Ho Chi Minh City

University of Technology and Education

INTRODUCTION TO AUTOMOTIVE
ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC
SYSTEMS

Do Van Dung, Ass. Prof. PhD

Faculty of Vehicle Engineering
Email: dodzung@hcmute.edu.vn
Mobile: 0903644706
 Learning materials
1. Automobile electrical and electronic systems. Tom Denton
2. Understanding automotive electronics. W. Ribbens
3. Điện động cơ và điều khiển động cơ. Đỗ Văn Dũng
4. Điện thân xe và điều khiển tự động ô tô. Đỗ Văn Dũng
 Assessment
A. Group essay every two chapters. Submit in
week 2, 4,6,8,10,12,14.
B. Tasks during lectures (bonus).
C. Mid-term assessment (week 7-8): 120 multi
choice questions and 5 essay questions in 120
minutes.
D. Final assessment: 150 multi choice questions
and final essay in 150 minutes.
Learning by making project could be replaced
with final assessment.
Score = (average score of group essay + mid-
term score)/4 + final assessment score/2 +
bonus.
 Video clips to watch
1. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K3XnoASQqpY&t=41s
2. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1XPThU0yrgk
3. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=soKK76KwHB4
4. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L7C1rVzI7kE
5. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hAjM9Gk63M4
6. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tsA7UFP21ZQ
7. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OGa_b26eK2c
8. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bETb6A2a8tc&t=129s
9. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ERC9c_EQdZs
10. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UAeKTlieYhw
11. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n594CkrP6xE
12. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GHhcyH99inE
13. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h3FsEV49CvM
14. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UTgc44iqd1c
Automotive electrical and electronic systems
 Main systems

1.Starting (Cranking)
2.Charging
3.Engine control (ignition, fuel,
emission…)
4.Lighting and signal systems
5.Infotainment system
6.Automotive control system (ABS, AT,
EBD, ESP…)
7.Air conditioning system
8.Accessories
Components of a circuit
Serial Circuits
 Series Circuits

•A series circuit has only one path for current.

That means current is the same through every
part of the circuit.
• If any part of the circuit is broken or
disconnected, the whole circuit will stop
working.
•No current is present in a series circuit unless
there is continuity through the entire circuit.
•You can use Ohm's Law to predict the
behavior of electricity in a circuit.
Voltage Drops in a Series Circuits
Parallel Circuits
 Parallel Circuits
A parallel circuit has these key features:
• Total current equals the sum of the branch currents.
• Resistance of each branch determines the current
through each branch.
• If the branch resistances are the same, branch
currents will be the same.
• If the branch resistances are different, the current in
each branch will be different.
• The voltage drop across each load resistance is the
same. This is because the source voltage is applied
equally to each branch.
• The equivalent resistance of the circuit is less than
the smallest branch resistance.
Circuit Connection
Source Control and Ground Control Circuits
Electrical Symbols
Wiring Diagram
FUSE BOX
FUSE BOX
HEAVY DUTY FUSE COLOR CODES
FUSE COLOR CODES
TROUBLESHOOTING PROCEDURES

S-S-C-C
CAR WIRING HARNESS
CAR WIRING HARNESS
CAR WIRING HARNESS
 MOTORS IN CAR

RADIATOR
FAN MOTOR STARTER MOTOR

FUEL PUMP
A/C BLOWER POWER WINDOW
MOTOR
MOTOR MOTOR
COILS, SOLENOIDS
 SWITCHES
A switch is a device to interrupt the current flow in a circuit. Switch
can make or break an electrical circuit. They are: Mechanical (NO,
NC…) & Electronic (Diode, Transistor, Thyristor…)

Types of mechanical switches: Single Pole Single Throw Switch

(SPST), Single Pole Double Throw Switch (SPDT), Double Pole
Single Throw Switch (DPST), and Double Pole Double Throw
Switch (DPDT).
MECHANICAL SWITCHES

• Push SW
• Pull SW
• Toggle SW
• Limit SW
• Float SW
• Flow SW
• Pressure SW
• Temperature SW
• Rotary SW
 Relay
Relays are used throughout the automobile. Relays
which come in assorted sizes, ratings, and
applications, are used as remote control switches
Relay layout
Relay
Types of relay
 Capacitor

Capacitors have the ability to absorb and store an

electrical charge and then release it into the circuit.
Noise suppression— Noise in an audio system is
often caused by AC electrical voltage riding on top of
the DC voltage supplying power to a radio or tape
player.
Spike suppression— A capacitor can absorb voltage
spikes in a circuit.
Timers— A resistor put in series with a capacitor can
keep current flowing in a circuit for a specified amount
of time after power from the source has been
removed.
 Diode
Diodes block current flow in one direction and pass current in
the opposite direction.
This is accomplished by joining a layer of P type material and a
layer of N type material during manufacturing.
 Diode
Rectification— Since a diode will allow current to
flow in one direction and not the other, it can be used
to turn alternating current into direct current.
OR gate
 Diode
As the rectifier for alternator

Protection reverse polarity Protection from reverse current

 Transistor

A transistor can be used as an amplifier to control

electric motor speed such as A/C blower motors, or as
solid state switches to control actuators such as fuel
injectors.
Transistor (BJT, FET)
 VOLTAGES

• Nominal voltages
• Dual voltage
• Multi-voltage
• DC & AC
• Battery voltages for EV
 OHM LAW

• I=U/R I
• U=I x R
• R=U/I R

U
 REQUIREMENTS
• Operating temperature
• Humidity
• Vibration
• High voltage impulse
• Reliability
• Electromagnetic interference
• Electrostatic
 SINGLE WIRE SYSTEM

• Wires & wiring harness

• Connectors
• Single conductor system: advantages
and disadvantages. Earth (ground)
and attention
• Cable calculation by loads and wire
length
• CAN bus
 HOMEWORK AND TASK
1- Discussion on how to increase reliability of electrical and
electronic components in Vietnamese climate condition.
2- Main systems’ wiring diagrams with colors of Toyota Camry
(2015-2022)
3- Main systems’ wiring diagrams with colors of Ford
Everest(2015-2022)
4- Main systems’ wiring diagrams with colors of Hyundai Tucson
(2015-2022)
5- Main systems’ wiring diagrams with colors of Honda CRV
(2015-2022)
6- Main systems’ wiring diagrams with colors of Mercedes (any
model) (2015-2022)
7- Main systems’ wiring diagrams with colors of Kia (any model)
(2015-2022)
8- Compare the wire colors between Japanese and European cars
 HOMEWORK AND TASK
9- Advantages and Problems of single wire system
10- Projects: Design and make the voltage converter DC-DC 12V
to 5V, 24V
11- Projects: Design and make the voltage inverter 12V DC –
220V AC
12- Design and analyze a 72V electrical systems
13- Vehicle data transmission
14- Wireless charging for EV battery
15- Vehicle Wireless Energy Transmission
16- Charging car battery with solar energy
17- Vehicle CAN systems
18- Electromagnetic interference
19- Charging levels, voltages of EV batteries
20- Electric motors using in modern cars