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  • Notes and Examples On Potentiometer

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    Haider Tyebally Tyebally
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    A potentiometer is a sensor that measures voltage based on the displacement of a wire of varying resistance. The voltage being measured is equal to the total voltage across the potentiometer multiplied by the ratio of the displaced wire length to the total wire length. An example shows using a potentiometer to measure the emf of a thermocouple, where balancing the voltages determines the temperature.

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    Notes and Examples on Potentiometer

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    A potentiometer is a sensor that measures voltage based on the displacement of a wire of varying resistance. The voltage being measured is equal to the total voltage across the potentiometer multiplied by the ratio of the displaced wire length to the total wire length. An example shows using a potentiometer to measure the emf of a thermocouple, where balancing the voltages determines the temperature.

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    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    10 views3 pages

    Notes and Examples On Potentiometer

    Uploaded by

    Haider Tyebally Tyebally
    A potentiometer is a sensor that measures voltage based on the displacement of a wire of varying resistance. The voltage being measured is equal to the total voltage across the potentiometer multiplied by the ratio of the displaced wire length to the total wire length. An example shows using a potentiometer to measure the emf of a thermocouple, where balancing the voltages determines the temperature.

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    of 3

    Potentiometer Potentiometerisasensorbasedonchangeofelectricresistanceduetochangeinphysicallengthof wire.

    B d L

    ThevoltageVtobemeasuredismeasuredintermsofthedisplacementd: V=E(d/L). EisthevoltageacrossthepotentiometerandListhefullscaledisplacementofthepotentiometer (orlengthofthewireAB). Resistance,Rofawireoflengthdisgivenby: Rd=(/A)d :resistivityofmaterialinm A:crosssectionalareainm2 V=E(d/L)=E((Rd/(/A))/(RL/(/A))]=Rd/RL RListheresistanceofpotentiometerwireAB.

    Example:Measurementofpotentiometerdifferencewithpotentiometer Theelectromotiveforce(emf)softhermojunctionsinthermocouplearesmalloftheorderofa millivolt.Asuitablyhighresistanceistypicallyconnectedinserieswiththepotentiometerwireso thatthebalancepointdoesnothavetobeveryneartooneendofthewire.

    C A G G Es X Y GiventheemfEsofastandardcellis1.02V,andthisisbalancedbythep.d.acrossaresistanceof 2040inserieswithapotentiometerwireAB. IfABis1mlong,andhasaresistanceof4,calculatethelengthAConitwhichbalancestheemf 1.2mVofthethermocoupleXY. Since1.02Visthep.d.across2040,and4wireABisinserieswith2040, p.d.acrossAB=4/2040x1.02V=2mV Thethermocoupleemf,1.2mVisbalancedbyalengthAConAB(1m): AC/AB=1.2mV/2mV=3/5 Therefore,thelengthAC=3/5x1m=0.6m B

    Thermocouple

    Example:TemperatureMeasurementusingthermocoupleandpotentiometer

    L d C A G 0 oC X
    o

    B V

    Y C

    Thermocouple PotentialdifferenceacrossAB,E=2mV;LengthofAB,L=1m;d=0.6m Themeasuredvoltage,V=E(d/L)=1.2mV Thethermocoupleregistersathermoelectricemfof1.2mV.Supposethatthethermocoupleismade ofironwithfollowingemftemperaturecharacteristics. emf (mV) 6 4

    2 oC 200 400 600 oCcanbedeterminedfromthecurve,orfromtheparabolasequationapproximatingthecurve: V=a+b2whereaandbareconstantsthatcanbedeterminedfromfittingthecurve.

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