PHYSICAL

SECURITY
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TOPICS
 Areas of Security and Protective Security System
 Barriers
 Protective Lighting
 Protective Alarms
 Protective Lock and Key Control
 Security Cabinet
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AREAS OF SECURITY AND

PROTECTIVE SECURITY SYSTEM
PHYSICAL SECURITY PERSONNEL SECURITY INVESTIGATION (PSI)
– a system of barriers placed between the It is an inquiry into the character, reputation, discretion, integrity,
potential intruder and the objects/matter to be morals, and loyalty of an individual in order to determine a
protected. It is the broadest branch of security, person’s suitability for appointment or access to classified
which is concerned with physical measures matter.
adopted to prevent unauthorized access to
equipment, facilities, materials and documents
and to safeguard them against espionage,
sabotage, damage and theft.
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AREAS OF SECURITY AND

PROTECTIVE SECURITY SYSTEM
DOCUMENT AND INFORMATION SECURITY
- Security involving the protection of documents and information from loss, access by unauthorized persons

- Prescribes the policies and establishes the standard basic procedures governing the
classification and security of official matter.
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AREAS OF SECURITY AND

PROTECTIVE SECURITY SYSTEM
FACTORS THAT BRING INSECURE
CONDITION:
1. Threat
– An indication of impending danger or harm;
- positive inimical acts
2. Hazard
– A chance of being injured or harmed;
-passive inimical acts
3. Vulnerability
– inability to withstand the effects of a hostile environment
-measure of how open an establishment to intrusion, attack or
injury
4. Risk
– is the potential that a chosen action or activity (including the
choice of inaction) will lead to a loss (an undesirable outcome).
-probability of an event to happen that will lead to loss
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AREAS OF SECURITY AND
PROTECTIVE SECURITY SYSTEM
SECURITY HAZARD
An act or condition which results in a situation
conducive to a breach of the protection system
and the subsequent loss or compromise, or
damage to personnel, property or facilities.
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KINDS OF HAZARDS
1. Man-Made Hazards – an acts or conditions affecting the
safe of operation of the facility caused by human action,
accidental or intentional. It includes sabotage, espionage,
pilferage and theft.
2. Natural Hazard – cause by natural phenomena which cause
damage, disturbance and problems of normal functioning
activities, including security. It includes flood, lighting, storms
and volcanic eruptions.
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BARRIERS
BARRIER – can be defined as any structure or
physical device capable of restricting, deterring,
delaying, illegal access to an installation.
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Generally, a barrier is use for the following purposes:
1. Outline the perimeter of the area to be secured;
2. Create a physical and psychological deterrent to
unauthorized entry;
3. Delay intrusion, thus facilitating apprehension of intruders;
4. Assist in more efficient and economical employment of
guards;
5. Facilitates and impose the control of pedestrian and
vehicular traffic.
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BARRIERS
1. FIRST LINE OF DEFENSE – Perimeter barrier/fences - a medium or structure which defines the physical limits of an
installation or area to restrict or impede access thereto.
2. SECOND LINE OF DEFENSE – Doors, floors, windows, walls, roofs and grills.
3. THIRD LINE OF DEFENSE – Storage system like steel cabinets, safes, vaults and interior files.
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BARRIERS
GENERAL TYPES OF PHYSICAL BARRIER:
1. NATURAL BARRIER – include mountains, rivers, seas, desserts or terrain difficult to traverse. To be fully effective, these
barriers must be under surveillance of guards.
2.STRUCTURAL OR MAN-MADE BARRIER – structural constructions made by man like fences, walls, floors, roofs, grill or
other physical means to deter or impede penetration.
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BARRIERS
TYPES OF FENCES
1. SOLID FENCE – Constructed in such away that visual access through the fence is denied. Its advantage is that it denies
the opportunity for the intruder to become familiar with the personnel, activities and the scheduled movements of the security
personnel. On the other hand, it prevents the guards from observing the area around the installation and it creates shadow
that may be used by the intruder for cover and concealment.

WALL – Masonry wall should have the same as the chain linked and surrounded by the barbed wire as top guard.
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BARRIERS
2. FULL VIEW FENCE – It is constructed in such a way that visuals access is permitted through the fence. Its advantage is
that it allows the security personnel to keep the surrounding of the installation under observation. On the other hand, it allows
the intruder to become familiar with the movements the security personnel.
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BARRIERS
- Securely fastened to rigid material or reinforced concrete;
TYPES OF FULL VIEW FENCE
- Reach within 2 inches of hard ground or paving;
1. CHAIN LINK FENCE
- On soft ground, it must reach below surface deep enough to
- Should be constructed minimum
compensate for shifting soil or sand.
height of 7 feet excluding top guard;
- 9 gauges or heavier;
- Mesh openings of not larger 2 inches per side;
- Twisted;
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BARRIERS
3. Concertina Wire or Dannert Wire – is a type of barbed
2. BARBED WIRE FENCE - is a type of fencing wire
wire or razor wire that is formed in large coils which can be
constructed with sharp edges or points arranged at intervals
expanded like a concertina.
along the strand(s). It is used to construct inexpensive
-Opened concertina wire is 50 feet long and 3 feet diameter.
fences.
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SECURITY LIGHTING
SECURITY LIGHTING 2. It gives psychological fear, which serves as a deterrent to
Provides sufficient illumination to areas during hours of thieves, pilferers, trespassers, and sabotage;
darkness. 3. It makes easier. The routine of work of guards in identifying
employees, vehicles during night time;
PURPOSES OF SECURITY LIGHTING 4. If placed in certain areas, may even reduce the number of
1. It improves visibility so that intruders can be seen, stationary guards, and instead, may require only roving patrols
identified and apprehend; at night.
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SECURITY LIGHTING
TYPES OF SECURITY LIGHTING 2. Standby Lighting – similar to continuous lighting but can be
1. Stationary Luminary – most common type consisting turned on manually or by special device
of fixed series of luminaries. It is commonly used on entry or other automatic means, when there is a suspicion of entry.
gates of employees and vehicles. 3. Emergency Lighting – stand by lighting which can be
>Glare Protection Type – The intensity is focused to the utilized in the event of electrical failure.
intruder while the observer or the guard remain in
comparative darkness.
>Controlled lighting- The lighting is focused on certain
objects than the background.
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PROTECTIVE ALARMS
Is an aural or visual signal given by the annunciator to the security when intruder actuate certain devices in a
protected area. An annunciator is a visual or audible signaling device, which initiates conditions of associated circuits.

Basically, alarm system are designed to alert security personnel of a attempted or consummated intrusion into an
area, building or compound. Each type of alarm is activated in the event that an intruder tampers with the circuitry, a beam or
radiated waves. Alarm are also for fire, smoke, or other emergencies and presence of hazards.
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PROTECTIVE ALARMS
THREE BASIC PARTS OF ALARM
1. Sensors
- device that can sense an abnormal condition within the system and provide a signal indicating the presence or nature of the
abnormality
2. Circuit
- It is the communication channel that conveys the information from all sensors in the system to the signal by means of wire,
radio waves.
3. Signal
- The actual alarm may be audible or silent, a bell, buzzer, phone ringing, or flashing of light.
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PROTECTIVE ALARMS
TYPES OF PROTECTIVE ALARM
1. Central Station System – Several separate compounds tie their alarm system to a central station so that in case of need,
the central station calls for assistance to the police, fire department, hospital or with other government assisting units.
2. Proprietary System – Similar to the central station type excepts that the proprietary console is located inside the
subscribers installation who owns or bases the system.
3. Auxiliary System – An installation owned system which is a direct extension of the local enforcement agency and/or fire
department by special arrangements.
4. Local Alarm System – Consists of rigging up a visual or audible alarm near the object to be protected. In case of alarm,
response will be made by the local guards and other personnel within sight or hearing.
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PROTECTIVE LOCKS AND KEY

CONTROL
LOCK – defined as mechanical, electrical, hydraulic or electronic device designed to prevent entry to a
building or room.
Type of Locks
1. Key – Operated Lock - It uses some sort of arrangement of internal physical barriers which prevent the lock from
operating unless they are properly aligned. The key is the device used to align these internal barriers so that the lock may be
operated.
PADLOCK – a portable and detachable lock having a pivoted or sliding hasp which possess through a staple ring, or the like
and is made fast or secured.
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PROTECTIVE LOCKS AND KEY
CONTROL
2. COMBINATION LOCK – a lock that requires manipulation
of parts according to a predetermined combination code of
numbers.
3. CARD OPERATED LOCK/CODED LOCK – type of lock
that can be opened by inserting a coded card in a slot in the
lock, or by pushing the correct button on the surface of the
lock.
4. ELECTRONIC LOCK – type of lock that can be closed
and opened remotely by electronic means.
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BIOMETRICS
- A machine that can be used for identification of humans by
their characteristics or traits.
- It is used as a form of identification and access control.
- It is equipped with recording device that can identify the
person operating the lock and the time it was
operated.
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PROTECTIVE LOCKS AND KEY

CONTROL
KEY CONTROL Change Key - a key to a single lock
– defined as the management of keys in a plant or business Sub-Master Key - a key that can open all locks within a
organization to prevent unauthorized individual access to the particular area or grouping.
keys. Master Key – a special key capable of opening a series of
locks
Grand Master Key – a key that can open everything in a
system involving two or more master key
groups.
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PROTECTIVE LOCKS AND KEY

CONTROL
PETERMAN
-A term used in England for lock picker, safecrackers, and penetrators of restricted areas or rooms.

FALSE KEY
- Genuine key stolen from the owner
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SECURITY CABINET
The final line of defense at any facility is in the high security storage where
papers, records, plans or cashable instrument, precious metals or other especially valuable
assets are protected. These security containers will be of a size and quantity, which the
nature of the business dictates.
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SECURITY CABINET
Types of Security Cabinet
a. Safe - it is a metallic container used for the safekeeping of documents or small items in an office or installation.
> Its weight must be at least 750 lbs, and should be anchored to a building structure.
> Its body should at least one inch thick steel.
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SECURITY CABINET
b. Vault – it is heavily constructed fire and burglar resistance container usually a part of the building structure used to keep
and protect cash, documents and negotiable instruments.
> The vault door should be made of steel at least 6 inches in thickness.
> The vault walls, ceiling, floor reinforce concrete at least 12 inches in thickness.
> The vault must be resistive up to 6 hours.
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SECURITY CABINET
c. File Room – it is a cubicle in a building constructed a little lighter than a vault but of bigger size to accommodate limited
people to work on the records inside.
> The file room should at most be 12 feet high.
> It must have a watertight door and at least fire proof for one hour.
THANK
YOU
Floria, Jorge Steven
Faron, Lenier
Veyra, Connan Lee
Espadero, Stephamie