6.

3 Adding, Subtracting, & Multiplying Polynomials

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To + or - , + or the coeff. of like terms! Vertical format :

Add 3x3+2x2-x-7 and x3-10x2+8. 3x3 + 2x2 x 7 + x3 10x2 + 8 Line up like terms 4x3 8x2 x + 1

Horizontal format : Combine like terms

(8x3 3x2 2x + 9) (2x3 + 6x2 x + 1)= (8x3 2x3)+(-3x2 6x2)+(-2x + x) + (9 1)= 6x3 + -9x2 + -x + 8 = 6x3 9x2 x + 8

Examples: Adding & Subtracting

(9x3 2x + 1) + (5x2 + 12x -4) = 9x3 + 5x2 2x + 12x + 1 4 = 9x3 + 5x2 + 10x 3 (2x2 + 3x) (3x2 + x 4)= 2x2 + 3x 3x2 x + 4 = 2x2 - 3x2 + 3x x + 4 = -x2 + 2x + 4

Multiplying Polynomials: Vertically

(-x2 + 2x + 4)(x 3)= -x2 + 2x + 4 * x3 3x2 6x 12 -x3 + 2x2 + 4x -x3 + 5x2 2x 12

Multiplying Polynomials : Horizontally

(x 3)(3x2 2x 4)= (x 3)(3x2) + (x 3)(-2x)
+ (x 3)(-4) = (3x3 9x2) + (-2x2 + 6x) + (-4x + 12) = 3x3 9x2 2x2 + 6x 4x +12 = 3x3 11x2 + 2x + 12

Multiplying 3 Binomials :
(x 1)(x + 4)(x + 3) = FOIL the first two: (x2 x +4x 4)(x + 3) = (x2 + 3x 4)(x + 3) = Then multiply the trinomial by the binomial (x2 + 3x 4)(x) + (x2 + 3x 4)(3) = (x3 + 3x2 4x) + (3x2 + 9x 12) = x3 + 6x2 + 5x - 12

Some binomial products appear so much we need to recognize the patterns!

Sum & Difference (S&D): (a + b)(a b) = a2 b2 Example: (x + 3)(x 3) = x2 9 Square of Binomial: (a + b)2 = a2 + 2ab + b2 (a - b)2 = a2 2ab + b2

Last Pattern
Cube of a Binomial
(a + b)3 = a3 + 3a2b + 3ab2 + b3 (a b)3 = a3 - 3a2b + 3ab2 b3

Example:
(x + 5)3 = a = x and b = 5 x3 + 3(x)2(5) + 3(x)(5)2 + (5)3 = x3 + 15x2 + 75x + 125

Assignment