Secondary 3 Foundational Chemistry Atomic structure and Valency

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Why do atoms form ions?

2. Write the chemical symbol and the charge of the respective ion in the table : Element Name Fluorine Sulphur Aluminium Calcium Potassium Sodium 3. (a) (b) (c) Chemical Symbol Charge of ion

An atom X has proton number 8 and nucleon number of 18. How many electrons, protons, neutrons does X have? What are the charge and valency of an ion of X? Write the symbol for the ion of X.

4. An element X has a mass number of 108 and an atomic number of 53. X is in the same group as fluorine in the Periodic Table. Which of the following is an isotopic ion of X? A B C D 5. A B C D
53 108

2-

109 53
108 52

X
X X

110 53

Which ion has the least shells that contain the least number of electrons? K+ Al3+ ClS2-

6. The elements L, M and N in the Periodic Table have consecutive increasing atomic numbers. If N is in Group VII, then the symbol for the ion of element L is __________________ .

7. W, X and Y are consecutive elements in the Periodic Table. Element W forms ions in compounds with a charge of +3. (a) (b) (c) (d) Write the valencies of X and Y. Write the symbol for the ion of Y. Is W likely to be a metal or non-metal? Which group in the Periodic Table does W belong to?

8. An atom of element Z does not form an ion in common laboratory conditions. Which group is Z likely to be in the Periodic Table? 9. The proton number and nucleon number of elements M, N and P are as follows: Element M N P Proton number 13 8 5 Nucleon Number 27 16 11

N forms a molecule that is common in air. M is a metal that is light and shiny; it is used to make cooking pots. P is a metal that is in the same group as aluminium. Name the elements M, N and P. Write the chemical symbols of M, N and P.

10. Which of the following does NOT have the same number of electrons as a sulfide ion, S2-? A B C D 11. Ar ClAl3+ P3Draw the electronic configuration diagram of a nitride ion, N3-.

Revision 12. 13. 14. Is P4 an atom, molecule, ion, or an ionic compound? Is sugar an element or compound? A substance can be electrolysed into a gas and a solid. Is it likely to be an element or a compound? How can air be separated to obtain nitrogen and oxygen gases? Which of the instruments is the most accurate in measuring the volume of a solution? A Beaker B D Conical Flask Burette C Measuring Cylinder

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If Corinnes body temperature reads 40oC, what is her temperature in Kelvins? It is known that potassium iodide solid is soluble in water and barium sulphate solid is insoluble in water. If you have a mixture of the 2 solids, how would you separate them into pure solid substances? How would you separate a mixture of ethanol (which is an alcohol) and water? A magician claims that he has a special magic ink. How can you separate the ink into its individual components?

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Rice bran oil, a new type of oil sold in NTUC supermarkets, has a wide and differing boiling point. Is this oil likely to be pure? I spilled some water in the kitchen table. The water later disappears after 1 hour. What is this phenomenon called? Hydrogen gas + oxygen gas ?? Sulfur + oxygen ?? magnesium + oxygen ?? sodium hydroxide (NaOH) + hydrochloric acid (HCl) ??

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