles, identify the

longest side and shortest side in each triangle.

4. ∆LOV: ∠L = 32° and ∠O = 95°

5. ∆LET: ∠L = 20° and ∠E = 105°
Ponder on this…
Give me an example where you can apply the
triangle inequalities in real life situation?

 Road Trip Planning: The triangle inequality helps in choosing the

most efficient route between multiple cities by ensuring the
direct distance between two cities is shorter than traveling
through a third city.
 Networking: In computer networking, the triangle inequality is
used to determine the shortest path for data packets to travel
between nodes, optimizing network performance.
 Supply Chain Logistics: When transporting goods through
multiple hubs or distribution centers, the triangle inequality
ensures that the total distance traveled is minimized by selecting
the most direct and efficient routes between locations.
Ponder on this…
Given a triangle ABC where side AB is longer than side BC, and angle B is larger than angle
C, analyze how the Exterior Angle Inequality Theorem, Hinge Theorem, and Unequal Side
Theorem can be collectively used to predict and validate the relationships between the
sides and angles of the triangle.

The Exterior Angle Inequality Theorem suggests that the exterior angle (angle A in this
case) is greater than either of the interior opposite angles (angles B and C). This reinforces
the observation that angle B is larger than angle C.

The Hinge Theorem states that if two sides of one triangle are congruent to two sides of
another triangle, and the included angle of the first is larger than the included angle of the
second, then the third side of the first triangle is longer than the third side of the second
triangle. Here, side AB is longer than side BC, and angle B is larger than angle C, confirming
this theorem.

The Unequal Side Theorem posits that if one side of a triangle is longer than the second
side, then the angle opposite the longer side is larger than the angle opposite the second
side. In this scenario, side AB being longer than side BC supports this theorem by indicating
that angle B is larger than angle C.
Directions: Refer to the figure below. Read each item carefully.
Choose the letter of the best answer to complete the statement.

POST
For numbers 1 and 2, refer to the figure on the right.
1. Based on the diagram at the right, which angle is bigger?
A. ∠A
B. ∠C
C. ∠1
D. ∠2
2. Which of the following theorems is applied?
A. Hinge Theorem
B. Converse of Hinge Theorem
C. Exterior Angle Theorem
D. Unequal Angle Theorem
3. In ∆GUD, GU = DU and GD >DU. Which of the following statements may NOT be

TEST
true?
A. GU < GD – DU C. m∠U > m∠D
B. m∠U > m∠G D. m∠D = m∠G
4. In ∆LOT , If LO = 5, OT = 8 and LT = 3, which statement is true?
A. m∠O > m∠T C. m∠T > m∠L
B. m∠O > m∠L D. m∠L > m∠O
5. Which theorem justifies the statement in number 4?
A. Triangle Inequality Theorem
B. Exterior Angle Inequality Theorem
C. Unequal Side Theorem
D. Unequal Angles Theorem
Assignment:
Direction: Using Hinge Theorem and its converse,
write >, <, or = to complete the conclusion
Assignment:
Direction: Complete the table below.
 REFERENCES
Books

Alferez, Merle S. and Lambino, Alvin E. MSA Geometry.

Quezon City. MSA Academic Advancement Institute,
2004.

Abuzo, Emmanuel P. and others. Learners Material for

Mathematics Grade 8. Quezon City. Department of
Education, 2013

Oronce, Orlando and Mendoza, Marilyn E-MATH

WorkText in Mathematics 8. Manila, Rex Book Store,
Inc., 2015.