Test 1 I. Read the passage and answer the questions 1. What do input/output devices communicate with?

These devices communicate with what is inside the computer case through cables ttached to the case at a connection called a port. 2. Where are computer posts located? Most computer ports are located on the back of the case, but some models put the ports on the front of the case for easy access. 3. What are the most popular input devices? The most popular input devices are the keyboard and the mouse. 4. What can be attached to the keyboard? Wires in the keyboard capable provide electricity. 5. What do wires in the keyboard cable provide? Wires in the keyboard cable provide . Electricity to run the keyboard comes from inside the computer case. II. Translate part of the text into Vietnamese Hu ht cc thit b vo/ra u c tr trn v ca my tnh. Nhng thit b ny lin lc vi nhng ci bn trong vo my tnh thng qua nhng dy cp c gn km vi v my ti 1 ci kt ni c gi l cng, gi d liu hoc/v nhng cu lnh ti my vi tnh v nhn li chng t my tnh. Hu ht tt c cc my tnh u c nhng cng ca n c t ng sau v my, mt s chng loi li t cc cng ng trc v my d cho vic truy cp. Thit b vo ph bin nht l bn phm v con chut, v thit b ra ph bin nht l mn hnh v my in. III. Put one suitable word into each sentence 1.All computers accept and process information in the form as Instruction and characters. 2. There aren't as many different types of Devices used for giving results as there are for accepting information. 3. Computers are machines capable of Processing and outputting data. 4. Computers can still be useful even if they can't communicate with the user. 5. The information necessary for solving problems is found in the Memory of the computer. IV. Use the right form of the words in brackets to make complete sentences

1. A mainframe is Larger than a minicomputer? (Large) 2. Learning to use a computer is not as difficult as learning to program. (Difficult) 3. A digital computer is more expensive than an analogue one. (Expensive) 4. You can save money with a network because you'll need few printers. (Few) ->? 5. BASIC is the easiest programming language to learn. (Easy) V. Use the words given to make complete sentences 1. Computer/ machine/ intricate network/ electronic circuits. Computer is a machine with an intricate network of electronic circuits. 2. Basic job/ computer/ processing/ information. The basic job of computer is the processing of information. 3. Computer/ made/ of/ electronic/ computers. Todays computers are made up of more electronic devices than previous computers.->? 4. Much space/ taken/ up/ input/ output/ device. Much space is taken up by the input/output devices. 5. Digital computer/ better/ analogue one. Digital computer is better than an analog one. VI. Translate the sentences into English 1. My tnh ln thng s dng ng thi nhiu trnh ng dng. chuyn t chng trnh ny sang chng trnh khc nhm tng hiu sut x l. Mainframe computers usually process several application programs concurrently, switching from one to the other for the purpose of increasing processing productivity. 2. My tnh l thit b nhn thng tin di dng cu lnh hay cn gi l chng trnh v cc k t hay cn gi l d liu. Computer is the devices which accept information in the form of instructions called a program and characters called data. 3. D liu thng c lu tr trong b nh ca my tnh. Data is usually stored in the memory of the computer 4.Mt chic my tnh c th gii c rt nhiu cc php tnh logic s hc cng mt lc. A computer can perform a lot of arithmetical and logical operations (at the same time) concurrently. 5. My tnh ngy nay c nhiu mch hn my tnh trc y. Today's computers have more circuits than previous computers

Test 2 I. Read the passage and answers the questions 1. What is there at the bottom of a mouse? There is a rotating ball at the bottom of a mouse. 2. How many buttons are there on the top of mouse? There are one, two, or three buttons on the top of the mouse sever different purposes for different software packages. 3. How do the keyboard and mouse receive input? The keyboard and mouse receive input by mechanical means (you can press a key or move the mouse), and this movement is converted into binary data that is input into computer. 4. What is the monitor? The monitor is the visual device that display the primary output of the computer. 5. What kinds of printers are the most popular today? The most popular printers available today are ink - jet, laser, dot matrix printers. II. Translate part of the text into Vietnamese Con chut l dng c tr di chuyn con tr trn mn hnh v thc hin cc la chn trn m hnh. bn di ca con chut cha 1 hn bi xoay ci m c s dng theo di s di chuyn v kim sot v tr ca con tr. C 1, 2 hoc 3 nt trn con chut ct t ( hoc l phn tch) cc mc ch khc nhau i vi cc gi phn mm khc nhau. Ly v d, vi HDH Windows 98 s dng chut tri thc thi lnh v chut phi hin th thng tin v lnh . C bn phm v con chut u nhn u vo bng cc cch thc c hc ( nh bn n 1 phm hoc di chuyn chut), v chuyn ng ny c chuyn i thnh d liu nh phn l u vo ca my tnh. III. Put one suitable word into each sentence 1. Every computer has Circuits for performing arithmetic operating. 2. A Terminal with a screen is normally referred to as a CRT display unit. 3. A computer is a Device that possesses information in the form of program and data. 4. Card readers, tape drives, or disk drives are different Devices for inputting information. 5. A computer can store information in a Memory IV. Use the right form of the words in brackets to make complete sentences 1. Various terminals are connected to this work - station. (Connect) 2. Microcomputers are known as PUS. (Know) 3. Magazines are typeset by computers. (Type-set) 4. Hard disks are use for the permanent storage of information.(use) 5. When a computer program is run, the data is processed by the computer very

rapidly. (Process) V. Use the words given to make complete sentences 1. Today/ we/ still count/ tens/ multiples/ ten. Today, we still count in ten and multiples of tens. 2. Analogue computer/ use/ World War II/ help/ aim/ gums. Analog computer was used in World War II to help aim guns. 3. All/ operations/ ALU/ be/ under/ direction/ control/ unit. All the operations of the ALU are under the direction of the control unit. 4. Main storage/ CPU/ connected/ a console. Main storage and the CPU are connected to a console. 5. Many mini/ micro computer/ not/ have/ console. Many mini and micro computer (system) do not have a console. VI. Translate the sentences into English 1. Chic my tnh tng t u tin c ngi M ch to vo nm 1930 nhm phc v cho chin tranh th gii ln th hai ... The first analog computer was built in 1930 by an American to serve World-War II. 2. Thc loga c pht minh ra cch y hng trm nm. The slide rule was invented hundreds of years ago. 3. My tnh bao gm 2 phn chnh, l phn cng v phn mm. Computer system consists of two components: software and hardware. 4. H thng my vi tnh hon chnh bao gm b vi x l, b nh v thit b ngoi vi A complete computer system consists of processor, memory and peripheral devices. 5. Cc sn phm hon thin c gi l cha kha trao tay. The complete (hardware and software) products are called turnkey systems.

Test 3. I. Read the passage and answer the questions 1. Is communications a kind of applications software? Yes, it is 2. What does each software category consist of? Each software category consists of many different products. 3. What kinds of applications software are being produced? Applications software are being produced is suite of software. 4. How are updates to data or text automatically recorded in all linked files? The programs are designed to make it easy to move data from one suite program to another and files within a suite's program can be linked so that updates to data or text automatically recorded in all linked files. 5. What are the names of the two popular word - processing packages mentioned in the text? The names of the two popular word - processing packages mentioned in the text are Word and WordPerfect. II. Translate part of the text into Vietnamese. Hu ht cc phn mm ng dng ph hp vi 8 chng loi : x l vn bn, bng tnh, qun l d liu, ha, lin lc, tr chi, m hnh ton hc v cc cng c pht trin phn mm. C nhiu loi sn phm khc nhau trong mi chng loi phn mm. Ly v d, vi gi phn mm qun l d liu cha Access, Paradox, v Film make v 2 gi phn mm x l vn bn ph bin l Word v WordPerfect. III. Put one suitable word into each sentence . 1. Information processing takes places in the Process not in the input device or the output device. 2. The Hardware refers to all the electromechanical devices used in a computer installation. 3. Magnetic tape and magnetic disk units are used as secondary Memory storage devices. 4. A computer isn't usually single Purpose machine and may require specialized personnel to operate it. 5. All other devices used in a computer system a attached to the CPU. IV. Use the right form of the words in brackets to make complete sentences 1. In some modern system, information is held in optical disks. (Hold) 2. All the activities of the computer system are coordinated by central processing unit. (Coordinate) 3. The drug - detecting test in the tour de France is supported by computers. (support)

4. The first analogue computer was built by an American named Vanne Var Bush. (Build) 5. The second generation of computer was developed to perform work ten times faster than their predecessors. (Develop) V. Use the words given to make complete sentences 1. Computers/ design/ process/ information/ call/ data. Computers were designed to process information called data 2. Information/ present/ machine/ input. The information is presented to the machine is the input 3. Electrical/ signals/ not/ have/ travel/ far. Electric signals do not have to travel far. 4. There/ be/ one/ problem/ semiconductor memory. There is one problem with semiconductor memory 5. There/ be/ three types/ memory. There are three types of memory VI. Translate the sentences into English 1. Mt h thng my tnh hon thin cn c phn cng v phn mm. A complete computer system needs both hardware and software. 2. My tnh c ngha l b x l v b nh trong. The computer means processor and the internal memory 3. My tnh ln l nhng c my mnh m v khng l. Mainframes are huge powerful machine 4. Thit b ngoi vi ca my tnh ln chim rt nhiu khong khng. The peripheral devices of mainframe take much space 5. My tnh s ging nh 1 chic my tnh tin khng l. N c th tnh ton rt nhanh v chnh xc. The digital computer is like a gigantic cash register. It can do calculations at tremendous speed and with great accuracy.

Test 4 I. Read the passage and answers the questions 1. What is the aim of applications software? The aim of application software is: It can work on top of a particular OS 2. Can applications software run without DOS? No, they can not. 3. What functions does the application pass to DOS? The application passes certain functions to DOS such as reading from CD-Rom or printing. 4. What does not work on a Macintosh system? An application written to run on DOS does not work on Macintosh system. 5. What should you do if you want to take full advantage of an OS's power? If I want to take full advantage of an OS's power I should buy software written specifically for the OS that you are using. II. Translate part of the text into Vietnamese Phn mm ng dng c thit k lm vic trn nh ca 1 OS c bit. " trn nh" y tc l ng dng ph thuc vo OS, nh l MS - DOS hoc l OS/2 chy. Ly v d l, coi th 1 tnh hung trong DOS ti v thc thi 1 ng dng. ng dng khng th chy k c ti chnh n nu khng c DOS. nh th l 1 ti liu khng th chnh sa nu khng c 1 chng trnh x l vn bn. ng dng chuyn nhng chc nng c bit n DOS, nh l c t CD - ROM hoc my in. III. Put one suitable word into each sentence 1. A computer system consists of two components: hardware and Software 2. The central Processing unit and the peripherals constitute the hardware component. 3. System software and Application software comprise the software component. 4. Devices that are used for secondary storage are considered port of Hardware component. 5. The devices along with input and output devices are referred to as Peripheral devices. IV. Use the right form of the words in brackets to make complete sentences 1. COBOL is used for business applications. (Use) 2. In the next century, computers will be programmed in natural languages like English or French. (Program) 3. Original programs were written in a high - level language. (Write) 4. A new version of Turbo Pascal has just been release (Release) 5. All computer languages must be translated into binary commands. (Translate) V. Use the words given to make complete sentences 1. Software/ programs/ control/ coordinate/ activities/ compute hardware. Software is the programs that control and coordinate the activities of the

computer hardware 2. Basic computers/ computer hardware/ join/ together. The basic components of computer hardware joined together 3. A disk driver/ equipped/ two/ recording/ heads. A disk driver is equipped with two recording heads 4. Non - impact printers/ be/ used/ very high speed. Non - impact printers are used for very high speed 5. Many lines/ printed/ same time. Many lines are printed at the same time VI. Translate the sentences into English 1. My tnh tng t hot ng ging nh ng h o tc ca xe t. The analog computer works like a car speedometer 2. My tnh lai l s kt hp ca c my tnh s v my tnh tng t. The Hybrid computer is a combination of both digital and analog computers 3. CPU chu trch nhim v mi hot ng din ra bn trong my tnh. The CPU is responsible for all the activities taking place within a computer. 4. B nh ph v b nh trong khng nm cng 1 ni trong my tnh. Secondary memory and internal memory are not located in the same place in the computer system 5. My tnh nh ch dng cho mt ng dng c nh v chy mt chng trnh n l. Minicomputers are used (merely) for a fixed application and run a single program.

I.

Test 5 Read the passage and answer the questions 1. What does the term "computer" refer to? The term "computer" refers to the central processing unit (CPU) together with an internal memory 2. What does the heart of the computer system consist of? The heart of the computer system consists of the internal memory or main storage, control and processing components 3. What does the CPU determine? The CPU determines which operations should be carried out and in what order 4. What are the two functional units of the CPU? The two functional units of the CPU are the control unit (CU) and the arithmetic - logical unit (ALU). 5. Can the central processor transmit coordinating control signs and commands? Yes, it can. II. Translate part of the text into Vietnamese Nhng t "my tnh" v " b x l" c s dng hon i cho nhau t thc tin chung ca nghnh khoa hc my tnh. Chnh xc hn, "my tnh" m ch khi x l trung (CPU) cng vi b nh trong. B nh trong hoc b nh chnh, kim sot v x l cc cu kin cu to nn tri tim ca h thng my tnh. Cc nh sn xut thit k CPU kim sot v thc thi nhng lnh c bn cho my tnh c chng ca h. III. Put one suitable word into each sentence 1. A mainframe is a type of Computer that can sit on top of a desk. 2. Mainframes are very powerful and can execute jobs very rapidly and easily. 3. The analogue computer is far smaller than a Digital computer. 4. Mainframes are huge machines whose peripheral Equipment takes up a lot of space. 5. The digital computer continuously works out Calculations IV. Use the right form of the words in brackets to make complete sentences 1. In the 1970s, new languages such as LISP and PROLOG Were designed for research into Artificial Intelligence. (Design) 2. The ADA language was developed in 1979. (Develop) 3. The surface of a floppy disk is divided into concentric circles or "tracks".

(Divide) 4. Information stored in the RAM is lost when the computer is turned off. (Lose) 5. All computers are made up of groups of elements. (Make) V. Use the words given to make complete sentences 1. Mainframes/ large computer systems/ find/ computer installations. Mainframes are the large computer systems found in computer installations 2. Digital computer/ know/ as/ general - purpose. Digital computer is known as general - purpose (machine) 3. Computer/ capable/ storing/ manipulating numbers. Computer is capable of storing and manipulating numbers. 4. Computers/ have/ circuits/ which/ decisions. Computers have circuits which can make decisions 5. Computer/ not/ do/ anything/ unless/ person/ tell/ what/ do. Computer can not do anything unless person tells it what to do. VI. Translate the sentences into English 1.Tt c cc my tnh u c chung mt s c im, cha k n thit k hay ch to. All computers have several characteristics in common, regardless of make or design 2. Mt trong nhng c im quan trng nht ca my tnh l kh nng lu tr thng tin trong b nh ca n. One of the most important characteristics of computers is to hold (storing) information in its memory 3. My c th loi b nhiu cng vic bun t v nhm chn ra khi i sng ca chng ta, khin ta c nhiu thi gian hn cho nhng cng vic th v v mang tnh sng to. Computers can remove many of the routine and boring tasks from our lives, thereby leaving us with more time for interesting and creative works. 4. My tnh lm thay i rt nhiu v iu kin lm vic ca chng ta. Computers have changed our condition of working very much. 5. D liu c th c lu vo cc thit b lu tr ph nh bng t, a t. Data can be stored on secondary memory devices such as magnetic tape, magnetic disk.

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Test 6 I. Read the passage and answer the questions 1. Does the arithmetic logical unit perform some kinds of logical operations? Yes, it does 2. Why must programs and data be in internal memory? Programs and data must be in internal memory in order to be processed. 3. What are the main storage and the CPU connected to? The main storage and the CPU connected to a console 4. When is the console used? It is used mainly when the computer is being started up or during maintenance and repair 5. Do all kinds of computers have a console? No, they dont. II. Translate part of the text into Vietnamese mt khc b logic hc l mt phn ca my tnh trong cc php tnh s hc nh cng, tr nhn chia v lu tha c thc hin theo lnh v ch th. N cng thc hhin mt s php ton logic chng hn nh so snh hay la chn thng tin. Tt c hot ng ca ALU u di s ch o ca b iu khin. III. Put one suitable word into each sentence An output device Computer Storage Logical Control 1. The CPU is composed of arithmetic logical unit. 2. The CPU is responsible for all the activities taking place within a computer. 3. The processor cannot operate on any information if the information is not in main storage. 4. Only after the data has been processed by the CPU can the results be transmitted to an output device.

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5. In digital computers, the CPU can be divided into two functional units called the control unit and the arithmetic logical unit. IV. Use the right form of the words in brackets to make complete sentences 1. A computer is limited in its ability by the imagination of man. (Imagine/Imagination) 2. Many terminals can be added to a basic system if the need arises. (Add/Added) 3. There can be many complications involved in setting up a computer in an old building. (Complications/ complicate) 4. There isnt a very big difference in flowcharting for a program to be written in COBOL or FORTRAN. (Differ/ difference) 5. Computers are reliable machines. (Rely/ reliable) V. Use the words given to make complete sentences 1. CPU/ designed/ control/ carry out/ basic instructions. The CPU is designed to control and carry out basic instructions. 2. CPU/ digital computer/ divided/ two functional units. The CPU of digital computer is divided into two functional units. 3. 17th and 18th centuries/ many people/ try/ find/ easy ways/ calculating. During 17th and 18th centuries many people tried to find easy ways of calculating. 4. Second generation/ computers/ be/ smaller/ dependable than/ first generation/computers. The second generation computers were smaller and more dependable than the first-generation computers. 5. First real/ calculating machine/ save/ lot/ time. The first real calculating machine saved a lot of time. VI. Translate the sentences into English 1. Thit b ngoi vi bao gm cc thit b u vo, u ra, cc thit b nh ph, .v.v. The peripheral devices consist of input/output devices, secondary memory devices, etc 2. Cc thit b ngoi vi khc nhau nh b c th, bn phm u c ni vi b x l trung tm. The various peripheral devices such as card reader, keyboard are attached to the CPU. 3. Phn mm my tnh c th chia lm 2 loi: phn mm ng dng v phm mm h thng. Computer software can be divided into two broad categories: application software and systems software.

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4. Phm mm h thng thng c gi n gin l h thng. N ch o my tnh thc hin cc tc v. System software is often simply called systems. It directs the computer to perform tasks. 5. Phm mm ng dng c th c cung cp km theo phn cng nh l mt phn ca sn phm my tnh nhm p ng mt nhu cu nht nh. Application software may be provided along with the hardware as a part of a computer product (designed) to answer a specific need. Test 7 Read the passage and answer the questions 1. Why are information system often computerized? Information systems are often computerized because of the need to respond quickly and flexibly to queries. 2. What produce the working documents of the business? The transactions processing systems produce the working documents of the business 3. Where are the transactions processing system? The transactions processing system are at the bottom level in the information hierarchy 4. What do decision support systems take to produce strategic plans ? The decision support systems take external information market trends and other external financial data and processed internal information, such as sales trends to produce strategic plans. 5. What do Management information systems take to monitor the performance of the business? The Management information systems take takes the plans and information from the transaction level systems to monitor the performance of the business as a whole. II. Translate part of the text into Vietnamese H thng thng tin thng c my tnh ha bi v s cn thit hi p nhanh chng v linh ng cho cc truy vn. mc thp trong h thng tin phn cp l cc h thng x l giao dch( mt giao tc l mt n v cng vic ring l) m thu thp v x l cc thng tin bn trong, nh l d liu bn, d liu sn lng, d liu kho. Nhng th ny to nn ti liu kinh doanh nh l cc ha n v cc bn k. Mt cch c th, nhng h thng trn l nhng h thng u tin m mt cng ty s ci t. III. Put one suitable word into each sentence

I.

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Memory Minicomputer Core Capacity Unmagnified 1. Early computer memories had less storage capacity than newer ones. 2. The development of chips made it possible for minicomputer and microcomputers to be invented. 3. There are at least three different kinds of memoryused in computers. 4. Core memory uses small metal rings which can be magnetized or unmagnified 5. Semiconductor memory was developed before core memory and after bubble memory. IV. Use the right form of the words in brackets to make complete sentences 1. Some people are good at inventing imaginative stories. (Imaginative/imagine) 2. Addition and subtraction are two basic mathematical operations. (Add/addition) 3. It is sometimes a very complicated process getting into a computer installation for security reasons. (Complication/ complicated) 4. There are many different computer manufacturers today. (Differ/ different) 5. If you dont know the meaning of a computer term you cannot always rely on an all purpose dictionary for the answers. (Reliable/ rely) V. Use the words given to make complete sentences 1. One/ most/ important characteristics/ a computer/ be/ ability/ store/ information/ long. One of the most important characteristics of a computer is the ability of storing information long. 2. Mainframes/ been/ reduce/ both/ size/ cost. Mainframes have been reduced in both size and cost. 3. Peripheral/ devices/ such/ card readers/ attach/ the CPU. The peripheral devices such as card reader are attached to the CPU. 4. Computer/ respond/ certain number/ instructions. A computer can only respond to certain number of instructions. 5. Computing power/ become/ portable/ more impact/ cheap. Computing power has become portable, more compact, and cheaper. VI. Translate the sentences into English

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1. My tnh s c s dng nhiu hn bt k loi my tnh no khc. Digital Computers are used more than any other type of CPU 2. My tnh s i khi c gi l my tnh a nng. D liu cung cp cho n l cc m c to thnh bi cc con s The digital sometimes is known as general purpose computer. The data that are presented to it are made up of code consisting of digitssingle character numbers. 3. Cc nhn vin vn phng s dng nhiu ng dng ca my tnh nh x l vn bn v c s d liu. Office workers use many computer applications such as word processing and databases. 4. a mm c lm t nha mm vi b mt c th t ha c. Floppy disks are made of flexible plastic material which has a magnetizable surface. 5. u c c th chuyn thng tin t a n b nh ca my tnh. Reading heads are capable of transferring information from a disk to the memory of the computer. II. Test 8 I. Read the passage and answers the questions 1. Is a computers capability of storing information important? Yes, it is. 2. How many types of memory are discussed? There are three types of memory are discussed. They are core memory, semiconductor memory, and bubble memory. 3. Is the core memory a new invention? Yes, it is. 4. What did each core represent? Each core represented a binary digit of either 0 or 1, depending on its state. 5. What is the memory capacity of a computer today? The memory capacity of a computer today is millions of bits. II. Translate part of the text into Vietnamese B nh ca my tnh u tin c ch to bng mt loi mng li lm bng dy kim loi mnh an ngang dc. Ti mi im ni cc dy giao nhau c mt vng ferit nh gi l li (do vy c tn l b nh li t) c kh nng t ho hoc kh t c. Mi giao im c mt a ch duy nht, do khi dng in chy qua dy, cc li t b ho cng nh kh t c nhn ra qua a ch ring ca chng. Mi li t c tiu biu

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cho mt s nh phn 1 hoc 0, tu theo trng thi ca n. Cc my tnh ban u c khong 80000 bit trong khi hin nay chng c g ng ngc nhin khi nghe v b nh hng triu bit. iu ny c th thc hin c do s ra i ca transitor v do s ch to cc mch c thu nh. V th my tnh ci gim bt kch c cng nh gi c. Sut nhng nm 50, 60 v cho n gia nhng nm 1970 b nh li t vn chim lnh trn th trng. III. Put one suitable word into each sentence RAM Fields Hard Data Disks 1. Secondary storage is limited in size and is often too small to contain all the necessary data. 2. Floppy disk should be kept in their protective envelope when not in use. 3. Magnetic fields do not destroy data on floppy disks. 4. Information stored in RAM is lost when the computer is turned off. 5. Data and applications are stored in either hard or floppy disks which provide a more permanent backing store. IV. Use the right form of the words in brackets to make complete sentences 1. It is practically impossible to imagine the speed at which a computer number. (imagine/ imaginable) 2. When buying a system, there is often no additional charge for the programs. (added/ additional) 3. It is sometimes very complicated to explain computer concepts. (complicated/complicatedly) 4. The opinions of programmers as to the best way of solving a problem often differ greatly. (difference/ differ) 5. Computers can do mathematical operations quickly and reliably (reliably/Reliability) V. Use the words given to make complete sentences 1. There/ be/ two kind/ disk drivers. There are two kinds of disk drivers 2. Information/ disk/ organized/ terms/ blocks. Information on a disk is organized in terms of blocks 3. Computer software/ divided/ two very/ broad categories. Computer software can be divided into two very broad categories 4. Poorly chosen/ system/ incapable/ performing/ tasks.

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A poorly chosen system can be (a monstrosity) incapable of performing the tasks 5. Data/ instructions/ store/ internal memory. Data and instructions are stored in the internal memory. VI. Translate the sentences into English 1. Nhng g chng ta nhn thy trn mn hnh l c to ra v lu tr trong RAM. What we see on the screen is created and stored in an area of RAM 2. Cc k t v hnh nh m chng ta thy trn mn hnh c to thnh bi cc im c gi l phn t nh. The characters and pictures that we see on the screen are made up of dots called picture elements (pixels). 3. S lng phn t nh cng ln th cho ta hnh nh cng r nt. A large number of pixels give a much clearer image 4. Mn hnh c iu khin bi 1 bng mch ring c gi l b iu hp mn hnh. The monitor is controlled by a separate circuit board called the display adaptor. 5. Mn hnh xch tay s dng mn hnh tinh th lng thay cho n hnh. Portable computer displays use a flat liquid crystal display instead of a picture tube. Test 9 I. Read the passage and answers the questions 1. What further development was there in the 1790s? It was the ability to etch thousands of integrated circuits onto a tiny piece (chip) of silicon, which is a non metallic element with semiconductor characteristics. 2. How many circuits do chips have? Chips have thousands of identical circuits. 3. What are the two advantages of very small size chips? The two advantages of very small size chips are: the electrical signals are transmitted faster and the size of the components containing the circuitry can be considerably reduced. 4. What is not good about semiconductor memory? The not good about semiconductor is information in the memory is lost when the power is removed. 5. What type of computer is magnetic bubble memory suitable for? The magnetic bubble memory is suitable for microcomputers. II. Translate part of the text into Vietnamese Mt bc pht trin khc trong lnh vc b nh my tnh l b nh bt t. Khi nim bao gm cch to ra mt mng phim mng bng hp kim ln trn mt bng b nh. khi mng phim ny b t ho, n to thnh nhng bt t, s hin din hay vng mt

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ca n tng trng cho mt bit thng tin. Nhng bt t ny cc nh, ng kch khong 0,1 micromet. V th b nh bt t c th lu tr thng tin vi mt ln hn cc b nh hin c, iu ny lm cho n ph hp vi my vi tnh. B nh t khng t tin tiu th t in, kch thc nh v tin cy cao. C l ngi ta vn cn hc hi nghin cu nhiu v lnh vc ny. III. Put one suitable word into each sentence Output Impact (2) Capable Printer 1. Laser writer are capable of printing more than one line at a time. 2. Line printers are much faster than other impact printer. 3. A printed output of the data processing operation is valuable because it provides a permanent record of the results. 4. Chain printers give a better quality printing than drum printer 5. Thermal and electrostatic printers are capable of shading whereas impact printers are not. IV. Use the right form of the words in brackets to make complete sentences 1. Programs written in a high level language require compilation or translation into a machine code. (compiler/ compilation) 2. Most computer programmers make a plan of the program before they write it. This program is called flowchart. (program/ programmers) 3. One of the first persons to note that the computer is malfunctioning is the computer operator. (operator/ operation) 4. It is acceptable to work without a template if the flowcharts are not kept in file. (acceptable/ accepted) 5. Converting an algorithm into a sequence of instructions in a programming language is called programming (programmer/ programming) V. Use the words given to make complete sentences 1. Central computers/ become/ faster/ powerful. Central computer became faster and more powerful. 2. Small machines/ equipped/ a fairly large display. Small machines are equipped with a fairy large display. 3. CRT terminals/ be/ very/ powerful/ interactive. CRT terminal are very powerful interactive devices. 4. New output/ devices/ have/ developed/ bridge/ gaps/ between/ various

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devices. New output devices have been developed to bridge the gaps between the various devices. 5. It/ be/ possible/ these devices/ change/ style/ size/ the letters. It is possible with these devices to change the style and size of the letters. VI. Translate the sentences into English 1. H thng l m ch mt tp hp cc b phn thng nht cng lm vic vi nhau to nn mt tng th c ch. A system implies a good mixture of integrated parts working together to form a useful whole. 2. My tnh c xem nh l mt h thng bao gm phn cng v phn mm. A computer can be considered as a system made up of hardware and software. 3. Phn cng my tnh l ni n nhng b phn ca h thng my tnh m bn c th nhn thy c. Computer hardware refers to the parts of the computer system that you can see. 4. Bn phm, mn hnh, a v my in l nhng thit b phn cng. Keyboard, monitor and disk driver are hardware devices. 5. Phn mm my tnh ni ti cc chng trnh hay cc lnh iu khin phn cng thc hin tc v c th. Computer software refers to the computer programs or instructions which direct the hardware to perform the task.

Test 10 I. Read the passage and answer the questions 1. Why was it possible to establish many remote display stations? Because central computers became faster and more powerful, it was possible to establish many remote display stations. 2. What kind of terminal is used to eliminate paper waste? Cathode ray tube (CRT) is used to eliminate paper waste. 3. What are display terminals like? Display terminals are like TV screen. (?)

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4. Are CRT terminals fast and quiet? Yes, they are 5. Can lower case letters be displayed in underdeveloped devices? Yes, it can. II. Translate part of the text into Vietnamese Do my tnh trung tm ngy cng tr nn nhanh hn v mnh hn nn c th thit b lp nhiu trm hin th t xa, t nhng trm ny thao tc vin c th s dng cng my tnh hin th thng tin v nhp s liu. Sau ny ngay c my nh cng c trang b mn hnh tng i ln v bn phm cho nhng ngi s dng c trnh s dng gii hn hn l cho nhng thao tc vin my tnh c k thut cao. III. Put one suitable word into each sentence Devices paper visual which video 1. Modern terminals have numerous feature which can be of use in computer assisted instruction. 2. The development of CRT terminals help reduce the problem of wasted paper 3. Terminals with visual screens and hard copy output are useful for checking student record. 4. The full power of video display terminals may soon be realized. In recent years, new output devices have been developed to bridge the gaps between the various devices. IV. Use the right form of the words in brackets to make complete sentences 1. Computers are thought to have many remarkable powers. (think) 2. A computer cannot do anything unless a person tells it what to do and gives it appropriate in formation. (do) 3. The first real calculating machine appeared in 1820 as the result of several peoples experiments. (appear) 4. Charge Babbage could be called the father of computer. (call) 5. Instructions used by computers are always kept inside the computers memory. (always keep) V. Use the words given to make complete sentences 1. Mainframes/ process/ immense amounts/ data. Mainframes process immense amounts of data. 2. Smaller computer/ take/ several steep/ perform/ particular operation. Small computers (may) take several steps to perform a particular operation. 3. Digital computer/ make/ up/ 90 percent/ large computers.

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Digital computer makes up about 90 percent of large computers(now in use) 4. Digital computer/ be/ much/ good/ than/ analogue one. A digital computer is much better than an analogue one. 5. The power/ consumption/ these/ machines/ be/ quite/ high. The power consumption of these machines is also quite high. VI. Translate the sentences into English 1. My tnh tng c xem nh l 1 chic my cng cc ln. Computer has often been thought of as extremely large adding machines 2. Thut ng my tnh bao gm nhng b phn ca phn cng m cc php tnh v cc thao tc d liu c thc hin. The term computer includes those parts of hardware in which calculations and other data manipulation are performed. 3. My tnh c th loi b rt nhiu cng vic bun t ra khi cuc sng ca chng ta. Computer can remove many of the routine and boring tasks from our lives. 4. My tnh c th gi quyt hng lot vn m khng tr nn mt mi hay bun chn. A computer can solve a series of problems without becoming tired or bored. 5. tng chnh v 1 chic my tnh l chng ta c th buc n lm nhng vic chng ta mun. The basic idea of a computer is that we can make the machine do what we want.

BI DCH

Bi 1. Hu ht cc thit b vo ra u nm v my tnh. Cc thit b ny giao tip vi nhng phn bn trong v my thng qua cp c gn vo v my ch kt ni gi l cng, gi d liu hoc l cc lnh n my tnh v nhn chng t my tnh. Hu ht cc my tnh c cc cng c nh v mt sau ca v my, nhng c mt vi loi th th t cng ng trc ca v my tin truy xut. Hu ht cc thit b vo ph thng l bn phm v chut, v cc thit b xut ph thng l mn hnh v my in. Bn phm l thit b nhp chnh ca my tnh. Cc bn phm m l chun hin nay c gi l bn phm tng cng v c 102 nt. Mt vi bn phm cong thoi mi hn cho bn tay v c tay c gi l bn phm cng thi hc. Thm vo , mt vi bn phm c trang b vi cng dnh cho chut- l ni m chut c th c cm vo bn phm- mc d vy thng thng th cng cm

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chut thng c t trc tip v my tnh. in chy bn phm xut pht t bn trong v my tnh v c cung cp bi dy in trong cp ca bn phm. Bi 2. Chut l mt thit b tr c s dng di chuyn con tr v chn vng trn mn hnh. Di cng ca chut l mt qu bong c th xoay c c s dng theo di s di chuyn v kim sot v tr ca con tr. ba nt pha trn ca chut phc v cho nhng mc ch khc nhau cho nhng gi phn mm khc nhau. Ly v d, Windows 98 s dng chut tri thc hin lnh v chut phi hin th thng tin v lnh. C bn phm v chut nhn thng tin nhp vo mt cch c hc ( bn bm phm hay di chuyn chut), v s di chuyn ny c chuyn i sang d liu nh phn m c a vo my tnh. Mn hnh v my in nhng thit b xut ph thng nht. Mn hnh l mt thit b trc quan m hin th nhng kt qu ra ca my tnh. Tt c cc mn hnh u l n sc(mt mu), nhng ngy nay chng hin th vn bn v ha mu. Sn xut phn cng nh gi mn hnh da vo kch thc ca n ( theo n v inch) v bng s im nh trn mn hnh c dng hin th. Mt pixel l mt im hay mt n v mu nh nht hin th trn mn hnh. Thit b xut quan rt quan trng l my in, ci m cho ra kt qu ln nhng t giy, thng c gi l sao chp cng. Cc my in ph thng c ngy ny l my in mc-phun, laser, my in ma trn im. Mn hnh v my in cn c ngun cung cp nng lng ring cho chng. Dy in ca chng kt ni vi ngun in. i khi v my tnh cung cp ngun in cho dy in mn hnh khng cn phi thm mt ngun in na. Bi 3 Hu ht cc phn mm ng dng bao gm 8 loi sau: x l vn bn, bng tnh, qun tr c s d liu, ha, truyn thng, tr chi, m hnh ton hc v cc cng c pht trin phn mm. C nhiu sn phm trong mi loi phn mm trn. Ly v d, mt vi gi qun tr c s d liu gm c Access, Paradox v Film Make, hai gi phn mm x l vn bn gm Word v WordPerfect Sn xut cc phn mm ng dng l to ra nhng phn mm tin ch m kt hp c x l vn bn v chng trnh bng tnh v thng bao gm c chng trnh qun tr c s d liu, gi trnh din, gi email, v gi trnh duyt mng. Cc tin ch cung cp nhiu u im, s tht l cc chng trnh hng n s dng nhng tp lnh cn bn chung , cc chng trnh c thit k to s d dng cho di chuyn d liu t chng trnh tin ch ny n ci khc ; v cc tp tin trong mt chng trnh tin ch c lin kt , vic cp nht d liu hay vn bn c ghi li mt cch t ng tt c cc tp tin c lin kt. Bi 4. Cc chng trnh ng dng c thit k chy trn mt h iu hnh c th. On top of- trn mt th g y c ngha l chng trnh ng dng ph thuc vo h iu hnh c th chy v d nh MS-DOS hoc OS/2. Ly th

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d, xt tnh hung m DOS np v thc thi ng dng. ng dng khng th t chy hoc thm ch t np m khng c DOS, hn na mt ti liu khng th c chnh sa m khng c mt chng trnh x l vn bn. DOS lun hin hu trong sut thi gian ng dng chy. ng dng chuyn nhng cc nhim v c th cho DOS nh l c t a quang hay in. Ni chung mt chng trnh mt chng trnh c vit chy trn mt h iu hnh s khng tt yu s chy trn mt h iu hnh khc. Mt chng trnh vit chy trn DOS khng chy trn h iu hnh Macintosh. Tuy nhin c mt vi loi tr. Ly v d, OS/2 c vit bt c ng dng no c vit chy trn DOS cng chy trn OS/2 l mt im cc k ng gi ca OS/2 . Tuy nhin tn dng ti a nng lc ca DOS v ca ng dng, bn nn mua cc chng trnh ng dng c vit ring cho h iu hnh m bn ang s dng. Bi 5. Mt thi quen thng c trong khoa hc my tnh l cc t my tnh v b x l c s dng hon i cho nhau. Hn na, my tnh cp n n v x l trung tm (CPU) cng vi b nh trong. B nh trong hay kho lu tr chnh, cc thnh phn iu khin v x l to nn tri tim ca h thng my tnh. Vic sn xut thit k b x l trung tm iu khin v thc hin cc lnh cho my tnh c th. B x l trung tm iu khin tt c cc hot ng ca cc thnh phn ca my tnh. N quyt nh thao tc no s c thc thi v vi th t th no. B x l trung tm cng c th tm kim thng tin trong b nh v lu tr kt qu vo b nh cho ln tham kho sau. my tnh s b x l trung tm c th c phn chia thnh hai n v chc nng gi l khi iu khin (CU) v khi tnh ton s hc v logic (ALU). Hai n v ny c to ln t cc mch in t vi hng triu cng tc hai trng thi bt hoc tt. Chc nng ca khi iu khin l truyn cc tn hiu iu khin v lnh. Khi iu khin l phn ca my tnh m iu khin cc thao tc tng bc tun t ca h thng, la chn cc lnh v d liu t b nh, thng dch cc lnh chng trnh v iu khin lung gia kho lu tr chnh v khi s hc v logic. Bi 6. Khi s hc v logic, mt khc, l mt phn ca my tnh m cc thao tc s hc hin ti nh l cng, tr, nhn, chia v ly tha, c yu cu trong cc lnh c thc hin. N cng thc hin mt vi loi thao tc logic nh so snh hay la chn thng tin. Tt c cc thao tc ca khi s hc v logic di s iu khin ca khi iu khin. Chng trnh v d liu m trn khi iu khin v khi s hc logic thc hin, phi trong b nh trn c x l. Do vy, nu nh v thit b nh th cp nh l a hoc bng, chng trnh v d liu trc tin c np vo

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trong b nh chnh Kho lu tr chnh v b x l trung tm c kt ni ti mt bn giao tip ngimy, ni m cc thao tc iu khin th cng c th c thc hin bi mt thao tc. Bn giao tip ngi my l mt thit b quan trng, dnh cho mc ch c bit. N c s dng chnh khi my tnh ang khi ng, hay trong sut qu trnh bo tr v sa cha. Nhiu h thng nh v vi h thng khng c bn giao tip ngi my. Bi 7. H thng thng tin thng c my tnh ha bi v s cn thit hi p nhanh chng v linh ng cho cc truy vn. mc thp trong h thng tin phn cp l cc h thng x l giao dch( mt giao tc l mt n v cng vic ring l) m thu thp v x l cc thng tin bn trong, nh l d liu bn, d liu sn lng, d liu kho. Nhng th ny to nn ti liu kinh doanh nh l cc ha n v cc bn k. Mt cch c th, nhng h thng trn l nhng h thng u tin m mt cng ty s ci t. Trn mc ca cp giao tc l h thng h tr ra quyt nh. Nhng h thng ny ly nhng thng tin bn ngoi- cc khuynh hng th trng v cc d liu ti chnh bn ngoi khc- v cc thng tin bn trong c x l, nh l khuynh hng bn hang, a ra cc k hoch chin lc, cc d bo, ngn sch kinh doanh. Thng cc h thng ni trn c t cng nhau bng tnh ca my tnh v cc cng c khng kt ni khc. Cc h thng thng tin qun l nm trn cng ca h thng thng tin phn cp. H thng thng tin qun l ly cc k hoch v thng tin t cp giao tc gim st s thc hin ca ton b cng vic kinh doanh. N cung cp phn hi gip k hoch chin lc, d bo v ngn sch kinh doanh ci m nh hng n iu xy ra cp giao tc. Bi 8. Nh cp trc, mt trong nhng phn c im quan trng nht ca my tnh l dung lng ca vic lu tr thng tin trong b nh lu x l n. Khng phi hu ht cc my tnh u c chung mt loi b nh/ trong phn ny, c 3 loi b nh c bn n: b nh li, b nh bn dn (hay chip), v b nh bt. B nh ca my tnh u tin c lm ln t mt loi dy in li tt ngang dc. mi giao im ni m cc dy in b giao nhau, c mt nhn ferrit gi l nhn (do gi l b nh li) m c th b t ha hoc kh t. Mi giao im c mt a ch duy nht ca giao im : cho nn, khi mt dng in c i qua dy in, nhn b t ha c nhn ra bi a ch tng ng. Mi nhn th hin mt s nh phn 0 hay 1, ph thuc vo trng thi ca n. Cc my tnh s khai c dung lng khong 80,000 bit, trong khi by gi, khng c g ngc nhin khi nghe v cc my tnh vi mt b nh hng triu bit. iu ny c hin thc ha bi s kin xut bng bn dn trong sn xut mch thu nh. Do vy, my tnh ln gim c v kch thc v gi thnh. Sut nhng nm 50

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v 60 v n gia nm 70, b nh li thng tr th trng. Bi 9. Vo nhng nm 70, c mt s pht trin cao hn m cch mng ha lnh vc my tnh. l kh nng in hng nghn mch tch hp trn mt ming silicon nh ( gi l chip) ci m l nguyn t phi kim vi c tnh bn dn. Cc chip c hng nghn mch ging heetjm mi mch c kh nng lu tr mt bit. Bi v kch thc rt nh ca chip, v do mch c in trn n, tn hiu in khng phi i xa, do vy, chng c truyn nhanh hn. Hn th, kch thc ca cc thnh phn ch mch c th coi nh l c gim, mt bc dn n s m u ca c my tnh nh v my vi tnh. V th, my tnh tr ln nh hn, nhanh hn v r hn. Ch c mt vn vi b nh sbasn dn, tuy nhin, khi nng lng mt, thng tin trong b nh b mt khng ging vi b nh li ci m c kh nng lu tr thng tin trong sut s c v nng lng. Mt s pht trin khc trong lnh vc b nh smays tnh l b nh bt. tng m bao gm vic tao ra mt tm phim mng bng hp kim trong b nh. Khi tm phim ny c t ha, n to ra cc bt t, s c mt, hay vng mt trnh din mt bit thng tin. Nhng bt t ny l cc k nh, ng knh khong 0.1 micromet. Do vy, mt b nh bt t c kh nng lu tr thng tin mt ln hn nhng b nh xut hin, n to ln s ph hp vi nhng c my cc nh. Cc b nh bt khng t, tiu th t in nng, kch thc nh, tin cy cao. Chng c nhiu th hc hi, nghin cu trong lnh vc tip theo.

Bi 10. Bi v my tnh trung tm tr ln nhanh hn v mnh hn. N c th thit lp nhiu trm hin th t xa m t tt c nhng ngi iu hnh c th s dng cng mt my tnh hin th thng tin v nhp d liu. Sau , ngay c nhng my nh hn c trang b mt mn hnh hin th kh rng v bn phm c nh hng s dng bi nhng c nhn c o to gii hn, hn l hng ti nhng ngi iu hnh c k nng cao i vi nhiu s tng tc vi cc my tnh mt bn ghi vnh vin l khng cn thit. Do vy, u ra c qut mt ln v sau b b i to ra s lng ph giy ln. gii quyt vn ny, thit b u cui s dng n ng tia m cc c th c s dng. Thm vo loi tr vic lng ph giy, nhng thit b u cui ny rt yn lng, v thng thng an ton hn l mt thit b u cui sao chp cng. Bi v tc v s im lng, thit b s dng ng tia m cc l thit b tng tc hu dng cho s dng trong vn phng v nhng khu vc khc. Cc mch in t c s dng bn trong chng rt ging vi cc mch trong my thu hnh.

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Cc thit b hin th u cui ny l a dng v nhiu mu sc. Lc u n hin th cc mu t hoa en trng. nhng vi cc thit b c pht trin cao hn, cc mu t thng c th c hin th, v mt vi la chn l nhp nhy hoc cc k t kp. Mt s mn hnh c th to ra cc k t m trn mt nn sng hay ngay c vic to ra mi ch mt mu nu mun. Tnh nng sau l mt tnh nng quan trong nhm thu ht s ch khi mt gi tr khng bnh thng.

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