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TABLE OF INFORMATION FOR 2002CONSTANTS AND CONVERSION FACTORS1 unified atomic mass unit,
1 u1661027
= =
-
.kg931MeV/ 2
c
Proton mass,
m
p
= ×
−
16710
27
.kg
Neutron mass,
m
n
= ×
−
16710
27
.kg
Electron mass,
m
e
= ×
−
91110
31
.kg
Magnitude of the electron charge,
e
= ×
−
16010
19
.C
Avogadro’s number,
N
0231
60210
= ×
−
.mol
Universal gas constant,
R
=
¼
831./()JmolK
Boltzmann’s constant,
k
B
= ×
−
13810
23
.J/K
Speed of light,
c
= ×
30010
8
./ ms
Planck’s constant,
hhc
= ×= ×= ×= ×
−−−
⋅⋅⋅⋅
66310414101991012410
3415253
....JseVsJmeVnm
Vacuum permittivity,
01222
88510
= ×
−
⋅
./ CNm
Coulomb’s law constant,
k
= = ×
⋅
149010
0922
/./
π
NmC
Vacuum permeability,
µ π
07
410
= ×
−
⋅
()/ TmA
Magnetic constant,
k
=TmA
0
µ π
/()/ 410
7
=
−
⋅
Universal gravitational constant,
G
=
¼
-
66710
1132
./ mkgs
Acceleration due to gravityat the Earth’s surface,
g
=
98
2
.m/s
1 atmosphere pressure,
110101010
525
atmN/mPa
= ×= ×
..
1 electron volt,
116010
19
eVJ
= ×
−
.
UNITSNameSymbolmetermkilogramkgsecondsampereAkelvinKmolemolhertzHznewtonNpascalPa jouleJwattWcoulombCvoltVohm
Ω
henryHfaradFteslaTdegreeCelsius
o
C
electron-volteVPREFIXESFactorPrefixSymbol
10
9
gigaG
10
6
megaM
10
3
kilok
10
2
−
centic
10
3
−
millim
10
6
−
micro
µ
10
9
−
nanon
10
12
−
picopVALUES OF TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONSFOR COMMON ANGLES
θ
sin
θ
cos
θ
tan
θ
0
o
01030
o
1/232 /33 /
37
o
3/54/53/4
45
o
22 /22 /1
53
o
4/53/54/3
60
o
32 / 1/23
90
o
10
∞
The following conventions are used in this examination.I.Unless otherwise stated, the frame of reference of any problem is assumed to be inertial.II.The direction of any electric current is the direction of flow of positive charge (conventional current).III.For any isolated electric charge, the electric potential is defined as zero at an infinite distance from the charge.*IV.For mechanics and thermodynamics equations,
W
represents the work done on a system.*Not on the Table of Information for Physics C, since Thermodynamics is not a Physics C topic.
ADVANCED PLACEMENT PHYSICS B EQUATIONS FOR 2002
NEWTONIAN
MECHANICSELECTRICITY AND MAGNETISM
uu u uu m u t q p p
= += + += + -Ê = ===== ==== === == -===== -= -
0002202022212212
1221212221
at x x t at a x xmF N ar r mt K mU mghW F r PW t P F k U kxT mk T gT f F Gm mr U Gm mr
net css p
fricgavgsGG
0 5
FFapvJ FpFFx
F
sin
q u uq
DD D DD D
rFv
coscos
l
a
=acceleration
F
=force
f
=frequency
h
=height
J
=impulse
K
=kinetic energy
k
=spring constant
l
=length
m
=mass
N
=normal force
P
=power
p
=momentum
r
=radius or distance
r
=position vector
T
=period
t
=time
U
=potential energy
u
=velocity or speed
W
=work done on a system
x
=position
m
=coefficient of friction
q
=angle
t
=torque
F q qr qU qV q qr E V d V qr C QV C Ad U QV CV I Qt R AV IRP IV C C C C R R R RF q BF BI BI r BAt B
E avgiiiavgii B B
c piisiisi pim
m
=== == −==== ============= == −=
∑
∑∑∑∑
•
141414121211112
0120120020
2
p p p u m p f f u
e e
EFBA
DDDD
ρ θ θ θ
l
sinsincos
ll
avg
A
=area
B
=magnetic field
C
=capacitance
d
=distance
E
=electric field
e
=
emf
F
=force
I
=current
l
=length
P
=power
Q
=charge
q
=point charge
R
=resistance
r
=distance
t
=time
U
=potential (stored) energy
V
=electric potential orpotential difference
u
=velocity or speed
r
=resistivity
f
m
=magnetic flux
ADVANCED PLACEMENT PHYSICS B EQUATIONS FOR 2002FLUID MECHANICS ANDTHERMAL PHYSICSWAVES AND OPTICS
p p ghF Vg A A p gyT Q mLQ mc T pF A pV nRT K k T RT M k T W p V Q nc T U Q W U nc T eW QeT T T
buoyavg Brms BV H c H C H
= +==+ + ======== == -== +===-
0112220
123233
r r uu rru m
const.
DD D D D D DD
l l
a u
A =
area
c
=specific heat or molarspecific heat
e
=efficiency
F
=force
h
=depth
K
avg
=average molecularkinetic energy
L
=heat of transformation
l
=length
M
=molecular mass
m
=mass of sample
n
=number of moles
p
=pressure
Q
=heat transferred to a system
T
=temperature
U
=internal energy
V
=volume
u
=velocity or speed
u
rms
=root-mean-squarevelocity
W
=work done on a system
y
=height
a
=coefficient of linearexpansion
µ
=mass of molecule
r
=density
u u qqqql l
====+ == = -==
f ncn ncnnsis f M hihsis f Rd m xmm Ld
l
112221000
1112sinsinsinsin
d
=separation
f
=frequency or focallength
h
=height
L
=distance
M
=magnification
m
=an integer
n
=index of refraction
R
=radius of curvature
s
=distance
u
=speed
x
=position
l
=wavelength
q
=angle
ATOMIC AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS
E hf pcK hf h p E m c
= == −==
max
()
f l
DD
2
E
=energy
f
=frequency
K
=kinetic energy
m
=mass
p
=momentum
l
=wavelength
f
=work function
GEOMETRY AND TRIGONOMETRY
RectangleTriangleCircleParallelepipedCylinderSphereRight Triangle
A bh A bh A r C r V whV r S r r V r S r a b cacbcab
======= +==+ ====
12222434
22232222
p p p pp p p q q q
lll
sincostan
A
=area
C
=circumference
V
=volume
S
=surface area
b
=base
h
=height
l
=length
w
=width
r
=radius
cab
90
q
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