E

SH E.~pnOGK ?IOU NTAINS.

423
cent lend, the higher grade. currying 5 to 6 oxidntion produetso( thesesulphidt'S ingunrrues
OU'
lces of silver. A little gold h as 1160 becu of tI oI~m .'te, C.l Icite, . '
nnd minor quartz "
. Thr-ir
reported. 1'ho .ni.ne hilS been worked inter- USllnl silver cont ent averuges 3 to 5 ounces, but.
lIlitt-ently und has shipped only aoout 15 enr- ill sO~le deposits rises to 10 OUIICt'S pc.r ton ..
londs oCore in more th"l1 20 years. Ko zine The ~'ze5 und shapes of tho ore bodies vury IIC-
hRS been found. eOl'dll;g to conditions; some stmag fiSSlll'l'S
Al'broa.lh minc. -The Arbl'Outh shoft is about contlllll contllluoU5 veins, ulllI somo pel'meablo
nu eighth of a mile nOI't.h of the YelJowstone, beds of PUl'O limest ono :11'0 rnlh Ol' cx toIl.,;j,'ely
i.n 11 low spur wl~l ch seplt~ntea tho south fork i'(,placcd; but nl'gillaccous unci dolomitic beds
(ro lll the uorth l ork of 1: cUowstolJe C,myon. hl1ve yielded only small bodies of high-gl'llde
Tbo millennl on tho dnmp shows the mmerl1li- 1Ore ilnd IL fm," moro ,,,,to'L,i,,,; bodies of milling
,ution to be of the sllme type us that of th e 01'1) .
Yelluwstone mine. 'fhe OJ'e found during I 'l'h o 01'0 bodies of the Cllllyon Rnllrto nro no
assessment work is repor terl to be of two oxc.cpt.ion to t.his rule. Th~o lllincd\","o I'e-
grodes, t.he highel' currying 76 pel' cent lend "lured dolomit.ie limesl.oao lwds .I ULlO' their
~nd !l ounces of silver and the lower 10 to 11 iutel':;ect.ions with ll .. I'!'OW nSS\ll'es IInlllll: smull
per cent len d olld 1 ounc,e of silver. Only u or of low gn"l". Tho highor-b'Tude 01'0 bodil>;;
. mnll qunnti ty of ore h ilS been found tI,us fnr. mny be mined nt ilO gl'cnt expense, but tho
Wood C'a.nyon yroul'.- Tho '''ood Conyon cost oC prospecting fllr new bodit·s "ft cr old
group "f claims is on the nort.h sido of Wood ones huvo become exhllllstcd is lil,ely to cqunl
Cllll}'on and includes the uppermost beds of the or exceed the net recoipts from me s"les.
limestone formotion. The mineralized out- Smull coppl'r prospects found nenl' th e lend
erop is It brown, rust-stnined dolomitic bed , anti zille mines in sonIC (If (,],0 dist.ricts Illlnwcl
c.ont!lining n large nmollilt of ferruginous dolo- fire qlll~l'tz VOilL'J ('ontlli.lling ehnlcopyrite and
mito "pn.r, white WhOI'D fresh lind brown where . pyrito or Uwir oxid".tio)l prod:wts III HI lire
",enthored, through which nrc scuttercrl groins eonfined to the siliceolls roeks- -'lunrtzite,
(If galenu und yoIlo,,;sh-brown zinc blende. schist, 01' grnnit e. The copper prospcd8 of
The st.oined mc k is closely ussociatcd with two tho Callyon Runge may, f"om th e 1l101lgc.r
fi,mres , oue t.rending north !tnrl the other S. knowledge Iwuiluble, be cl"ssed with t.his ty pe.
55' E., bolh of whose outcrops nre marked by A Cew veins iutel'l11eliiuto in eompositioll be-
,haJlo,,' gulches. tween tbese li nd the leatl and zinc dcpcsits hllvo
been found, 8ugg('Stillg that, t.he two t.yP(\S Wt)rO
COPPER PROSPECTS.
derived ft'om II common source. NOllU of til ('Sc
,\. small coppcr prospect ill qU!lltzite on Ul~ copper-bellring veins lIppcllr to have yielded
low ridge just north of the mouth of F ool steady shipmonts of ore.
Cl'eck conyon consis ts of minerlllizoo white
,ei" quartz with numerous fmctures sttlined SHEEPROCK MOUNT.UNS.
by 61ms of green and blue copper curbouat.es, By r.. F. LoUOHLIN .
and eontniningsmall spots llnd potches of rlnrk-
brown iron oxirlc evidently dcriverl t.hrough GENERAL FEATURES .
oxidation of pyrite l1url chnleopyrite. Other The Slweprock ~[ount.lLi ng (lig. 40) form
COpper and lead prospects hu.e been reported a nArrow mngc "bout 20 n~il "s loug 0 thli~
along Dry Canyon, south of Oak Creek. trends northwest ncross louglt.ude 112 30
I W. Illid lntit.ude 40 0 N. Th ey lie between the
COIIPAIUSOI< WITH ORES OF OTHER DISTRICTS. I Simpson Mountaills on tho west und tho West
Tho lentl nnd le.td-zinc ores of tho Conyon I Tintic Mountains on the Cllst·, uno form 11.
Range lire simi},,1' in minel'fllogy und mode of southwlll'rl con tinunt.ion of the Onnqui Rllnge,
oecu~~nce t.o certuin ores in the N oit h Tintic, separated from it hy ulow pliSS west of FI1US~S.
E~ ImtlC, Suntaquin, und Mount N ebo <lis- Mini.ng districts in t.ho range nro the Colllmbll1.,
tntt.. The ores of these dist.ricts lire, 118 Ii rule, tho eastern pm-t of t.h~ Erickson, the Bille
~ther remote from impOI'tnnt bodies of intru- Bells, IIlld tho West Tintic. .
SiVa tgncous rock lind consist essent.inlly of Tho highC'St summits of the runge r'se 7,000
galen.
I
, zillc blendo , and Illore or less p~ite
..I ' ,
or feet nnd more Il.bo,'e sell. lovel. Both tho oust
 424 DUE DEPOSITS OF U TAFI.

u..J,A.
~rudcs.'
un d wcs t S IOpl'S are pronooonoeciI but t he west- r 0. merging
. ' wit.
.h out hrenks into the allu-
el'll nrc tl'Ie s t cepeI'. C·'u nyolls• cut b oth the vlnl slopes which fnngo
.
1]10 nll:ge.
• •

west lInfl cust, blls es of the l'tlnge well b ack to- : Mlw)' of Ihe caJlyons COI.lI:lUl l'lllllUng WIl ie r,
wllcd the middl e, Irnving rut.her a n'"Tow : ,mel the bottoms of t,hoso In Ih~ llorthern hnlf
sinuous c)'('St line, Those in and nenr tho grun- : of th e ronge ore covered w,lh n rath er thic;'
ite stock on the west slope (pI. XII, B, 1'.101) , tr~e grow~,h , in m"rked contrust t~ tho ser:'i-
lire distinctly "h anging" in churacter. 'They nnd IIllu"ltll slopes IInel 'T'lilcys ~nto wlu<,h
mllintllin bro"d V-shllJled cr oss sectioJls "Jld they empty. Alth ough the m ountmDSnl'O well
uniform gonlly gruded b ottoms throughout . watored, e,Q,n tho lurgcr slrcu~,s ChgUPPC8r
most of th eir COUffies, but nl'U)' their mouths I ,cry nea r thcll· cunyon mouths. These slrmms

LEGE:ND
, Sf:D'ME NTA~'" AOCKS

,EaAllvvium

~
CQ"bon~upper
Mi Mis$ipp'an) quartz-
ite w ,th Int.ercala ted
II m~tone beds , 1$

'"'
... ''
. ill
': ~ '::.
.: .. .... .-
Ytrttbrian quarhit,.e'

m-.:::l
,. tmr:::J
p'r e- Cumbrj"'I"I1'
q~rtl i te ::.erie::.

'IGNC.O U:; ROCKS

'~
Granojiorite PC!rphyry
end m on~onr t <:

I,'IOU,I); .fG.-RC('onD31~ce ~('OI~ic map crthe Shccprc ~k Y.OUD(lllns IUld put of 11m Wlost TlnUo lfOllnl:Un.i.

the hattom. "I.cepen a\;ruplly lind their creek irrignte a few runcbes nen!' t.be buse of the
heds follow n sharply ~dgzllg course bet.ween runge.
low verticnl wnlls. There IIro no indications GEOLOGY.
of glaciation, ond, os the b,,"o of the runge i.;; The Shee.prock Mountains (see fig. 46) CO\1-
well I1bo"e the highest level of Ln.ke Boone- sist mostlr of sedilllcnLIl.I'Y rocb. Tho m06t
villo, I~ loworing of water l<.w el CIIIl not " "count exteJISiye fornu\tion is " series of dark to light
for tho hangi ng cbllrn.cter. QuiIO p ossibly it is hl'Ownish quart,. ile, sh ale, o'nd conglomernte,
duo 10 II rencw"l of faulting ond upli.ft ill of pl'obuhle pl'e-Cumbrinn ago, th r.t strelche.
I'nllwr l'('rellL I.imcs, since which the small from the soulh eJld of tho mnge for three-
c~eks hllYo bOPII ubI" 10 make. only a begin- f01ll'th s of its length. O,erlying this i.n tho
mng of down l'Utl.ing 1.0 tho new bllso-Ievel. I nortbern purt of tho "\JIgo is n successIOn of
Tho C,lUyoIlS in the cust slopo linve normn1, Cumhriull (IUurt.ite, Rhlllo, nlld limestone. At
 SHEEPROf!I{ MOUN'l'AJNS.
425
the soutbern elld of the rnn!,c, hI t.he West. OV('l'!uill hy ligh t. to d.lrk Wtly limest.ono of
Tint.ic dist.ri"t, un ul'ea of limest.one "f unde- CI\.mtn·j;ln ago. .. .
termined "ge prob'lbly irw lucics Combria n, The light qUllrt.zite ~~ typical on,lrequin's no
)!i,s i~,ipp inn , nlld perlinps int cl'llIcrli ntl\ titl'lIt.ll,
SpCCIO I dl'sel'ipt.ion. Con l.ocl IlIl'tI\nlorpbllim
'fbis limcst.l>ne is sepnmtcd fl'olll t.h" IH'C-Cnm- has Dlad O no cQIl51.picuous change in i Ls
brian (1) 'lwutzitie forrnnlioll by an ovcl't.ln·ust chlll'aclel'.
inuit, All the format,ions dip p"eva ilingly 1'ho chloritic series, wher\.' uflilltercd, is green
llnrt.h ens(,n-ard , lInd nil dip Itt 1,,1" a.ngles, ('xc"p l.
on fn'sh find d,ltk I,rown on \""" thered smillces.
those of the southern limestone "reIl , most· of The pebbles of Ihe e(lnglomerutc consist of vein
\\'hi"h dip steeply. qUllnz, grunit.e, gIldss, our! q1lltl't.z.itc, in a
Igneous rocl.;:s ore repl'(lscnt cd by n prominent snndy mutl'ix of ehlorite, sericite, ond fine
stork of granite or gl'nnodiol'ite in t·he norlh- qUllrtz lind ieldspIII' grllinS. The qllartzilie lind
eentr,,1 part of the TiLlll'e und by SOHI',II slllnll nrkose layers ,u'e of the slime composition lIS
,tocks of granitic" monzoniti('., and rhyolitic. the conglomcl'tlte matrix. 'flu' shnl" difl'ers
rod" 01. the southern curi. Dikes ond sills of lrom t.he quorl.zitic heds in a predominonco of
gruuite., gnlJ1itc or rhyolit e porphyry, find mon- chlorite and serir.ito OWl' qUllrt., Ilnd feluspllr.
7.onite or diorite porphyry arc Itbunda nt in The ILppc.Rfilncc, howe,cr, of the cWOI'itic rocks
I'lo,,('s lind lO"'e been not ed in the vicinity of along the upper slop~s IIml SWlllIlits vlliitccl is
all Dl inN"liz~d orens. mu(,h changed hy contllct ruct.umorphitiffi .
COLUMBIA AND ERICKSON DISTRICTS. They "ppcnr crystnUine, nud at It /{Iunce rony
Tho Columbiu dis trict and t,I;" eastern purt readily be mistn ken for greenstones--chlori-
of tho Erickson dis t,rid (the western part. is in tized dolerite 01' dinhn"c, This is espceinlly
tho Simp"')i1 ~[0Ul.I t.nins) lio in tbe slime mineral- true of tIll' mora orkose hcds, bllt tbe conglom-
izer! Ilrl'8 in tho llorl.h-cent.ral pRrt of tho rtlngc. c.rat c is re"dily idrntified by its pehbles, whieh
The Colllnlhi" district lies ellSt and the Eriek- lire embedded in u erystnllinc mntrix but have
lon distriel west of t·ho diYido. 'fbe geologic lmdrrgollC no conspicuous Chtlllge themselves.
lonn.tions iJiclude pre-Cllmhrinu (1) and CUIlI- The shole beds have lost much of t,hpir shuly
hl'inn :;cdill1C'1l tl1.1'y rocks, the lnl'gcst gl'tlllite churncte.r, lind thc terms hornfels Ilud sluto nre
stock of the rango, and dikes of rhyolite und oppropriute to some of tbem. Mucb of the
monzonile. porphyry. shule along its bedding plurIe," hus developed
i small "knots" or hmlps common to many
GEOLOOY. contact-metumorpbosed Rlu.tes. No ClJ.reful
SEDUlENT..utY RoaRS. study of t.his metamorphism was mnde, but
The sedimentnry rocks overlio tho intrue.i",· t.here seems to buve been little or no cbnnge
granite, striking from northwest to west lind other tban tho rccrystullization of the mincrols
t1ippingnortbenst of nort.b. N car tho intrusivo in the rockwithconsequcntobliterntion of ciI""tic
CO:t!Jld t.his dip is I'll ther steep, avern.giJlg about stl'lleture. The" lrnots" in tb ~ only specimen
·15" N. or )fE., but it nppcU.l'8 to flatten as collected proved in thin sect,ion to be wbolly
,ilstnnre from the c:{)ntl1ct increnses. changed to limoni te,
The pre-Ca.mbrian (?) inclndes hcds of pure The limestono wus not studied, U8 no ore de-
nor! of durk cbloritic qUllrt7.ite, cbloritic sbllle, posits in it haye yct broil reported. Fossils
and poorly assorted conglomern tc. A section said to hnve been found in its basal beds enst
through t,he upper pnrts ()f Hnrd-to-ne~ t Can- of Jomes's rtlIlch near tho north end or the west
yon On the soutbwest nn d of Harker Canyon fn cc of t.btl mng. ·inriicate Middlo Cumhrinu Ilge.
?n the northeast of tho divido shows in IIsceud- L. D. Burling, who identificd the f",,'Sus, reports
lllg1 order, first J n zone of prcvailill"I)' Ii"ht- us follows:
I:' .b
co a~ed quurt.zite just "hove tbe intrusive This h)COllit.y, for wbich lit.~lo B Ln~tigruph.ic infonna.tion
g"on'Le contact; second, " scries of chloritic was obl~ined in th e fi old, can ba dcfioil.oly eorrolatod with
conglomerllte., quurth, ond sholo; thi.rd, 0 zone 1l.sccuon ,,'weh [meaautOO in 100:> in tho Simpson )JOUD.-
of pl'evnilingly lirrht-colored qunrtzite' und taws, where it forme the third limestone Jx.d n.bove the
fa h " , quarLzite series. It. is lHddle Cambrian in age Rod is
Eun ,n zone of green, purple, Dnd hlllck shole. probably to bo corrobt.cd wi th the Wboolar formation in
. .".<b 7.oIlC, however, contains bcds chnmcter- the House Range. It contAins PlycAc;puria /,,"'ingi..rl and
IShCOt f hc other three. The fourlh zone is .Agnostu.s intmtridusf
 ORE DEPOSITS OF UTAH.
426
IGNEOUS ROCKS, and small typical phenocrysts of feldspar u:td
quurtz .. One weilthercd diko of rllther acidic
The granite form. tim south and southwest
monzonIte porphyry cuts the metalllol''Jhi
chloritic s ediments in a saddle on the ere;t o~
precipitous fronts of the rlillge and extends
well up the cnnynns to within a mile of the
the ridge IIbo,-e the Sharp ,mine.
divide. Its upper contllCt slopos eastward and
probably nort.hward, eventulllly d iSl\ppcaring FISSURES,
bencllth the surfaco. The low flnt ridges at
'I'h" princi pal joint systems, i!ldu(ling much
t,]le south bllse of tllo mnge are a130 of disin-
vorticul sheot joint.ing. strike N. 25°-15° W
tegruted grnnite which pusses insensibly inlo
und approx.imll tely nort.he:1St nround the Cop:
~he ll11uvio.l slop<?s of the valley. The granite
pOl' Jack nuncs at tbe south b ttse of the moun-
18 of tbe same general chamcter as that of
t<lins. A milo or more t o the 'west, fit tho
De,ort Mountllin. Its outcrops are in genoro.l
mouth of Hurd-to-Beat Cnnyon, they striko
b'Hlly crumbled to a depth of a foot or moro,
north nnd en$t, northwest, und n ort!:en"t and
und it is thoroughly cut up by verticll.l nn([
minor joints lie in various intermodil\te diJ'ec-
indln.cd sheet jointing, which has permitted
ti~ns. Farthe; north, ?,.'oUJId the Old Sharp
successi,'o thin sheets to be removed by
mme, they strIke prcvuilmgly north and east.
orORion, thus muilltllining nearly vertico.l cliff
In rdl these places the northwest and north
fuces of consi(!ornhle height. The mo.in type
joints dip southwest or west, tho northwest
is light g .... y in eolor and medium to course
generally between 65° and 45° (Iud the north
grui.lIed porphyritic ill texture. Most of the
phenocrysts ure white to pale-pink o.lkalic about 80·. Tho northeust and ellst joints, so
fnr as seen, are mostly verticul, but somo
foldspnr 1 inch or less in length or oro slightly
weuth~rcd smoky quartz in 1'0lL.'1d to iJ"1'egular
nort.heast ones dip steeply southeast. The
gn1ins one-third of lin inch or less in dillmet.or. joint systems show no dir~ot relatiou to the
A few aro flukes of biotite one-oi"hth of nn dikes, but some of them evidently served RS
ilwh (lnd more in dinmeter. The ~'oundmru's channels for ore-forming solutions.
doubtless contllins both plllgioclaso and nlknlic llI STO ny AND rnO Dt:;CTION.
foldspur with qUIU'tzi biotite, nnd minor ucceg-
sone'S, but ,ill th"t. WnS seen wos too badly Dy Y. C, H . nK l'; ~ ,
weuthered to permIt megllScopic qistindiou The Erickson (Blnck Crook) district wos
between the groundmass feld,p"fS find too organizod Januury 30, 1891. No production
crumbly to bo studied in thin section. The from it hus been recorded by the Un ited Stilt""
mnin type is cut by muny 10clI.1 dikes rnn"in" Geological Survey.
from aplito to pegmatite' in texture man; of !he Columbia district, in Tooclo County, 9
them h8.,·ing murgins of aplite and I~ddle 'por- mIlt'S southwest of Vernon, v;os organized H:e
tions of pegmatite or even pure quurtz. Most lator part of 187l. Accordin" to Huntley'
<> •
of the dikes seen tl'ond about N. 25° W. Nenr there was some excitement there in 1871 and
the COlltllct ",iUI the o\'erlying quurtzfte the
1872 aucl again in 1875 And 1876. Iu 1875
grun~t? IS flIlel' grnined but D\ointains the por-
tho Ohio Co. spent " large nmowlt of money
phyrItIC churnctor. This contoct phase, ex-
recklessly lind flliled. The veins worked a,er-
posed along the upper w'alls of cunyons is cut
aged 3 to 4 feet in width, but the oro, which is
by plIl">\l1el joints dipping ubout 40° W.'and So
saId to hlLve nverag~~1 10 t{) 25 onnces of sil,'er
closely nnd evenly spaced thl\t tho rock
nnd 30 t{) 40 per c.en t load W!1-~ of too low grade
r~somblcs fl. sedimorItnry formatioll when
t{) puy ut thnt distancc from .... market.. Sev-
vlowed from tho cllnyon bottoms.
ernl hundred tons were shipped, but dovel-
Two dikes of rhyolite, or quurtz porphyry
wero fOlUnd on J. H. Ekker's Godiva claim
the ~'e"ntrunt nt the south buse of the main work.
it:
opmNlts were, !IS 11 rule, very slight. In 1880
only about 10 claims hud kept up nssessmenl
I
gruuJto b<1y. They trond a little 1Iorth of
. Since 1880 the Shurp mine, u lead-silver-
west aJ\~ dIp 6O~ S. or more, cutt.ing through a
complox of grnlute and metllmorphoseri arkose ZIllC propert.y, hus been the only notable pro-
(whIch resombles fme dark grnnite). They are ducer. In tho It.tor pnrt of 1908 a 50-lOll
I"'h
b t .... • t 0 pn Ie pi'nk., With
b rn)' . d ense groundmnss
. L r~rec iau.s m~l&I b : Tenth C('USllll U. 8., ,·0J. 13, P. 45.;, IS,s.:i.
 SHE~l'nOCK )lOUNTAINS.
427
conccntnllor, equipped with roll., Iltlllf.ingtO!l · The Will! rock, whether n.rkose or grunite, is
screon jig;;, nnd WIlliey tubles, Was bUIlt. altered to IIIl uggregute of qUllrtz und sericite
Some lead coneentrn t{1 WlIS sh ipped in 1908 nnd wblch in pl!lces is impregnated willI con-
~90(1, nnd shipment.~ of leuIl-zinc sulphides sidcrnble speculnrite. GIlIC'nn seems on the
hn,"e hrell reported.' In 1!114 t.he lessees were whole to bo limited to the veins. The tot.... 1
shipping It fnir grude of crude ore. width of tho vcined and imprcgnutcd zone in
OIU: Dr.pOSlTS.
some exposures is 10 to 15 fert. A smllll lind
exccpt.ionnlly rieh sample from 'I shullow pit in
OCCU1lRENCE. AND CHARACTER.
velned and completely silicifi"d grllnit~ is said
The OI'C deposits ,Ire veins in granite or in to h",'e assayed 6 per ernt lend lind );j ounCl'S
qUlll't7.itc, nono in linu">.stono h(l\"'ing h(wll re-
of siker per ton.
portrd. They may be clnssiii,·d os qUintz- This vein zone is close.ly rclutcd to the local
feldsl",r veins carrying spc<uiarite und galena, aplite !lnd pcgmutite dikes ill churncter. Some
qUArtz-fluorite veins enrrying pyrite and chal- phases of t.he grnnite contllin Inrge blebs o(
copyrite (<>opper v"ius), nlld quartz veills eurry- quart7. idcnt.icol in charnet"r with those in
in. pyrite, zinc blende, lind galella (I"nd-7,inc smnll pegmo.tite segrt.'gutions which cont.ain a
veins), Only tho last t.WO are o( economic litUe spceul!lrite ,md possibly onco contai.ned
8. littlo pyrite or guIon. now represented by
interest. The copper deposits lie xIong tho
smull rusted pits. Tho pe>,:muf.ite phuse in
sout.h bose of the grunite stock nnd the lelld-
tW'n appen,>! to grade iuto the quartz-feldspar
zinc deposits to the north in the quart zito alld
veinlets, which contuin welJ-('l'ystallized qUlu'!z
shole on t·he upper slope8; but it is quite pos-
of earlier growth thnn t.he fddspal', und wweh
sible that somo copper oro 11150 UCCIll'S farther
are Ilccompani"d by alteration and impregnll-
north.
QUARTZ-FELDSPAR VEINS, t.ion or t.be Willi roek. Furtl",r ul\tn liS to the
relatiye nge or the "Dius could not bo obtnincd
Tho ono quartz-feldsp'l!, veill fOlild is on A rhyolite ("quartz porphJl'Y") diko, dis-
J. H. };kkres Godi"" claim. A sha\.lcred zone ti.nctly bter thun the aplite and normnl peg-
trending "list (0 eust-southeast through meta- rotltito, forms tbe approximate hllnging wall of
morpbic arkose und granite is lilleu by II net- the vein zone for 11 short distllllce, but the ex-
work of slUull incgular veins which nrc ac- posures nro so poor thnt it could uot be deter-
companied by somo imprcgnllt.ioll ulld 1'el'lllce- milled whether tho ",in is Intel' than the dike
mellt of the wnlls. '1\llus greutly obsc1lf('s the or whether the dike is III tel' than t.he vein lIud
outerol)s , alld D"Dod exposures are scan onh'. ill coinciding with its coume merely by cbance.
a few shollow prospect pits find two short If the dike is luter t.han the vein there mny be
tUlmcls. Tho vein matter va.ries rrOUl fine two periods or minemliintion; for ulthough tbe
pegmatite to nesrly pure quartz, qunrt.z form- quo.rtz-fluorito veins (next described) ?o ll(~t
in« the margins Iilld feldspar us n rule lilling come in contact with rhyohte dikes III this
the central portions. From its up tical prop- vicinity they do elsewhere und are C\'erywhere
mil'S the feldspar uppen'" to bo mostly ortho- Inter thl\n the dikes.
clase, but it. indudes n fe.w grains o( plngio- COPPE.R VEINS,
eIaoe. '!'he knolinized stntc of the feldspar
renders the determinutions I'l\ther ullslltisrac- The qUllrtz-flnorite veins with p)'1:ito lind
~ry. A little mieroscopie mnscovito is present chalcopyrite lio w('St of the Godlvn clUlm, Mar
m the 'eins. Both the pegmntitic nud thc the buse of the gmnito cliff,. Four propertlCs
quart.zose portions contain speculU1~te lind Oil these " .. ins hllve been worke<l, but nil were
IIOre or lea., glllellil. The speculnrite is ,ery idle .md their workings ",ero inaccessible whell
~imi1ol' to the ,,"lenu in color nnd lust.er and vi.siteu. Apparently the veins follow .the N.
Dlay eosily be" mistoken for it. nt f> husty 25°-45° W. [k"Sures. Two of them oVIdently
~L.nC<l but C:ln be I'codily identified on close form sheeted zones in porphyritic granite, o.nd
lIlspection by its flaky or se"ly form und its red the filling o( cloM·I)' parallel fissures was llCCom-
s(reRk. A few microscopic pyrite gruins n.re
...... d wllh
~CIMe . .
the speeulllrltc. I'
panied by altero.tion nnd replacement 0.[ the
III t 0}'VenUlg'
. m-u I I,·t., . Tho velils are saId t<>_
o'
ro.nge from " mere strenk to 6 nnu t.o c,"cn la
IClJmqr,unka.tiot~ trom. r" D, Gordon In O. F , l.oUJ:.him,
428 onr. nEPOS IT~ OF t:T.\H.

fe!'t. Nothing definite can he said regoruing to limonite, finel by the filling of fiuoritA
the horizon(,,! extent of the Teins or of the c1eu\,flgo crotcks and smtlll frn ctnres in botll
proportion of rich gronnd in the whole vein. veins (Iud wfllls with mlll(lchi te and iron oxide.
The vein minerals vary in quantity, nnd all Small vu:"'S mll-,l' be partly fiJjed with white to
of thl' m are unt present in oll specimens. Tile pole-brown lm.olin, evidently introduced me-
genom! nrnlJl"ement l'ud"i!!" from specimens chanicolly by infiltrating "'ttters. The inc om-
~"and the sulphides plotn"""s of OXI'd'
on tho dumps," is for ,fluorite "tlOn on d tIe1 s I10 II uw dopth
to sc"rc"ate
1:7 0
near tho ma",ins of fissures aud I to gl'Ound ,,",,tCl' 8\'e not fttvorable
~ •
to the oecw'-
for OUflrtz to jill the wntrnl portions, but tlU" , rcllCO of nny stl'ong zones of enrlcheel sulphides,
ttrl'll~"emcllt evidently depends on the (Ic.grco and it is probnble thllt the value of tho Ore P.s
to whieh the differont minerals have been nble It wholo will not improve with d ept.h. The
to "egregntc. In spedme",s showing the mar- copper content of the ore on tbe dumps doos
gins of veills tho gl'\lnite retnins its nppoarance, not avoroge much if any over 5 pel' cent 1Ilid
but the original biotite is replaced by smoll nothing indicates It high tenor in silver.
pYl'ite grains, and the plngioclnse by It soft The pcincipal workings in this type of vein
yellowish-green material (presumably 11 micro- arc t.l:oso of the Copp~r Jack 'Mining Co., ",Iucu
scopic aggregate of sericite and siliel1 possibly los op~rated the CoppOI' Jo.c.k and Flying
stllincd in places by green copper minerals); Dutchman shafts. According to C. C. Griggs,
the Illkalic feldspar und quartz have undergone president of the company, the Coppel' Jock
no Ilppreeiable chllnge. Tho vein contnet is shaft is 140 feet deep !lnd follows u 3-foot ,"oin
shurp but not stmight, suggesting that n par- which Itveruges 6 por cent coppel'. The Flying
tion of tho will has been replnced. The Dutchman claims have two inclined shafts, one
fluorite forms single crystals and coarse- of which is about 240 feet long with a slope of
grained aggrega.tes of colorless to purple. about 40° and follows a 'loin considol'flbly
(green where st!lined with malachite), either richer in coppor than the Copper Jack. Its
pllro or mixed with the other minerals. The width is 3 to 15 feot. 'The Copper Jilek shaft
pyrito IUId chalcopyrite also tend to form sepn- struck n strong flow of 'vater at o.bout 80 feet,
rnte aggregates, and sarno specimens 81'e com- and water was standing wi~hin 20 feet of the
posed almost wholly of chnlcopyritil and fluorite smfnce when seen by the writer. The water
in irregulllr mosses, but others nro composed surface in the Flying Dutchman shaft is said
crueJ1y of fluorite nnd pyrite. Quartz forms 0. to stand about 100 feet down the incline.
matrix for tho other primary vein minerals Four veins are said t.o run lengthwise (aver-
nml olso forms small prisms of late primary or nge trend, N. 30° W.) throngh the property.
seeondury origin clang minor fr8ctures. Study Their 8verago copper content is 3 to 5 per
of polished sllrfaces I1nd thin sections shows cent, but one lOO-foot portion of the Copper
th"t the pyrite and fluorite finished crystolliz- Jack vein carries 7 or 8 per cent and includes
ing about the same time and earlier than tho co,",siderablo high-grade materiol running 20 to
other minernls. Some of the pyrite crystals 30 per cent. The silver ra.nges fro.:1l 1 to 7
wore distinct.ly eurlier than the fluorite. The ounces per toll.
chalcopyrite 8.lId qU'lrtz erystllUized together, Tho ot.her properties in tho vicinity are thoso
hut the quartz continued to crystnllize after of the White Rat (formerly the New Utah)
t.he chalcopyrito hud all deposited. This orde.r, Milling Co. and the Right B ower Mining Co.
pyrite, fluOl'ite, chalcopyrite, quartz shows the Their ore and gangue are of the same type as
order in which the minerals finished crYst<llliz- thnt of the Copper Jack, Both have stl1lek
ing, but the periods of C\~ystaliiztltion~ clearly ",.ter at shollow depths, tho water in the Right
overlapped, uud some quartz "'ftS cl'ystallizing Bowel' shaft standing c1oso to the surface.
beforo nil t.he pyrite. A few micl'Oscopic scnles The great obstacles whi ch provent the sue,-
of sp0c-IIIHrite were found inclosed ill quort.z, cessful mining of these veins is the shill?'"
but Its rclntlOns to the other minerals could lIot dept.h to ,vnter, whieh invo],'es the necessity
be de.toCrminp.r1. of pum"ing almost from the stllrt of operations,
Superfic.inl alteration ill t.ile veins is marked nnd the 3D-mile h.U11 to the rnih'oad at Tintic
by port.inl ulteJ'fltion of pyrite "nd chalcopyrite Junction 01' C",ntel'.
 SHEEPnOCI( ).fOUNTAINS.
LEAD-znw VEINS. 429
OCCURlu:XCg .\~U CH;\RACrt:U. primary sulphide, lend carbonate, and limonite,
I

buL nothing is known of their relative Mnolmt.s.

The quart., voins with zinc and ICfld mineral. The wnll rock inoludes a large Ilmount of the
found on t.he upper slopes of tho range 011 chloritic beds tho.t h.lve boell replaced Hnd
~~h sides of the di"ide andh~ve been wOI:ked impregnated to some extent by ore. The ol.e
in Harkers, Albert EkI<:er., Pme, Ilnd neIgh. recently mined by lessees hus beon hauled by
boring cunyons. The ~n.es nnd prospects here wngon to Duuhnl', n station on the Los AngeJes
too wero all idle whe~ VISIted, alld nOno of the &, Salt. Lako Ruilrof1(I, nbOH! 12 miles to the east.
workings wus Ilcecsslble, so t.hat study ',.as
lIece",nrily confined to the dumps. The ore
frn!!Jllents v".ry from pyrite wit.h no other The New Sultanll Ore hody had not been
visible sulphides to irregular mixtures of pyrite, opened ut the time of the writelOs visit in 1012.
zillc blonde, and galen.,. Quart.z is the only It is rcport,,,I' to be n yein 4 feot thick in
gangue minernl seen in many specimens, ?ut quartzite, nnd the ore is said to coutnin 60
othors which represent ]·eplueement Or Im- cents in gold and ;) ounces in silver to tho ton,
prcglll:tion of chloritic WillI rock, contltin con- 48 pcr cent lend, nnd 28 per cent iron. Th e
siderdble chlorite. A thin section of the zinc content is not known. Ono hlmdred tons
ehloritic rock suggests that impregnation of the of ore nre said to have bccn mined in 1914.
ore minerals hus been a.ccomplished by recrys - OTH E r.( PHOrt: RTU-:S .

tnllizutiOll (und ptHtinl removal) of the wall Doposi~, on tho Erickson sido of tho ,"vid e
rock, t.he quartz re-forming into relutivcly few inoIud" the Indinnnpolis in Pino Canyon, tho
and IR'·ge crystals interspersed with fe.It)' masses Free Coin ago in Albert Ekkers Canyon, und
of prnct.ien.lly pure, chlorite. The ore n~inernls l others whoso nnmes huve not becn learned.
liS El. whole have intergrown contllct" WIth the No iniormntion regllrding the extent of t.he
gangue, but muny of the pyrite crystllis are veins or "alues of the orrs on these prop~rties
nearly perfect, whereas t.he galena and blondo has been obtained. Oro from theso mines
as a rule havo irregular outlines. must be hauled 20 miles down canyon rOilds of
Oxidation is well advanced in ~h~ uppormost geuerally gentle grado to t.be valley west of the
purts of the veins nearest the diVIde, nnd the mouutnius and northwurd and eastward "long
removal of sulphides hus left a limonite Ore the valley roud through tho puss to Faust lind
more or less filled with white cet"\lsite Uead car· Centor. The mines On both sides of the divide
bonate) crysWs und presumubly carrying a.re thus handicapped by dist.anco from n rail-
con~idcl"l1ble silver. road but are forttmate in their locution on
Tho only mines whieh huvc shipped ore from steep slopes where tunnels from the c~n)'on
this type of vein in reeent years are the ShUrJl bott-oms cun be dt.iven tlnd made to dnlln tho
nnd tho New Sultunti. portions of the ore bodies which lie abovc the
SlL\.np JUS};. cunyon levels.
Tho Sharp mine, at tho head of Harker BLUE BELLS D1ST1UCT.
Canyon in tho Columbia mining dis trict, hos,
l.OCATIOX-.
as already noted, produced leud eoncentrntes,
a smllllllUlount of lead curbonate ore, und some The nIue n o.lls district. lies on the enst side
1~.d·zillC sulphide ore. According t-o L. D. of t.ho Shcoproek )'Iouutains, about 6 rutles
Gordoll, a former opemtor of the mine, the sou ~hcust of the Eliekson district lLnd close
I~Rd carbonate ore cont.ained about 40 per cent to the sou th bOlmdury of Tooele County.
lend nnd 20' ounces of silvor t.o the tOll, and the It is renched by .. 10-mile wogon road from
mixed sulphido ore about 30 per cent leud and Lofgreen, on tho Los Angeles & Salt Luke
25 per cent zinc. The mine hIlS been worked Rnilroad. The road extends westward from
through tunnels aggregating 1,250 feet in Lofgreen aer(hOS a low PIISS in the West
length. The main tunnel when "isited was Tintie Runge, und turns sou~hWtlfd ulong
(,8 'i"ed in, and a smnlI stream of water issued I Or'3l$tllictllC'ltJ L), Un\" Ymimfln nud James arOJ!:3 n• or Eureka
from it. The Oro on tho dump included both i 01>".
 ORE DEPOSITS Qt' UTAH.
430
Vernon or Fnust Creek to Green'. much, phosed shuly rock, gmuite, nnd gneiss in a
mlltrix of Shllly chnl'acter. Tho pobhles, or
,,'horo it turns ,,·estwnrd nguin I\ IOllg n. shnllow
Cllllyon t.hrough t.he. enst foothills of the c<lbbles, oro prcvililingly Inrge, being '1 to 12
incbes or more in diamoter. The I,u'gest
Sheep rock Mowl tnills.
no Led WllS nn ollipt.icnl qUl1l'tzito houlder 41
PIt ()D1) CTIO~ • feot long. Tho irrcgulnr sizCl !lnd di5 t.rihutiol~
of tbe pehblt'S nnd t.he sh"ly chnrueter of t.he
By V. C. RruKES .
mntri" suggest n glncial origin for the COII-
The nIuc Bells ULqt.rict Wll~ orgllllized on glomer" t-e.
Fehruary 12, IS06. Its known produdion has The Oll\Y igneous ro ek noted was n highly
been small. went.hercd nort.hwe•• twnrd-trending diko of

Y G\ T.
Ore
(:-.hort
Gold. Silv er.
I Le-.ul.
Total
value.
10".). Vine Fine "nb€,. Pounda.
oun('os.
Y:llue. Ot:IICCS •
"alue.
.. .

l s n!.. ........ ..... .. .. ....... ..... ....... 37 1. 30 .~27 017 $Gll 46,686 $2.00B $2,6l6
18!1.l ........... ...... .. ......... · .. · .. · .. · 4.j 1. 00 22 a7l 523 48,560 2,185 2.130
1000 ........... .. .. ........ . .............. 27 ........ ...... ... 187 302 3212ii6 1,419 1, 721
1001 .. •............• •... . .. .. . . .... . . . .... 52 1. 35 ~S 1, 039 023 61 , 336 2,638 3,2~9
)002 .. ..... ....... . ....•.. . •..•.. ..•...... 43 . &7 lS 1, GOG 533 ':>0,052 2,052 2, ~O3
l!JO.l ................... . .. .. ..... .. ....... 21 .41 8 354 203 2i1,975 1,(H9 1,2<lO
lOHi .•... .. ... .. _,_ .. , , .. .. . - •. . ,' . .... - .. 12 .12 2 27·1 139 12, 'iH &84 , 72;;
.... .... ..... ... 2-15 9, 2;;8

~
1917 ......... ... . ..... .. ...... .. . ......... 12 297 i OG

249 5.11 lOS

I 4, !)45
I 3, 179
I 281 , 557 12, 731 16, 015

GF.oLOGY. monzonite porphyry, abou t 200 feot ,,~dc,

The only sedimentllry formntion noted
wus t.he great 'sories of early Cllmbrian or
prc-Cnmbriau qunrtzite, shnIe, ond couglom-
ern te, which is SO prominen tly exposed in tho
Erickson I1nd o,lumbin districts to the north-
west. The stmtn r.t nnd nellr the crest of the
rung", ,uoWld the MOl'g1l.ll workings, strike
north....est 0 nd dip 40° NE. A mile or more
to the east, "round the BlM:k Hllwk workings,
they strike nellrly ellst and dip north n.t n low
Ilogle. Not euough work has hcon done to
determino the structure accurlltely, but the'
stmltl "ppell!' to form 11 monocline, hroken
by mujol' a.nd minor fiLUlts.
Tho qunrt7.ite members of t.he soril'S Ilre
light . to medium browu, medium grnincd,
nnd )l\ plnees cross-bedded . Tho shnlo is
greonish gruy wbere fresh ,,'id brown where
wonthered lind hilS " more or less metlllOor-
phosed nppcnrnnce, loenlly with tho chnr.ctel'S
of sla t{) or O\'cn phyllite. Tho conglomerl>te
is typicnlly unnssorted lind is composed of
subnngullu' pobble'S of qUllrtzitc, met.ilmor-
exposed on II high short spur just nort.heust
of tho }iol"jllO sh.ft. It lies between •
southwcst wnll of quartzite .>lId n northeust
wllll of shllle, relutions which .suggest thnt it
\ms intruded nlong 1< fnul t.
The prineipal structuml fOfCture, other thllll
tho model" til degJ'cc of folding nlrollrly men-
tioned, is fllUlting. Ftlults of rnther sm..11
displilcemcnt und fissll\'es nre numerous in
thCl limited Ilretl oxamined, but not ellough
observntions wero roo.de to determine the
directions of t.ho principl11 systems. The
strongest fnults and fissuros noted trend
N. 40° W. with dip 55° SW., N. 30° E. with dip
70°-80° SE., nnd N. 85 ° E. with dip .bout
50° S. One of t.ho N. 40° W. f!lults is IUlOOm-
ponied by accessory. fissures, clm\"llcterized
by breccintiou but little or no IlppUl't'llt
displncement. Those "ccessory fissures trend
N, 60°-70° E ., north, N. 20° E., nnd ea.t..
They were noted ouly Ilt ono place, the
Blllck Hl1wk workings, wbero they Ilppeuro d
t.o radiate from 11 N. 40° W. fnult.
 SHEEPROC1( MOlTXl'AtNS.
431
OltC DEPOSITS.
:nt ,~, a mntri" for the ore mineruls lind n~
IIINES,
. smull well-formed
. . crys'tals linl" '0" CU.Vl't',l C'S . 'A S
I
Tho ouly orc (epo.'lts mport,'d in t1:e mile a mut~J:' lU leached plnees it ll; n white or light-
B~lls dL,trict fire those Oil the R, R. P. p:op- hrowUlsh honcy-comhed material Th b ' 't,
, b' I d t . . e url {.
erty, wIlle me u cs wo groups of ,,·orki.:Ig>', ?CCUI~ lU typical platy crystals, some hill! an
the Morgan and the Blnck Hawk, lOch III length, tbinly sC<1ttered, Slid lIlostl"
Jlot'!lan -mine.- Tbe Morgan working.; Ii" but not wholly ill the c""ities, .
doso to the crest of the rnllge und include one The low!'r Morgan tunnel is n s!Jort distun ce
inclined shnft nud two tunnels, One vein has sout h of tho uppcr tWUlel, and extcllds fOl' 26;;
beeu worked through the shuft and upper fcc~ ulo~lg ,a crushed zone in qlla!'tzite. The
tWlIlel, sud another mi.!lcmlize<l fissure has s~n~~ 0: this zone, is N, 30° E., nnd its fi"emge.
been prospected through tho lowl'r tunnel. (lip's fibout vel't,,:,,\. It bus beel! Ll'n ccd on
Tho productive vein, where st()ped, strikes tho surface f!'OIll the tunnel mouth to tho crest
N, 85° W. and dips 50°-55° S. West of the of t1,e l'Hugc, where 11 small IlIDOWlt of dis-
stoped groW!d tbo strike is said to curve south- pllleement along it is shown by nn offset shulo
westward. Below the s tope the dip is snid to bcd, Tho outcrop of the crus bed zoue hiLS
fi~H~1J to 42°, Oro of shipping gl'nde wus ' tnlic?1 gossall stains, but prospecting thus fnr
found close to the slllfa co lind extended dO\m hns SHown only a small scattered distribution
tho dip for 80 fcot, to a short dis tanco below of lead minern.ls. Othol' gossun-stoai.ned fis-
the tunnel level, lind then pinched out. 'rno surcs !ImU: find plll'Uliel te this on" Wo.I'e noted
ir.clined sbaft followed tho ore; und tho upper uear the crest of the ridge,
t,unnel, 45 feet vertically below t,he sbaft collar, . BlaCK BalvK 1T<';"<e,-Tho mack Hnwk work-
" I\S «riveJi along the strike of the vein for 185 mgs are III the foothills about a mile ellSt of
feet.. The stoped ground had caved snd could tht' :>.Iorgnn working.;. The ore thus far found
b3 studied only II t itll eastern end, hus occurred along fllults und adjllccn t bedding
The oro Seen consisted of breccinted qunrtz plnnes. The pl'incipol fnult trends N. 40° W"
ce.mer:t.ed by a mi."ture of gnleon and ccl1lsite between a southwest wall of conglomcmto and
accompru.ied by a little qunrtz and barite: a northeas t wall of qUllrtzite, Branch fissw'Cs
Qunrtr. in fine d.I'IIS~S and a few barite c1'ysl;(\l, in ,the q~art~ite extend, from the ffiult in
nrc the only conspicuous gangue mineruls, ,A vnrlOUs dlJ'cctlOns, suggt'stwg roughly a radial
little miCl'oscopie cnlcite is ruso present. ' arr[,ngemen~, Th~y nre nil marked by brecci-
The gll.lena forms rather fine grains und sted quu,r tzlte. T:lc Inrg,est ore shoot foW!d
.ggr~gBt.eS, both impregn.\ti.ng the rock nnd ~vftS ,\ IIlY':r of partly oXldoze,d gaicllll. about 10
pnrtly lining cavities, The cerusito vOll'ies mebes tlnck along n heddllJg plnne in tho
f~om ual'k grlly to white. 'fbe dark varioty, qUIll't,ite closely ~ociated with the principal
when tl'c,\ted ,vith hydrochloric scid, yields fault and, tIJl oblique hranch fissw'e. ~t WI1S
free e!ll0rine, which suggests that the dark , foll~wed III '\' nn~ow flat sLope for ~ d,stanco
color IS due to a mnngnnese oxide, Under the of ~o feeL before It pmch~d to a thin s'trenk.
mICroscope remnants of galon!l !Ire bordered Smfill hunches of ore and oue shoot of workable
by II dull hluck material, which may be II size have been found in the minor fiss ul'cs.
manganese oxide, IWd this in turn is sw'- The ore seen in the Block Hawk workings
roanded by cerusite. In some ' places the was '\]] galena-cerusite in a gangue of brecciated
gdena hus disappeared and onl)' an in'eguln1' quartzite. No hlLrite WIIS noted.
mlxture of the oorusi.te and the black mineral
h.,... . GENESIS.
'"""oms, Tho white vl\.l'ioty occurs in '~gre-
gales from which the dark color has been re- A1t1\ough there is no strong evidence as to
1IIovcd, find also in scattered rectangulur platy the ultimate SOW'CO of the orcs, the relntion
crys,Ws b the cnvities, Ccrusite also occurs of ore shoots to fissuring indicfites that ore-
IS little veWets and interstitial "'millS in the I bearing solutions n.scended along faults or
"an rock. ., crushed zones and deposited oro at points where
SlIIan specks of oxidized pyrite ore scattered, excessive shattering along a fault or nt the
ll!iong the lead mine,mls. 'fhe quartz is pres- intersections of foults wi.th otber fissures or
 432 ORE V[;PO:;;JTS or UTAH .

SEDIMENTARY ROCItS.
bedding planes ullowed tho solutions to pcr-
m~tlte and replllce the rock more thoroughly I' ltli-CA .' IDRI.\N' ('I ) I.,lUArrt'zrrc:.

thun elsewhere. All deposits so far di,;co\'ered The thick formation of qunrt.zit.c,:;, shales,
"rc small, and furt.her pl"I)spec.ting is likely \() and shaly eonglomerutes, whic.h forms the bulk
result in the discoverv of additiunal smull of tbe Shecprock R.nge from tho Columbia
shoots mther t.hao of p~Nisteot ore bodies. district southward, extends to the southern
footbills of t.he rango. In the West Tintic
WEST TINTIC DISTRICT.
district its southern boundltry is an irregular
Hy(i. F , 1.0lfGUJ,IN. crescent, concave southward, und P'lI"t1y sw'-
rounding nn nrea of limestono ond dolomite
G";OORAPIlY.
thut contains the produet.i\' e mines nnd mOl'e
Alt.hough tho WC$t Tintic dist.rict proh:lbly promising pro' peels. The qUllrtzite ovedil'S
inelu<l c. p.nt of the West Tint.ic Range the the limestone but (seo p. 43S ) is an overt.hJ1lSt.
few mines iu the district that have producer! The lithologic cha.racter of tills form.,t.ion in
ore lie to the wcst, in t.he low, southern part of t.he West Tintic district is genernlly t.he sume
the Slwcprock Mount .. ins. The two mnges IIro as in the dist.rieLs to t.he northwest.. The
separated by the two JIlUTOW vlllleys of Yornon qURrtzito members, though much fructured,
lind Cherry crecks. (See fig. 46, p. 424, and nre the more resistnnt to erosion ami form Clips
1'1. L"",",,{VII1, B, p. 377.) CherryCrcek, which to mnny of the lower Ilnd higher summits, ond
flows snuthwnId for 6 to 7 m.iles before dis- tire conglomemte ,md shale occupy the slopes
nppe.u·ing ut the Dort.hem end of Sevier ond nro in Im'go plll·t ooneel1led beneol.h debris.
Desert, is the prineipn.! streaOl and furnishes The qUIl.tzite vnries in composition from light
wute.· for the towns of ?Lunmoth und Robinson oolore.d and relatively pUI"O to the dork-br01m
in the Tintie district 18 miles to the ell st., as forruginous vllriety so chnructeristic of the
well liS fnr a iew runchcs in its vnlley. The formnt.ion. The conglomerate members con-
mines of the 'Yest Tintie dist.rict, however, sist of angnlar to subangulll.r cobbles or small
which arc nbout 3 miles west of Cherry Creek, boulders of DIner qultrtzite, schist, and slllt\'
obtnin t.heir witter froOl II woll on Hassell's rocks, in u sholy to schistose Ol:lLrix, and he;e
ranch Ilbout 1t miles to the nort.henst. as elsewhere belU-s It rather strong resembluuao
Tho nenrest to"'IS to the West Tintic dis- to gillciul till. The shule mostly is gray to
trict Ilre Euruk" nnd Mummoth, in the Tiutic green, weuthering to bro'WlI, and of typical
dist";ct. From these towns the district is sLruetw·e.
rcathed by a wngoll rooo, for tho most p,... t The strike nnd dip of the formlltion V8.Y and
of only moderato grade, that ext.ends for 25 con be IIccumtely determined Ill. only 0 few
m.iles over a brond p.ss in the south-('.ontrnl pluces. The dips 8S a whole, however, ure low
pnrt of the West Tint.ic RungE>. Ore muy be to moderate to the north or northellst.
huuled over this rond to Tintic Junction Or by The formntion is cut by many veins of white
a rood to the south .thnt extends fmm Cherr). mossive qunrtz, whose ontcrops appellr burrell.
Creek ""lloy to Jericho stat.ion on t.he Los They strike in many directions nod none of
Angeles & SnIt Lnke Rnilrood. The distnnco t.hom II re trncenble over conside.mble distnllccs.
from tho Scot.ill mino to Jericho is 16 to 17 There is - no 10cl11 evidence to indic.nte tbo
miles. age of this formtttion, but us it is continuous
GEOLOGY. northward to the Columbia dis trict, whore it
unum'lies quu.rtzite of Lower und ~1idclle Cnm·
1'he formntions in tho West Tint.ie dist.rict brinn oge, t.here .cnn be no reasonable doubt
include Paleozoic ond probltble pre-Paleozoic t.]liIt it is either yery early LOWe!' Cambrian or
S<'.d.imeDto.I"Y rocks, and intrusi\· e and effusive
pre-Cnmbrian.
igneous rocks of probnble Tertiary age. A8
a rule the sedimentary rocks form the mOl'o PAI.I-:07,OIC UlIJ.::STON'IL

prominent summits "l1d the igneous rocks tho Dolomit.ic limestone, of uncertain age, oceu-
lower foothills, vulleys, and some of the broooer pies nu area of 1\ few square Dilles at the
saddles. (See figs. 46, p. 424, ond 47.) southern end of the ronge, nud is surrounded by
 433
tho qu"rl,~ile series except
, on I
I I ho soulh , whe.re it dist.rit't 10 t.),0 ' e"sl U ',
• r
.~ l\W
b an dSOl'O cherly
is bordered by. .1 IIUVlllm,
il J ts
I northel'll ' hound- " Opt.i("11 on,\ ell '1111" I t I he'
< <fi , S U( Y sow" I,.",t much
ilrV is .bout ) ,) m eS ong lll!( pnssc:l Just north : of tho unnl"I.,nlol'I' h
, 1 f f' S " : 0 ) ose
d ' III 1,110 n-
roc k' .... est
of, 't.he Wtllkcrs'" In_to tile , cotlll llun0, From I' Tintic dish,i··t )'S "CI' I'~
, y coso w .. pure d 0 Jonute '
InjS
,
nort.hcrndlo:-;t lind 1M·lt
., ,
0\\ l'st ullrt
"
"
It In I ,
' ,
cO'npO"I'tl'''lI v,
'l'h I ' . .
e on y lIoplU'lhes lIoteu...l
dl\'eraes
o southward, Its ecu (.ru I I)llrt forms under . t11"
v 1 1II
" 'J'OSCOp
...· 0 nre Ii neIy d'tVl'd e d car b OU J

i-EGENO
17.:::::.1
~
V(!in~

==="';:,===\f:?t:===':;·~.'====::ll MILE.
0'1;,

FlO""£' ·17.-S'L:etch Utap l'ihowin.: Ql:.1iu ge-olocio rratut'ts acd tho loollons of mh:e.;j anoJ prosJIeC~ Ln tilt W('st TJotiodlslrict.

tho,high. north-south ridge sout,bwest of the I' which colors Lhe rocK, and " f~, w minute hut
Sco ,I. mme ond also comprises Lhe lower well-iormed quartz crystal",
rIdges to Lhe enst nnd west, ' Where afferted by incipient, l1\elamorphi.,m
, "'here not, affected by contllct me.tllmorphism the rock is parLly or completely blellched to
It IS prevailingly of dark bluish "ray und fine very light groy or white by the elimination of
S
,arnlned ,OlUe b cds are of very '"oven texture, cm'bon, but the . compoSItIOn
" ' not apprecla
IS , bl y
othen .re ' IineIy b'lI1ded WIth" I1gh , tel' gnty Ilffected, TremoI'Ite IS. tIe
1 OIuy
.1
S Icate millerll I
il' ,
8t:ks, and others nre spangled with short I noted in this phase ?f the rock. Although
" temurkmgs chuI'llcte.l'ist.ic of cc.rtuin !>1iddle : it is more .,bundnllt 11\ bleached rock It hns
and Upper Cnmbrinn dolomites in t.he 'l'intic I been noted forming rndiating aggregates in
354tG' -19-_28
s

434 onE OF.POSITS OF UTAH.

unblenched oolOlnitc. More intense mota- dUll'acter ~ugge't. eOlTdlltion with Cnmhriun:
morphism nCIHcr the intrusi\"~ ig~col1~ .c nn - hut llS Itttrr Paleozoic limcstonps, indudin~o
tllets hos developed:t number or typ,col ~Iheate those of ~li5Si~.:;ippian ngr, are nlso conspicu_
minerllls, tho mo... t conspicuolls of Wh1Ch nre ollsly dolomitic, no definite nge is assigned to
glLrnet. Imd epidote; diopsidC;' trer~oli~e, horn- the rock. The hln~k chcrt nodulcs nenr the
blende ILctinolite, pWogoplte, tltnnrte, und northwest. "orn('r of t.ho limestnr.e nrell strongly
, .'
chlorite nrc prcsent 'ill fine to mIcroscop'c gl'llY suggest lower Mississippinn nge.
to green nggl'ogntcs, some of which r~el11~le IGN£OUS ROCKS.
chert in nppenrnoee. These metnmorphlc mm-
Or:NEIlAT. (nAuACTp.R.
emls tend to form nhundllntly ill errtll.in layers
nnd to be bounded by Inyen! of grnnulnr colcit.,. Tho igneous rocks of the West Tintie dist.riet
The presence of cokite liS the nreyniling cor- consist of otocks !lnd dikes of gl'lluitic and mOll-
bonotc in the thoroughly metamorphosed rock wnitic rocks, "xtensi"e bodios of exteusi,"
is in mllrkcd cnntmst to t.he prevlliling dolo- rhyolite, and douhtless latite, the extrusivo
mitie churllelcr of the unrnetomorphosed rock c.quivn.lent. of monzonite, though no well-
A bed of shllly limestone. which rno.rks IIp- definell outcrops uf this were !'eeognized. The
proximutely the'upper limit of t.h~ ore hori:-on grnnitic rocks comprise one indusioll of pre-
in thu Scotill. mine, dc'crvllS speclllI mentIon. Cnmhrillll granite I\nd stocks, dikes, and sills
At onl' plnce nlong its outcrop, sonthc8st of the presumably of Tertiary age. The momonit.ic
W"llwr shuft, it forms the hllnging Willi of an rocks are "Iso assigned tu the Tertiary. No
old open-cut. stope wbich yielded bononzll ore contlld. between the Tertiary granitic and
in the enrly <II1YS and for this reason has been monzonitic rocks hllve been fuwld.
loclilly cn.!led the "honnIlZIl. shde." The rock
is bluish gmy, I·Igh ter tmm' I 't'll'. rock ,
th e d oomi PRg-(; AUOHI"~ GRA~rrE.

mierogrunulll.l', unel ycry thin beoded to shlLly. Prp,Cambrinn gronito is represented by an

The thin beds of limestone ol'e sepnmted by
shllly purtings. Immersion in dilut.o hydro-
chlorie. nei,l yields brisk e.ffel'vescellce, proving n
gcnel'ulnbscnl'e (If dolomite, nnd the abundant
resi,luc nfter solution eOll~ists chiefly of fine
qUllrt.z grn.ins und sl'rieito Oakes.
Chert.y b"ds hllYC been noted in the eastern
nnd northwestern parts of t.he limestone nrea.
A fow thin interenlnted bOlls of quortzito in
the yicinity .of the ellSt<lrn beds nre much
f1'llctul'l'<i nnd filled with c.omby quartz veilll!.
'rhe most prominent of t.hese extends north-
ward with "pproximntely ,'crticHI dip, along
the top of t.ho low ridgo eost. of the'road be-
tween tho" 1\l03" nnel the Scotia mines (fig. 47)
to the saddle southeost of th" Scotiu mine,
where it 1'088''" benenth the contnct of t.ho lim&-
st.ono and pr't" ClIlllbrion (1) quortzite series.
A fl'w sundy beds were noted ""tween the
south o."d of the high limestone ridge Ilnd the
rono junction to t·ho west.
~o determ\nHblo fossils hn.\'e been found in
tho limestone ftl'cn. The ouly chnrnctcri:,Lic
morkings ill t.he centro I 1100 eastern purts of
the nreo 11I'0 the short white spangles, sinlilar to
those in the Middle and t:pper CIl.tllbrinn lime-
stono of the Tint.ie district., which. IIppears in a
few heds. Th('~c with the prcvuiling dolomitic
indusion 3 or 4 feet ill dinmetcr in 11 monzonite
porphyry dike, which cuts the quart"ite seri,"
nour the western boundary of the limestollo
Ilrea. (See fi .... 47.) The granite is pink,
rather coarso g~llined, and somewho.t gneis,oid.
It consists of pink n1kulic feldspar , white plogic~
c1ese, Ilno qunrtz, the Illst two obscured by fu:c
grnnulntion. A smnllqunntityof chlorite ..ft<lr
biotite is Illso present. As seen ill thin sectIon
the priucipul mineruls are microperthitc, calcic
oligodose, quartz, "nd c.Worite. The u"un!
minor constituents are present, nnd one nIl.mte
crystal IlSsocinted with epidote wos noted.
The sed ion is tl'llvorscd by several microscop'c
crushed zones, and in this re..peet is mal'ke~l)'
differcnt from the illtl'Usive granite of the OIS-
trict. The pr""eIwo of this inclusion suggests
tho t n portion of the !!rnnite which is kno"" to
underlie the qunrtzit~, ~eries in some ports of
the State is pl'esent in the sc,,"1llent ovel·thrust
upon the limes tone, though not exposod at tho
surface.
T)O;RTL'\RY lNTH. USlVI:-: ROCKS .
I . .
01w.racler ami di,Y/.ributiim.-The llltrusr,e
rocks of the di.<Mict \' Ol'y in "ppe"ronco bl~
"re for the most pOI·t VCI'Y similar ill ~h~rruc.
composition Ilnd fnll in the granodIOrite or
 ;

S.FlEF.PROCI( ::\(OCNTAJNS.
435
qu art.
.
?' JQoll1.onit"
'
!;\'Oups.
'.
Th o 'must
., ~, ', . '
I
n]kalie .and ends.
northwfistwnrd
' ,,-,
.~ '11"1
~ n. SI m ~ If\
t
quar ·z-
(salic) vnrlety noterl b n mu" ...o~ It~. !;Ttt~lto, '\llG Ite SO ri es . Anothor slllall stock just \Vest of
tb e OlO$t
~
ferromugnos lllll. (mufJC.) vur\Ctv ... IS a [Illi; one ll.l'o ''''' the o~. er,th rus t'. 'rllese t "~o
" cu«
dioriticphns: of mOll~Onlte. . stock~ consist 'of gr"J.nodiorito porphyry, with
Tbe rntru. lve bodws nrc fOI t.h e most purt promment phenocrysts of feldspnr but nODlI of
.mill, IIlId most of t.hem lire gl'Oupcd In Illl eRst- quartz in fLO nplitic groundmllss. A sllllill
northeast zone nellr the northorn boundary of IImount of u.lt.rrcd biotit.o "1ll1 :3 or 4 pcr CO\lt of
tbcliml'Rtone nrctl.. A ~mnll eO.mphe-oted stoek, oxidized pyritc gmills am ",ho pmsCllt. In
much obseured by d6bflS eovo\'lng, 15 pre.sent III thill section most of the pl'>gioclllsc is too mnch
tbe southwest pnrt of the nrCII, and dIkes of sericitized to be ident.ified, but. " f"" ~r.l.ins
granite pO'1lhyry and monzonite porphyry .re indicate c.ucic '\Ildcsino. Diotite is .Jtcred
"ery 6b,oo(lnnt, most of t.hose noted trending a to "WO\;te. The grOlmd111 I\.''l !:onsist", of qn'lI.t.z
little eust of n ort~ or .\ littlo north of east. No i nud }oldspar, most.ly in gr,\phi,} intcrgrowt.h.
dist.inct .ge n,lntlOns h"vo belm found. The foldspar is much knolinized but nppea!'s to
Gra1!oa'ioritc grou.p.- A s tock of roughly tri- include both ll.lk"lic und plagiocill.'le y.\riet.ies
Angular outline is expo"ed "!ong. t.J1O curving the lntter less erucic t.h'\l\ the plagioclas~
ridge nOI'thwest of tho Scotill. lOme. It con- pheno..,rysts. The pyrito is nssocintcd with
,ist.s mostly of light-gruy coarse-grained, COll- serieite, secondary qunrtz, nnd chlorito, nnd
sidernbly disintegrated rock, wit.h millor vnri,,~ is clenl'ly nn ruterntion produet.. TIus roek dif-
til'S of nplite und granite porphyry nlong tho fen> from t.hat first described mllinlv in the "b-
border. Contact metumorphism along its bor- senco of qunrt7. phenoc ..ysts, t.hong1; it eont4\ins
d"r is expressed by indurution of shale beds in u largo "mount of qUl\rt.z in the groundmn,;s.
tbe quurtzite nnd by fllight ultemtinn ill the lId- Anot.h er small stoek (not flccurnt~ly out-
jncont. part of. tho limestono. The minernl com- lined in fig. 47) onle.rops t.o the southonst just
pos;lion nnd texture of t·he conrBe-grnined roek IY('l;t. of the overthrust contnct. This rock is
is e&lentiolly similar to t.hat of the larger light pink IlJld composed of plngiocln.se, biotite,
gr.nodiori!e in the Cdumbin-Erickson district and a f"w hornbk-ndo 'crystals with s(:l\t.tered
to t.be llol·thwest nnd on Des ert Mountnin to fmo grnins of n:n,,"IIet.itc Imd tit",]itc in ..n "x-
the sOllthwt'St.. tremely fine grnined grollndm"",. In thin see-
Tho border porphyry phase is of interest for t.ion thc feldspar phenocrysts prove t.o be
romparison with the vurintions i:J the other mostly plngiodllSc wit.h " few of micropl'rt.hite
stocks. It consists of n ,'cry fine grained (Or"Ab,,) . Tho plngioclase includ.,s t.wo
grolCldmass with prominent rounded grains of vnricties; L<rgo crys!.;;.]s of lnbru.dorito (At... )
quart.z, the. largffit of which are 3 millimeters purtly resorbed, and oligodusc (Au,,) in rela-
L.~ dinmetor, white crysl4us of nltered feldsp.\r, t.iycly sm..U gr.uns 'Uld in one plnce forming
nnd n few weatherod scoles of biotite. It dif- a rim around nu oldor lubrndorit{). Biotito and
fas from the main bodv of the stock merely in common hornblendo are typiCllI nnd consid er,...
tbe smaller size of most' of its componcnts . In bly chlorit.ized , The growldmuss consists of
thin seetiOll t.he quartz phenocrysts show some "bund.\llt quartz Illd iuhlic feldspnr (miCI'l~"
resorpt.ion, and th eir corroded edges nrc fringed cline mierope.rthite), "it h '" less nmotmt of godlC
with secoudary qU'lrtz, whic.h is IlCcompfinied plngioclllSe. ~Iinor const.itucnt.g D.lclud e mng-
by ~ littJc oalcite nnd sericite. The plngioclnse netile., tit.lllite, nplltit.e, nnd ~Ir(:on ..
cr,.otals (All,,....,) nrc considernbly nlt-ered. A dike of musco vIte !,'1'nllltc, which trends
Biolit~ phenocrysts uro nlterod to n mixture oi N. 2.5° ·W. ••crO>;8 the overt.h r"st coutnct m
cblQrite nnd cnlcitc with 01' without seric.ite. the ext,reme northwest corner of the limestoue
The gr-JUnftmil~S cO:lsists o.f fine gl'nphic inter- ilrea, is neiU'ly white, fine, even gra.ined, and
growths of quo.! tz nud a.Ik.uic fehlspnr inclosing composed of white fr.1cbp"r, colorless quart",
,ome .ohort l.\ths of plogi oelnse (oligoeluse- t.lunly scuttered muscovI~e, nnd some .n'lkt'S of
andosme). A fe.wspherulitcs consisting largely biotit.e. As ostlm.\ted l': t.hlll scctllln, the
or qUart-A nre assoeiuted with t.he urnphic inter- fddsp".rs comprIse ubont 5a per .cent., (pmrt.z 40
g:owths. t) pel' cent, null. muSCO''Tlte and mmor fLC('.('&;Ol'U:S
The n'lrrow wcd~e-shnped st.ock to thc west 5 per cent. Four-fifth~ of t,he feldspar I~
erOSSe., tho ovcrt~,]lst without displn.ccmcnt ! pert-hit.ic lrucroclinc wlt.h sm,ill unorlCntel
s •
ORE OEI'OSln OF \; T.\H.
4:3(;
inclusions of plugioel,c",', The remlilltdcr is
plll.giocluse---{)ligocl",e-unal'sinc (An,,) mLh
more sodic outer zom". The muscovite (.ends
Lo form poikilitie eI"},stlLl. inclosing small we.ll-
{;rystJ.lllizcu grnins of quartz, Imd appears to
'havo been 011 th" wholo the hl.t·st importnnt
mincml t.o eryst"'llli7.c. Tho minor constituents
110tcd nrc hiotit-n, separfLte or intergtm"ll wit,h
rnu~covitc! magnet.itc, unu zin;.on.
The compooitioJI of tills I'o<,k is very similor
t{) LhlLt of th" groundm,,,,s of the rocks pre-
viously descrihed (p. 13.'i). Those rOcks con-
tainl~d 110 primn.ry mllsco~jte, but the prt>Scllce
{)f musem'itc ill this rock mny well bc ILLtributed
to f\. gront.cr conccntl'ut.ioll or W:l.tOl" tLIld fluorino
in "s",lic port.ion of lingmu .,nd docs not ne("'S-
s"rily imliciltc the inLrusion of a distinct.
magma: In other words, the muscovite gl'lwtc.
is rE'gurdt;d u.s rL saJic difi'crcntin.te from the
grR.llodioritic mn.gm:l.
The lllrge Urell oi granite porphylJ' and rhyo-
lite porphyry northellst of the limestone lU'eIL
hus tho SIlIlle general composition as t,ho gruno-
diorit.ic rocks, but purt of it. difJOl" in po,sessillg
textures ch"rncterist·ic of effl"ivo rocks, In
spite of these text,ures all the contllC(·s with the
qUlI.l't.y.itc serie~ on the west arc lIcit.rly vertiCil.!
I1.lld int.rusive. To t,he eust, however, tho rocks
.me in part cleurly ex(.rusiyc, lind it. is conCluded
thl1t the mltin vent, t.!\I'ough which thc h,vtlS
of the rt'gion wom erupted is in the W(,stern
part of tlus "'·cn.
The greuter port of tite rock in tltis vent
'mrics in textmc from very fine gI'niIIcd por-
ph)~'Y to rhyolite> porphyry, u!though sevorul
eI'Uptions Itro represented. Much of it is light
gnty, dense porphyrit.ic, nnd contains ..bundl1nt
phenocrysl.'3 of qunrtz und feldspar, with a
littlCl biowte und magnetite. In thin section
the qu"rtz pheoocrY3ts show resorption and
IDI1ny of t.hem arc cracked or even" faulted" , growth, the zones ranging in composlt,on
the groundmuss filling the frnctures. The
feldspur forms. roughly rectungulnl' grains,
somo o.f the.m wlt,h resorbed rims. Plugioc.luse
("ndesmo) IS somcwhllt more abundant thlln
Illkulic fl'ldspur, n few grains of which hnvo Ii
poorly
' . defincd st.rud-me sug"estin"
e b
niiorocline.
B IOt.ltC und minor acc<ossories are typical.
Anothel' roek iIl the vent., int.rusin: into the
one just dl'seribet!, is of dnrk-])mplish color
?nd s~me~vhllt d"nser toxtme but is essentir.lly
,dontIcn.! ~ mmcrt1! composition, The appe"r-
nnce of Ulls rook IS also chumeterizcd on the
-~
surfue.c by t.he pink color of the nlkulie feld.
spur. This color disllppcnrs II Imction of an
inch a.way from the surfnee or f"om fructur"
lines, unci is cI(·arly the result of we"thering,
&vNul dikelike inkusiolls of rhyolitic rock
in this urcn \n' rc noted along the roud that
extcnds north",ur" Illld en"twnrd hy Hussell's
roneh to thc divide betwe"n Vernou and
ChelTY cl'e(\k~, but none Wt,re st.ndied ill detoil.
A specinl variat.ion, however, is represented by
tho nnrro\\- bOlly of rhyolite brcceill t.hat cub'
the qUlIl't"ite sCI'ios vcrtiClllly jl.I.~t west ot the
main M'e/i. (See fig .. 47,) This rock is purple
to gray, finely fl'llgment1l1, unu consists of
bunded to mn£sive fragments of rhyolite in a
fine matrix at the slime mllteriul. Its chemical
und mi.Ll eI·,,1 composition is ,hown hy tho
u)icroscope t{) be .Himiln.r to the rocks of the
IDltin al'ca, from which it diffeI" only in texture.
]J[Gma"iu.- The only ,tocklike body of mon-
zoniw in tho i=ediutc vicinity oi the mines;.;
in t,hc sout.hwe,;t pICrt of the lirncstom: aren.lId
is so obscured b.r debris of rhyolitic. or gmuodio-
litie porphyry that its exttet outlino ood struc-
tW'o.! relo.tions nro not easily dctenllllwd. Dike,
~nd sills of mon7.0ui te porphyry have beBnnolRd
.. t severnl phlc('s thl"Oughout tho limestono area.
'jlhc typicul mOllzonite .is gray, medium, ond
cyeo gl'n.i.ned, Ilud eousists ehicHy 0: b'l'uy
tmDslu~nt fcldspnl's, biotite and Ilugite, t,he
Ilugite bClllg more or less nltcred to hornblende.
Both foltlspnrs life rccognizlible megascopicull),
plu.giodnse us n rule fanning gmy or white
luth-shliped tWlllIlCd cr~o;tnls ",Illch "Fe sur-
rounded by nlknne fcldspur of slightly differenl
color Ilnd with no definite crystallographic
outline. Pyrite is present us small grains
s(~ttered through the rock nnd nlso 8S t,,!"
films or sheets nlong fmeture planes. In thin
section the plngioclnsc presell ts .. mnrked ~~al
from An", to An" or heing even some,,·bet
more sodic. 'l'h"y average about An •. ~.
alkalic fddspsr, which Lns 1\ \' N'y fine pert~t'lc
structure, forms irregular groins of .. an~UlI
sizcs_ Some of the smaller lorm partU11 rllD-i
Ilround plllgiocluse, and the hll'ger ones ltave a
]>oikilitic (:Ltlmct~r, inclo.iJ'g crystaia of &U
the other primary minarnIsexcopL quu: tz .
Quartz forms irregular grall)S, some of ~'hicb
are II milliml)ter in di'UllL'ter, mostly mt&-
stit.ial to the oLhcr mll)PI'Ilia hut in part forwUlg
mierogrnphic llItergrowths with alkalic feld-
•

SR EI.;}'H.OCK MOUNTATNS.
Sps)'. The micro$copir. fJl1nrt:t. n:m~un ts to
elld\' 10 pOl' C('nL of tbe 1'o('k BlOt.,tD form;;
n , . h
typirit} grniIls, ~oroe . \\"It . rpsorbl~d . margins.
Auuite fOl1n~ pflsnw t.le g-I':l ms u Vt\l'ngmg about
• n~illiUlpte1' in le.ng-th nnd ,hawing' 'nll 't«ges
01 I.he t.runsit.ion from fl'l',h nugite ir,to r.ompnct
green bomblr.ndc wit.h typierd cll';1v"go (Uld
pleochroism .. Some ~f the nugit.e, (or hom-
bJ~nd(': ) gl'ums arc mtergrown wIth \noLlte.
Minor ntcl>SSo1'ies include rn thpr uhundnn L
titanit.e find tnngnetite in irl'el!ullll" to hypnu-
tonwrphic. grll ins, Ilpat.it" in typiml well-formed
prisms, nnd I'llI'd)"" zircon.
Besides the t.ypicalroek "nriations of cliorit-ie
chal'l1Ct.cr nrc prpscnt in the mon7.0nite stock.
Somenre feldspathic.; ut.iwrs l,avD II pl'oponder-
nnco of black minerals. In the feldspathic
voriety the plngioclllse hilS ahout tho snrne
composition as in the typicnl monzonite, but
"Iblic feldspili' and qunrtz are very sCl1rce.
Biotite is I.he princoipnl necessary nnd is ftccom-
pnnied by " littlL' urlllit.ic hOl'llblcnde (nfler '
,mgilc!). The darker variety consists of %Onlll
plagioclnse, averaging ncar An:,o in eOJnposition,
and primary hornblende uceompunied by 'a
lillie biotit.c. No uugite is present. Alkalic
ieldspar nnd qUl1l'tz form fino inte rstiLinl oggre-
gHlcs among the predominnnL ' min~ra1s. )[Ag-
netite, titanite, and upnl-it.e, t.be firsL two fre-
quently of megascopic size, are eonspicuous
minor cOllsLituents in both "ariel.ius.
AlI.erat'; on.-A1tel'l1tion has nffected .11 t.he
igneous rocks of Lhe disLrict to u greater or less
extent., but the kind of IlltemLion is the Sil-mo in
.11 of them und is of the propylitic type. The
common nltern.tion minernls lire sericite, chlo-
rite, epidote, cnleite, qua.rtz, nnd pyrite, and
these r.r~ accompanied in some of the rocks
by uralit.ic hOl'llblonde, secondnry titnnite, nnd
mugnetite. The relat.ions of these rninerrus to
one Illlother sho,,' that they wero formed nt the
same time, nnd t.hey are at.tribnted to t.ho il-dion
of heateu waters' thnt pel1nellted tho rocks
d\ll'lng ore deposition. Knolin and limonite
a.re the principlll minemls formed since that
lime by surface wet\thering.
Pat agf1l.es;s.-The different intrusive rocks
of the district Itre closely relnt"d. In some the
more calcic plagioel.se and t.ho black silicates
:rCC?ocenLr.ted in relatively large proportions ;
ud In one, the muscovite granite, the quartz
•
437
nnd nlknlie feldspnrs nrc cspecinllvconcentrutcd
The plngioclose is contained mni'nly in the pho:
noer),s!s or earlwr-formed minel'"ls und the
nlkillic feldsp.rs muinly in t.he grnundfTIliss or
latN-formed minNnl. of tho intcl'mcdinte
(grnnodiOl'itic) rocks of tho district. Sufi'leient
time to allow certnin degrP<.'s of coneentnltioll
of t.h e ea" lior groups or minerllls before the
Inter groups hogan 10 crystr.ltiy.e ac.counts fol'
the ""lintinIlS in c<Hnposition IlIld for the
different. textUl'nl eharnd"rist.i"" of the rocks.
The principal Ilrca or e,xtl'usi\'C volcaruc
rocks extends e"stwnrd fl'OllI the ,'ent. airelltly
described across Cherry Creek vlllley, :J miles
d,stnnt., und pnrtly 11p t.he we>:;t slo po of the
West Tilltie Rnnge. Small isohlt.ed IIre:lS lio
on the ellSt slope of t.he runge. The rocks, so
fur ns noted, UI'O pre,Toilingl), rhyolit.ic find in-
clude flows and hrec.cins, but IlS they "1'0 sOllle
distance from t.he mining district. proper they
have no t been sLudied in detlli!.
STRUCTtJ'RE,
The eXIWt structure of the limestone hus not
been determined. 'rhe stmta at the Scot.ia
mille dip 20°_2.;° N. und apponr to lie con-
formably benenth the qunrtzite series. South
of tho Scotia mille, along t.he high limestone
ridge, they strike north-nort.heast and dip very
steeply wcst. On the low ridge to the onst
they strike similarly but dip from verticnl to
steeply east. These' relations, together with
the distlibution of the cherty zone, suggest a
shnrp ant-ieline with 11 north-pitching I1xis ap-
proximately along Lhe rond between the
"1903" l1ud the Scotin mines nnd through
tho Scotin property, In the limestone area
west of the .high ridge debris coverings and
metlllllorphism greatly conceru the sl.mcture.
NellI' t.he west cont-nct, M,ross the ridge sout.h-
west of the Orient shllft, there is some indicn-
tion of II local pinched syncline, but the atti-
tude of the beds us 11 wholo is the s"me liS those
on tho high ridge. The nV6i1able dl\ta suggest
" Dlllior anticline with nearly vertical limbs,
whoso axis is ubout hnlfwllY beLwoen the mid-
dle of .the limestone orea 'tnd its eastol'D c.ou-
tacL with t.he quartzite series.
 ORE DI~P,)SITS OF UTAH.

o\'t-:ItTnRU~"'. 1rit.hin tho limC'. ... tono urea. n low ridge soul.h
Tho sl.ruelU"o of t.ho liDlest.one is thus un- o( Lho "'''f
Eoglo No.3 opon cut ;s capped by
symmetrical wilh r.'spct·.L1.0 t.he quart.zitoserics, quarLzit.e but. consist.s ot.herwise of steeply dip-
llnd other diseordum'c" in posit.ion oxist between ping limestono whose ~xposures surround tho
the t.wo l'Ocks olong the c.ontac.t. The disap- quort.zite. Tho quart.zito is not. int.orcn.lnt.ed in
pellrunce o( the thin quort.zite bed in t.ho enst- the limestono and is regorded flS a remnant of
ern limcst.onn orM bonenth the great quortzite. tho groot qUllrtzito sories wrueh onco oyorl.\,
~cring hils !~lrolldy he(ln ml:'ntioncd. This st.rur- tho Ernest-onn. ~
ture cithor implies the very !'lipid pinching out. The cvidoneo, oll.hough obscured "long mu('.h
of som" hundreds o( feet of limestone "nd their of t.he cont.llet by dGbris, nil points t.o discordllnt
equally 8uddr.n reoppearnnee just. to tho nort.h, I'cllttions bet,wcon tho limestone and quortzite,
01' is due to Iln ovurt.!lfusL The at.titudo of tho wruch, coupled with tho stroligrn.pruc oviden""
beds is nppllrcntJy conformnhlo nt t.he Scot.ia all'Otldy given, indieatcs nn o\'ort.hrust fault of
mine, hut n shnk, mernbor, which immediately undulnting chol'a ct.m·. The limestono aren \Yns
o\'orlies the lime'stono, is hcvoled off hoth t.o the complotdy cov(lJ'eu by t.he qunrt.!.ite nt. ono
I
eost ond wcst. At. t.ho snddle hotweoll t.he t.imo, tho fnult. eontnet orching oyer iL To
Seot.io Ilnel O,·ient. mines osmoll muss 01 'luart·z- rogord t.ho contact. a.~ an unconformit~' wocld
. ite rest, 011 limestono, the contact dipping necassonl}' Imply un Immenso trucknc>'S of pru-
nort.heust III. II 10\\' lingle. .Just. south o( t.ltis Camhrion limestone in tho West. Tint.ic distric~
Point..• on t.ho l,iuh
0 Iimestolle rid"'e
bJ
tho lime- nnd nowhere else in t·he Great Easin rcaioo h •
st.one strat,1t st.rike a Iitt.lo eost of 1I0rt.h, but Furt.hermore, no frogment.s of t.he limestone
I,he limosl.ollC-<l'lIlrtzito contact conl.innc" west.- . and only pebbles Ilnd cobbles of silic,eous sedi-
won I I«'.ro>'s tho Orient. and Virginia. Lode monts havo beon (OIUlll iu tho overlying quartz-
cloims wit.hout mgu.rd to t.ho strike and dip of it.e, whoreas t.ho·struct.ural dr.tails of t.he conlact
t.he limest{)no. At tho Virginia Lode prospect ara indicat.ivo of disturbance.
tho linwstonc is separoted (rom u shule member Resnlts of 0 brief roeonnuisslmco in tho West
of tho qUllrt.zito by a nearly vort.ical cast-west Tintie Ranga o.long tho Tintic Rood lond sup-
fault. From this point westwurd t.he cont,act port to tbe foregoing intorpretation. Along the
is complicated by t·\\'o smull st.ocks and a fow road the sedimentllry rocks consisL of quartzite
dil{(s of grollitic Ilnd monwnitic rock. with intercalated beds of shalo and limestone
At. the northwost COI'nel' of t·ho limestone dipping west.ward I\t 0 low angle. Fossils 001-
aroo tho limestono strikes ~. 25° W. Ilnd dips loct.ed from two Iimest.onc beds wl'ro delcr-
non.rly vert.imlly, but t.ho quortzite cont.act mined by G. H. Gu·t.y, as follows:
curves from east to west through an Ilnglo of ned southwest of Summer mnch: Sponge?, Zaplimi/itf
about 1 \.5° to 0 trend paralleling tho limestone sp .. Bdlcropho" .p.
bedding. Sout.hwI\rd along t.he west. contact. tbe Bed lO() yard. north of the )bmmoth re,ervoir: Zaph-
at t,itudo of t.he Em(l..~t.one beds varios. At one rcnlis sp. and Lithoairot;;on. 1C1hitnc!li.
placo, ot. t.ho hend ( f a smllll hronch gulch in 0 Mr. Girt.v states thnt t.heso faWI.S ore too
soutbw""t. direction from tbe Virginia Lodo scant and too poorly preserved to be Rssigned
prospect., t.he limostone close to the contact tn ony definite horizon, but he regllrds t.hem
strikes N. 40° E. ond dips 42° SE., wherons t.ho os probably upper Mississippian.
eont·act. st.rikes about nortb. The limestone is Along t.he crest of the mnge north of the road
mucbcontort.cd Ilndsomowhllt.metomorphosed. ond on its west. slope down to the divide be-
From this POUlt sout.hwul'd the contact. ox tends t.ween Cherry and Vernon ere oks lie co,_r.;tl
alo'i1,g th·ho ?rcst of 1\ low south-sloping ridge, eonglomcfll,te nnd qUllrtzite of pro-Cumbriall (?)
unt. .t e ,·,dgo sUI'foee sink, bolow it., leaving oge, whose western dip suggest thnt.. they for-
only hmcst.one, Imd t.hus proving t.hot. tho plane merly extended over t.he up POI' 1IiississipplQIl
of contoct. along tltis ridge dips west ot. a low quart.r ite "nd that. the overthrust. OX tends
angle, away from t.ho dip of t.be limest.ono. os far ellSt.w"rd os the crest. of the West
The limestone at some ploces along t.be con tad 'fint';c Ran"e. Tbeir exact. trend in the West
is ovorloul. by quartzito and at ot.hers by shale . Tint.ie Ra;ge bowever con be determined
Both t.hc olO(IS(.ono lind quartzite nro scutt.ered by detailed ,,:ork alone: roueh of their SU~­
at sovernl places along tho contact.. . faw being covered by disintegl'oted volcalllC
 SHEEPROCI\: "IOl.""XTA.lN'S.
439
roc.ks and cure being necessary to distill!!uish l
tho ligU-colored quart.zite members in~ tue a >out ]870, umounted to ubout 250 tons of 65
pre-Cambriuu (1) from. b~ds of similar Ilppear- pel' ~eut lend oro containing n moderato pro-
I.
aDee in t·uO upper"'IiSSISslpplon (" f
'J ormation.
Sportlon of ,silver. Tltis ore w·s
llSM " Slll·jlpe.d to
'fhe stratigraphic und structmal relations of the LWt ,,, ules, lind to smeltel'S sout.h of Slllt
rocks in t.he West 1'intic Rauge und the West IHe City. In ]S7I the property "'!Ill sold to
,Jo~b. LmV'J"euce ond nssociut.,s, who l·oin.d In'
'fin tic mining district ure shown in Il!!Ul"CS 46 b Id I ,.
~ ~I 109 t 10 1-[omunsviUe smelter in tile Tintic
(p. 424) and 47 (1" 433). dlstnct. This enterprise fail~d, and "Lhe smelter
'fhe 1l.gO of the o,'crt.lu·ust is denrly !!l"eater d
~ Was move awuy in 1872. Tho mine lutor
than thnt of t.he Tertiary igneous I"Od", but clln po<sed iuto tl I ds f I n
' . I d'~ . d I -" Ie Inn 0 tIe oston TlIltic
not be de[Imte y e""rmlflC on oeal evidencc. Miwn'" Co b"1 . I -,
. .' I 0 . . , ) w 10m It IUS bcen worked or
It may be contemporuneous " 'lth t,he OVer- lensed intermitt tl' 1'1 .
t.ltrusts ill the Waslltch Runge, which ure of Scoti" Iwne SUlc~n]is'o I le 11I;Od~lc.tlOn of the
Croto.reOIlS age. ., las pro In y amounted
to somewhat more thull :3,000 tUlls, "alllcd at
FAULTrna AND I:'ISStJR1SG. about S]50,000.
From 1902 to [9[:3 unly two mines slupped
With the exception of the overthrust already orc, both in smlill amounts,
described, faults of considerable displllccment
nrc not conspicuous. Those Ilctlllllly exposed ORE DEPOSITS .
• Dd "Iso those strongly suggested in the field
GEN'ERAL OHARAOTER.
lio in two systems tho t trend neorly north and
Denrlyeast. .tI.. porphyry sillilt the small iron- Tho Oro deposits of tho distl-i'ct comprise
orc prospect on the Virginin Lode claim is dis- sevel"lll types, t.rnnsitiollnl int.o OIlC allot,her ,
pJ.u·.ed 3 feet by II north-south foult with a 60° whieh illdir.uto deposition ut. t,empemturcs
dip, ond 11 well-defined east-,,·est fault with runging from those existing nlOlla t.ho I1Hlfains
" .,
~enrly vertical dip is exposed just to the west. of eryst."Uizillg int.rusivc rocks down to mod-
Its .trike eoincides with the limestOlle-qunrt,ite ernt.o and e"<'11 low. All tho types nro ill
"""tllct, but its verticllI dip suggests thut it limestone, in or dosely associntcd "'it.h fissures,
may cut the plane of the overt.hrust nt this somo of which coincide with the bedding of
plac.e. Another fl1ult, which trcnds nearly the rock.
oort.h, is suggested by 11 deflection of the over- The deposits formed »t highest temp"rntures
thrust contoct eust of the Resurrection (Prairic nre of the cOllt,nct-metulnorphic t.ype. More
nell) prospect but has not been tmced north- or less contuct metamorphism hilS been pro-
wnrd Or southwnrd. Other faults of simiIllr duced nrow.ld nil t.ho Illrger oro bodies of
trend. am suggested ot 0 few places by nppll.l'- grunodiorit.ic and monzonit.ic rocks ond also
ently discordant reliltions of the st.ratll. None along some of tho dikes oml sills. Tho most
of the.m nre closely connect.ed "ojtu ore deposits. intense metamorphic e.f!"ect is just north of tho
. ~[jnernlized fissures also follo,v two prevail- monwnite stotk in the southwest pllrt of tho
Ing dirllCtions: N. \.~0_20° E. with verticlli dip limestone ilrea, rmd the only contnet-llletumor-
nnd N. 70 0 E. wit.h steep southerly dip. plric ore body of much promise-that of the
Iron King mi.ne- is in this pl"co.
HISTORY A.ND PRODUCT lOX.
!lINES.
No ."tisfllCtory account of the production of lno~ lUNG lUXE.
tt:e'West Tintic district can be given, for in the
earlier years it.s output wus included by the Tho workings of t.he Iron King mine are in
DI1"Cctor of the Mint with tho Tin tic district. both m.t~,morphic limest.one Ilnd monzonite
Tho Scutia mine has been undoubtedly the Imd cut dikes of grnnite porph)']"y. The mine
largest producer, but "CCUfllte dntJ\. of its out- in 19[3 WIIS opened by " shuft 200 feet deep
hut nro not Ilvuilnble. According to W. W. und by 200 fect of drifts, but tho underground
~tCI', of Slllt Lnke City, who wos one of its workings were not accessible when visited. A
angtnal ownors, the first pocket of ore, found pilrt of the ore body, howeycr, wns exposed
p -
OR E Dt::P0 5IT.:; OF l iT:\H.
440
nIon<' " (IC"p
11 nllrro \~ " op"n,,-, 0111
, '. The oro hod ,J
v ' ~llllft, 70 fe c[, ("'OP, with shorl, drift
•
, on t,he 25
forn~ .. " ortic,,1 bond a fe\l' fcc I, thi"k, pnr:lllel
nnd 70 foot, lc'Tcls. Tho "em s('nds short
(,O tho "ert-ical nort,h-sou th hedding. tongues int.o I,he wnll rock, which includes
The most conspicuous orc minerals aro mog- hol'!l ~'Io~<tmorphie limes tone ~[Jd. silicified
Iwlito " od specularilc, which form un appp.r- ¥"nnodlOrll,e porphyry. :l10[Jz o/Jl~ IS exposed
ont,])' . olid mll.S, colored in pll1('cs hy grneo In slI!'fnce worklllg>l Il cl~r the vem, . Tho 0"0
copper stains , Some specimens ore of mug- thus for found Oc~Ul'S ~n sHml! bo(he", from
netito ot,horn of hemol,it,,,, "nd hoth "uriet.i,,"ono t,o n. few I,ons 111 weight" of h:IM'en or low-
contn/n dissomilHlted gl'llinS and well-defined grade mussi,T". quorl,z associated with bronch
vcinlets of pyrit.o. ?\o dlillcopY'1te WI\S reeog- fissures Il t, Ihe';r junct,~oll wi,th the mnill,vein,
nizcd , Illid t he green copper S La lnS may have ?etwccn str~tch ,:" .. 1ho pnmary Ql'e lUlllornl
heen derivcd from coppcr in tho py nte. A IS chnloopynte III Irregular pntc:he_ q , usually

smoll , hipm enl, in J!1l:J cont"ined 1·1<'0 closscsin 0 mllt,rix of finc-gl'llined s peeulnrite, The
of a re, one currying 0.282 ounce of gold and gungue mincrnl is qunrtz, "~th 10('01 devel·
2.6 ounces of sih'er to t,he ton, 6,2 pCI' cent opmenls of bnrito and calcite, Chaleopyritc
copper a.nd 40.0 p CI' cent, iron ; Hnd t·he othor nlso forms smtl,cred grllins 01' bunc]lQ, in
currying 0, lfi Ollnce of ~old "nn 1.5.j OUIl ('es of
milky quartz and occw's as narrow bonds
sil"er to tbo 1,011 , ,3, l5 pm' CO!! t, ('opper .llld 4R.8
ult,errlllting wif.h ch er ty l'eplMement quortz,
pcr ('cnt iron, Somo bnnches of lead are Ilrc present, but, no
primary lead minemL~ have been found. Tho
Tlw mlll'gins of t.ho 0 1'0 show repln cem ent of
an opidot ic ph""e of t,h ~ metlllllorphic lim e- chlllcopyrit,e is IIl.rgel), oxidized ~o a dnrk
81,one, n rol'11,ion whi('h illdicnlt'S that t,he are
resinous or pitchy form of linlOllite nnd to
Wns formed at, alntorst,ng e of conlucl, metamor- mnlnchite and chrysocollu. The oxidized lea d
phism than were the s,ilimto glmgue mincmls, ore" with whieh some copper nUnerds are
The silic41te rock, os shown by specimens on wi:<ed, consist s of cerusite ILnd bindheimit ~
th o dump, is also c.ut nnd replaced 1,0 some (hydrous antirnonate of lead) and probably"
extent by vein quarl,z nnd c"leite, which lit,tle nnglesite, accompanied by small amoun!s
imply tbnt min cmlizllt.ion cont.inned nft.er t,b e of t,he zinc minerals, most COD-'lpicuous of
tempoml,uro hud fnllen helow the mnge at which is aw·ioholcite. This are, which is char·
which tho siliclttes had formed, acterized by t ho yellow w lor of t,he earl.hy
bindheimit,e aod is locully colled .. chlorides,"
YfROI:-;'IA LO D E.
is rich in silvor, aud one smILl! s"mple is SIlici
Another typc of conf.ltct-melnmorphic are to have lISSayed 821 ounces to t·he too. Both
t,hat bas heen prospected on t·he Virginia Lode lead and wpper ores wntain more or Ie&> block
cl.im is pYl'itized shulc nlong the honging wull mnngonese oxide. Sewndary gungue minerals
of a porphyry diko. Oxidation has decom- are finely crysl-nllin o t,o chulcedonic quartz
posed the pyrit,e nnd wnoontmted the ' iron and calcite.
"long the margin of t.!t" dike in the form of The War Eagle chlim, II. short distnneo north·
limonite in n. layer ranging from a thin film to east of the War Eagle No. 2, contllins copper
6 feet t,bick A simila.r deposit of limonito are similar to that just described cxcopt th'_1- it
hilS been opened in Il. prospect, hlllnel 00 tho lucks speculorito. The workings lire opened
Alluh property efl-'lt of the shaft.. No ossnys by nn inclined shaft 200 feet deep sunk olong
of eithar are were obl,ained . Deposits of this th o hanging wall of a grnnite porphyry dike,
t,y pe mlly ba mist lIken for the went,heroo out- along which bunches of a re were found, A
crops of 0. silver-lend doposit, hut, it is improh- drift on the 200-foot level follows a vein trend,
oblo thut ""luahlc silver-lend deposil s will b" l ing S. 70 ° W" which also follows n dike hang-
fOWld in cit,hor shOll" or qunrl 7.ite. ing wall. A "~nze from this level follo,," tho
dip of I,he vein, which is said to expnnd down-
ward to n \\;d th of 4 feet and to contain n<h
Closely reliltod to t,h" mnanetic are of the are some of which assays 13 per cent copper and
Iron King mine is thnt, of I,he '\viLr Ea"le No.2 200 ounces of silver to the ton. The average
which forms It nort,h-BOu th vaiu " s"'hort dis:
wnt"nt is silid to be nbout 4 per cent copper
t,nuce to the east.. The vein is opened hy a lind 16 ounces,of silver t.o the ton.
 ,

SREEPROCK ~IOUNTA.1}'~S.
441
On I.he Wor. Eo~l~ No.3 prospret, eOTlsidpl'- 1is ll1os(.J\, dellse nnd ehe I b t . II I
1"" I' N0' . " r·y U )9 w('< Cl'vst.n-
obI.\" forther nort." " ."elll trer.( IlIg . 7,5 E. , hzccl around cMit.i!'>'. In n shullow pil. 200 feet
and dIppIng from verb en.} to st.ccply nonh hns florl·h of I.he slllcft. I.he vein consis!.s of quortz,
been miMd from the sUlfnce. for lead or?,. but hurite, und galena. Tho bnrite forms u nel~
tbe workmgs w~ref not aceesslble
' when Vlslt.ed.
. work of pllll.V. crystn.ls
' , find th e qua.r I·z an d
Oro seen on t·he SUI. nce consIsts of. glllenn. par:ly gillen" fill the int,erst.ic.es, impregnu t,e l.he barite
oxidized to cen~slte, acc.omplllued hy w?,te erystnls, and fill crucks in !,hem. Pyrito Ilnd a
potcbes of calammo, tI ht.t,le mlc.roscoplC snut·h- few specks of zine bl,'nde ur" minor cOllstit,u-
sonite, and brown and hluck st,nins of limo!!it,e ents. A litt.\e ccrusit.a ane! sel'onde.rv 'luort.z
and Wild. The principal gnngllo l\t. I,he surfn.ec nre ttl80 p,·csent.. .
i, ('ulc.it,e in bnnded columnar mnsse. (1,r:J.ver- The mn teri,,1 in nncl CIO'C hli t he no"' (jK"nrc
t;ne) , which ext.end in p\t\c<", 2 foot, in',o t.he which is followed by th~ 'shnft" is l1"'inl):
footwall of t.he open Cllt.. The ge.neml run of ore quurt.z-fluorit.o-gnll'nn ore, necompnnicd in
;s said [{) ha.ve been Ilccompnrued by soft red p!t,ces by qunrtz-chnlcopyrite-gnlentt ore. Tbe
i,on oxide. Its silver content, is not stnt.ed, bnt, ,mrict,y cont.aining ehnJcopyrit<l r~sernbl('s thnt
gold I{) Lbc vldue of $5 u ton has been reported. from \,he War Engle vein, but its gtllena is 1lI0re
The roL,tions of th" three Wal' Eagle pros- c.onspicuous. The rl).l('()pyrite forms reln-
pcels indieato that the t.empcrflt,\lJ'o of om tin,ly pu~ large groins or mll",,""s some of
deposition decrellsed northword. Though nol which al'6 2 incllOs in diameter; nnd t·ho gnlena
"long 11 single vein, it soems probable thnt t·he forms fine-gmined oggregntes inr,losing Il few
three pro~pec(.s ore connected by fl ,)"St.em of "mall gmins of chllleopyrit.~. The 'l"m'(.z is
intcrsect.ing approximately north-south llnd fille grni.ned nnd rcsomblrs 'lun.rl,zite alld chert.
cost-west fissures. Tbe minernl c.omposition The Hum·it.e vnl'iel.y consists of mther conTSC-
of t.ho Wor Eagle No.2 ore indicates 0 high grained fluorite nud gnlen" in 11 mol·l'ix of
tempcmture, though not so high lIS that, ra- cherty 'lultrtz, wheh in places is nppllrcntly
quirco for contact-metamorphic ore; tho non- absent. The ore cut. in t.heshnft and along the
siliceous t.ype of lead-zinc ore "" the War drift t,o t·he ells I. \VIIS 1 to 4 feet thick and con-
Eagle No.3 is chnme(.eristic of deposit.ioll at tllined lin nveroge of 22 per cent lend. The
relatively low t,empernt,ures. principal shoot is a hea\'}' galen" ore of this
genernl type on the ellst or hanging side of the
OlllF.~T WQRKlNOS. ma.in vein, 'lbout 30 feet north of the drift wong
Tnc Orient workings, uort.h of t.he War the cr06S bre"k. It lies between two bands of
Ecgle No.3, were inaccessiblo. On the dump . cher~t,reDlolite rock nnd extends upwl1rd from
was a small pile of oxidized copper-iron ore t,he level at 45° N. 5° E. The walls of the
,.no some IDcLaIDorpbic limestone with n few stope are of low-grade f1uorite-gulena om with
green copper st.ains. No primary ore w&s varying amounts of qunrtz.
found. The composit,ion of the ore mined is 118 fol-
1<1003" OR ",~-."
,.", IHNS . ! Iows: G0Id (t.raee) ,s i1 \'8r 1.3 OW1ees t·o,tl10 t on,
The "1903," formerly the" 1888," mine,Denr I.,\d 46.8 per cent, copper 0.2 per cent., insoluble
the sout.henst base of the high limestone ridge, 17.1 per cent, sulphur 5.1 per cent, iron 1.2 per
i. of purticular interest because of its varied C~llt, lime 26.1 pel' cent. The rat.io of lead to
charact.er, It is opened by un inclined shoft sulphur indicates that fOllr-fifths of the lend
140 feet deep and by 150 feet or more of drift.ing wnS present as gilleno. The low sih'er content
on the 45-foot level, mostly enst of the shaft. of t.his slightly oxidized ore is in striking CO\l-
The country rock is dolomit,ic limestone, partly tmst to the high cont,ent in t.he .!.horoughly
metamorpbosed, with steep eastward dip. oxidized Rnt.imonial leud ores of t·he War
~nrt!lite, which outcrops west of the shllft , is Engle No.2 nnd Scotin l\1in~. .
saId to bo c.ut bv u sbort winzo from the west A vnriety of ore eonhll.rung bUlltc, cftl'hon-
end of t.he 45-foo"t level. ute, IIlld gwena, noted only Oil the dump of
The deposit consists of a N. 15° E. qunrt.z the "1903" mine, forms bands in und con-
l'elD, parallel to t.he bedding, intersected at the t.a.ius indusions of the quartz-gulenn ore. The
I
sO.f~ by an eas~west rrunernJized fissure wi(.h barite forms ~ typlc.al networ.k of P.I~tes, nnd
SOutllerly dip. The quo.rtz in the main vein the other mmer»ls fill the. mterst.lces. The
s
OR!; DEPOSITo Ok' cTAH.
442
carbonate is most.Jy calcite, which incloses
smnllrhombs of ferruginous dolomite.
Secondary ore minerals are limonit~, mala-
chite, chrysocoUa, cerusite, and calamme, the
calamine indicating the former presenc~ 0: II
considerable though minor amount 01 zme
blende. The second ary gan"uue mineruls are
druBY quartz, calcite, and amgonite in the form
of tufts of needl€s on t,he secondary calcite.
The different types of primary ore in the
" 1903" mine include most of those found in
the ent,ire clistrict: The chalcopyrite-galena
type represents a transition from deposition at
rather high to moderate temperatures; the
fluorite nnd the barite-quartz types are be-
lieved to reprooent, deposition ot moderate
temperntures, and the bsrite-earbonate type
representg n still lower temperature, and, from
its structural relations, appears to mark the
last stnge of depositjon. Fnilure to find the
/luOlite and barite-quartz types in contact pre-
vents 11 stlLtement IlS to their rellllivo ages.
The fluori te type hIlS not bcon f'Hmd in any
other mino in tho district.
ALLAll rn08P1-:CT.
Tho qllnrlz-ha,ritc-gnlonll type of ore is also
represented a mile north of the" 1903" mine
by the yeins on the Allah property. Ono vein,
4 or 5 feet wide, strik69 N. 1O~ E. Ilnd dips 80°
W. and is nssocillted with two ellSlrwest veins
trncellble fol' considerable distance by float,
Very little prospocting has been done on tbese
veins. Besides tho well-defined veins several
small bunches of similnr composition Ill'e ex-
posed on the surface and in the 198-foot shaft
.Ilud ..ppetu· to be local enlfirgements of tight
fissures or at the illte1'9ectioDB of fissures. No,
oro hns been mined on this property, but the
well-defined voins merit more Ilttention than
they ha"e received. The presence of limonit.e
similllr to (,hnt in (,he Virginia lode was men-
tioned on pago 440,
SCOTI.\ ~1n.iI.~.
Tho deposits in tho Scot,in· mine, nt the north-
ellSt base of the high limestone ridge, are a59oci-
Ilted with a strong quartz vein that trends
S. 65° W. to the south of the Walker shaft and
with north-south fissures that have been fol-
lowed f1'Om the shaft northward. The vein has
beeu de,'"elopoo by n few shallow inclined
shafts and by ..bout 450 feet of drifts, inac-
ccssible when visited; and the nnrth-south
fissures ha"e beeu opened by a 150-foot vertical
shaft Rnd by drifts nnd inclines on tho .50, 86,
nnd t.50 foo t levels,
The qUllrtz vein, cnIled the "nlue.Jny" vein,
t,rends S. 65° W. clos(lly pt'raUel t{) a monzonite
porphyry sill, and probably connects with a
N. 15° E. vein which extends along the east
slope of the high limestone ridge and on wrueh
the Resun'ection (Prairie Bell) prospec.t is
10Cllted, The Blue 'J uy vein dips 70°-80. N.,
but its verticu! extent is not known. Work-
inb"S benet'th it on the 50-foot level were inac-
cessible, and those on the 150-foot level hove
not exposed nny prominent quartz veins. The
quartz of t,he vein varies from the fine-gl'll.lned
repl"cemen t type to milky and well-crystal-
lized varieties. It contains fino grains of py-
rite, and much of it is stnined with malncrute,
azurite, light-green copper Ilrsenates, and an
unnamed hydrous lead arsenate, perhaps the
equivalent of the antimonate, bindheirnite, It
is, so far as seen, of low grade but has yielded
some very rich ore from its hnnging-wall side,
The principal ore shoot ig now represented hv
the" nonnnza" open cut, which extends do~­
wnrd aC1'088 the bedding of a. shaly limestone,
known as the "bonanza sha.le," into the under-
lying limestone. This rock, at the open cut,
dips 40°-45° N" steeper than olsewhere on the
property and, together with the shattered
charac.tel' of the rock, indicates considerable
disturbance along the vein fissure. The oro
impregnated the laminae of the shllly roek und
evidently reploced the limestone below. The
sholy character of the rock mny have hud some
influence on the gold content. (See p. 394.)
Oxidation, however, further concentrated the
metul contents, which rnn well in gold, silver,
and lead. A short distance west of the "Bo-
nanza" open cut the shaly horizon has been
explored by inclined shafts and dlifts, and con-
siderable silver-lead ore containing some copper
and up to 533 to the ton in gold is said to huve
been mined from them. 1'hc.~e old workings
were inacceEsible in 1913.
The ore associated with the fissures trending
N. 15° E. hus been followed from the 86-fool
level, west of the Vvnlker shaft, northward and
downwa.rd below the 150-foot level. The ore
horizon, 70 to 80 feot thick, is .in the limestone
below the "bonanza shale" and above n fine-
grained grauite porphyry sill. The primary
 SHEEPROCI; ~!OUNTAINS. 443
oro minernls are g~lenn, jnmegorl,ite, pyri,te, soluble 2.4.3 to 9 pCI' cont, zinc 1.4 t.o 3.:3 per
arsenopyrite, nnd a· lIttle c.halcopYTltc rmd ZIn C ('ent, sulphur 0.7 t.o 3.8 per cent, "lid spei'S' 26 to
blende; tho s"con~ury mmcrals nr~ ceruslte, 41 per cenL The pcrcent'lges of sulphur show
'nalesite, hilloh elmltc, " hydrous leilu nrsenntc, thn t most of tho ore was oxidized. Some
a~
limonite, uncI h '
emn,tlte, pIlUrmtlCOSI'd'
ente aud "boulder" ore from t.he cave is s!lid to hllve
scorodit.e. The prilnn!J gnngue min ernlg n.re contained 60 per cent lend I1nd 200 o\l\lces of
replacement qunrt.z, which h?s rc?laced li~nf>­ silvcr to the tun, and the oxidi>'l'd al'Senop),l'ite
stHue and sc.alenohedrnl c"lelte; (,:"0 prmclpl\l ore from S10 t.o Sl5 of gold to the ton.
seco~d"ry mineml is cnleitc in crusts nnd O.tt Th e changes in minel'al cOITI!,osition of tho
rhombohedrons. ore imply that the nOl'thern pttrt. is f"rthest
The main oro body begin' opposite the shaft from tho source and th"t the meh,l conkllts of
on the 86-[00t level, wh(,rc it consists of • the ore d",,'re.lse in value nOl'thwllrd, espccinlly
littlo galenfl nnd black re!,luC8ment quartz ill us very little oxidation has t.aken plac.e below
a IDMS of 30ft hemiltite. ),Iinernlized gruund the 130-foot level. From this it muy be in-
VIlIS worked from this point nurthward for 170 fened that tbe ore solutions Cllmc from t.he
feot to II. cave which cOlltaiJled severnl looso soutb, possibly from the "Blue Juy" ,'ein;
boulders of high-grade ore. A small stope ex- but nu wnllection with this vpin hilS been cs-
tends from the )vest end oi the cave, following tublishe<l, and the fnet t·hat other low-gmdo
a northerly fissure down to the 150-foot level, qunrtz bOllies havo been found but not ex-
below w\,ich small amounts of ore h.wo boon plored suggests thilt the om \Va" int"oduced
four.d close to the fissura. A short distance through 901\\0 nellror (".hllnne1.
north o£'the CII.ve, at the top of No.6 mise, a
remnant of ore consists of lenses of gnlona aUII CONOLUSIONS.

jamesonite, partly oxidized, along" silicified The ores of tho West '!'in tic district include
bed. Conside!'able arsenopyrite and pyrlt.e several varieties which gl'llrie into one "nother.
(" sulphides"), said tu have formed a casing They ,vero iutroduced through two intersecting
around the galena-jrunesonite ore, have be~n sy~tems of fissures, one trending N. 65°-75° E.
mined in this vicinity, but little of t.hem "'US In and the other N. 15°_20" E. They doubtless
sight ill 1913. The m'Senopyrite is partly oxi- followed the more open cow'Ses along these
dized to the hydrous arsenates, pharm~cosid- fissures and formed deposits only iu trlOse that
erite and scol'Oditc, und to c"rthy hematlt.e !tnd vllried in dimensions. The deposits as " rule
limonite. Ilre small bodies formed wbel'e conditions wore
On th~ 150-f?ot lovel two nor~herly fiss~cs, ! espedlllly favorable to replacemcnt of lime-
o:!e ou eIther SIde of tho shoo.t ]u."t des"~lbed, stor-e. It is 11 striking fact that the llll'g~.s t de-
ha.. been followed. "long mclmed WInZe8. posits studied nre not in the vein propel' but
Both are acco;upamed by ~mall ?unchcs .. of .\I'e adj"","lIt to it in easily replaceable rock,
rather fine grlUlled galena Wlth a lIttle pY~lte sbattered zones, 01' along branc.h r.ssul'es.
and zinc blende and some C~pp?r ~tams. 'fhjs relation is illustrated in th" W nr Eagle
Q~ar:z is in_c?nspicuous, nnd .calclte IS the No.2 by the smnll shoots of nigh-grude ore, ~n
prme.lpal vlSlble gangue [lunere\. Th~so I tl;o" 1903" mine by the galenll shoot, and III
bWlchos are formed mostly along boddmg t' e Scotia mille by the "bonanza" opelt cut
planes close to the fissure nnd just ~ bove the .~d perhaps by the oro body north ~f the
porphyry sill. The eastern fissure hes a b?ut . Walker shoft. The fnet thnt tho Seotl" ore
80 feet from the main stope, and the beddIng 1 b d ' is lerO'er thlln the othel'S is IIttributed to
planes of the intervening ground cont.nill sman t~e)unmet:morphosed state of the limestone
amounts of sulphides, c.'pocinlly pyntc. Tbe d to the introduction of t,h e ore bctween an
~estem fissure, 90 feet from tho main stope, :pcryioUl! roof nnd floor. The size of this
Lq not so clearly related to it. l.A~y however is small when compared to
Tha ore content north of tho shaft h as III . ore uvu " 1 .. ~. dis-
th e in the averago mines of the euumg
gener.lranged as follows according to smelter .0St ad I't must be concluded t.hat ore depa-
tnc s, n k I
returns: Gold 019 . to,035 ounco an d sil ver s ..l U. tho
o West
n mTi lltic.' distric.t hus til 'CI1 P Ilee
16.85 to 34.65 OWlCes to the ton, lead 26.7 to
I Sat rootr:01. , fl. 412.
&l.75 per cont, iron 5.45 to 15.55 per c.ent, in-
 --
OIlE DEPOSITS OF UTAU.
444
on u correspondingly smull scale, Ilud undc.r cou- to Lh~ ,.hove minerrus contuins It smull per-
dit.ions thllt. did not favor the ",oneenl.rutlOn oC eentllge of muscovi te. It nlso contllins pheno-
de.p05ition in II few main c.hllnnc\g. crysts of feldspIII' and qu,u'!.z, few of which uro
The work done justifies tho. coue.\u.ion thllt COIL_picuous. Many of the uplitic dikes have
with more fnvor(;blc transportation facilities COllrse-grnined pegma t.it.ic vnl'intions which
the district co uld ",oint.in 11 SDl"ll stcftdy out- gl'llde into massive qual't.z veins. Severol such
put., but t·hnl. undel' present conditions there is qUIll'tz OCCUITences outcrop "long the roud
littl e hope or M.endy product.ion. among the low hills just. north and northellSt
of the Rockwell shaft, but none nrc huge
DESERT MOUNT,UN. ..nough t.o be of flny economic interest or to
Dr G. F, LOUOIlLlS'. show nny promising indication, of metal
contents.
Desert Mountnin , or, more uppropriutely,
'1110 dinhllse is dlLfk gree.nish grny ,md hilS a
the Desert lIills, include 11 cluster of low bl1re
fine-gmined ophitie fexture, except luong the
peaks which lie shout 12 miles southwest of the
dilw margins nnd nurl'OW offshoots, where it is
West Tint.ic milling district.. The nearest
blnck and dense. The visible mine.rals r.re
rn.ilro.d St. ...tiOIl is Jericho, nbollt 20 miles to the
ens!.. (See fig. 46.) 'fhereis nowIlter ut Desert. wh ite feldspnr in short rodlike grains, in "
Mountniu; lhe ueores\. supplies nre nt Judd soft. durk-green chlol'itic mat~rin.J.. Therc is ~
Creck, 8 miles north-northwest, on the rond 'Suggest.ion of porphyl'jtie texture in places, Il
(.0 Simp,on MOI/Htllins, nnd Ill, C1,ol'r)' Creok in
chloritizerl durk m llterial (pl'esUIDnbly nugiw)
tho Wesl. Tiutie dist.rieL, ! 2 milt1s cusL. formillg smull phenocrysts. ~licroscopi c study
shows the feldEpllr to be principally plagiodase
GEOLOGY . (An,) accompo.njed by Il litt.le or(.hocIIlSc.
Only t.he westall fnco of the mountn.in wns The composition of I.he fOl'mer , moro sodic t·hun
visited. The rock hore is mostly lL light-gray in the averngo diubllse, and the pr('S,'nco of tl:o
granite cui. by II few diabose dikes. Apophyses lntter are chnmcters tcnding t.owtlrd those of
from the gronite nre intrusive into 11 dark monzoni te.
qual'tzite wbich hilS not beeu studied closely, ' Both t.he t.opogmphy und dist.ribution of tr.o
but. which presents t.h e same dllrk colors on qu/U·t7ite and gronite suggest f'lUl t.illg, !'Spa-
wellthered sminces IlS does the pl'e-ClUJ1brinn( 1) cinlly 1U'0und the vnIley just mentioned, but no
qUIll'tzite serit'S of the S)'ooproek Mountnins fnults were proved. The grunite is t.horoughly
and t.he sout.hol'n SinLpson ~[ountnins. The fissured in seveml directions, the principal
qUIlM.zite is exposed at t.he southern I1l1d syst~ms trending north-south (dipping 45°-60·
northorn end of the mount.nin .1nd in low knolls W.) IlIld eust-west (dippillg 60°-65° N.). In
which ext.onrl to tho northenst. Detritus from bot.h of those syst.emS sheet. joinl.ing is vcry
the principn! vulley which dmins tho southern conspicuous. 'Another strong system htls ge,,-
p"rt of the mountain nre" contnins It Iltrge tl~ dip and nMr thc quartzite IlpprOlcimutely
numoor of pebbles of volcnllic rocks (mostly pnrullels tho int,rusiva contuct.
rhyolitic), but no oxt.l'llsi\' e rocks were seon in
place. ORE DEPOSITS.
Tho gronite is light g"'), nnd mnges in '111e ouly knO"~l import.lmt. oro deposit in
texturo from ..von grained to porphyt·it.ic. Tho Desert ]'[OWlt"in is the vein followcd by tho
moin hody is IUllch e.l'umblod ou the surface, Rockwell inclined shltft, ne ..r t.he northwest
is medium grained, Ilnfl in places contains end of t.he mountain, south of '" g"oup of low
phonoc.rysts of n!kalic feldsplU' (ruicl'oC\ine) f,nd foothills. There lire n few other prospects in
of quurt7. hill nn inch in ditUllet.e,·. Its prwci- t.he vicinity, but only" litt.\e work hIlS heeD
pIll milleruls I1re wbite foldspur (both plegio- done on them. The vein follows 11 nort.h-souU
c\nse Rnd ,llierocline), gray glossy quartz, und sheeted fi,;sure 7.OUO, which dips 60° W. The
blllck to brownish flakes of biotite. Another ouuropof copper-stained rock is 6 to 8 feetw:id~.
t}"PO is nn npli~e which. forms dikelike IlIld It is plwtIy covered by durop d~bds but IS
'~Teglll,,:r masses ill the mllm body, to which it is oxposed for at leust 50 feet south of the sholt,
s,m,lnr III color but. IS much finer grained. It is 'which he"ins iu Ore The cliffs howeve.r, on
fresh oven close to the surface ILUd in nddit.ion t.he spur j~st north ~f th" shllft, :uthough thoy
I